{{Short description|Client state of France during the French Revolutionary Wars}} {{for|the established republic by revolutionaries|revolutionary republic}} {{Refimprove|date=May 2018}} [[File:ChampRep.jpg|thumb|300px|1799 caricature in which the Prussian ("God, how it grows; It's terrifying"), Russian ("That should be good to eat"), and Austrian ("Don't touch that, my friend, it's poisonous") monarchs watch how republics spring up like mushrooms around France, spreading towards other European capitals]] {{republicanism sidebar}}
'''Sister republics''' ({{langx|fr|république sœur}}, {{IPA|fr|ʁepyblik sœʁ|pron|LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-république sœur.wav}}) were satellite states of the French Republic set up in the territories captured by the victorious French Army during the French Revolutionary Wars; like their protector, they were revolutionary republics. This became particularly evident after the First French Empire was established in 1804, after which France annexed several sister republics and transformed the remainder into monarchies ruled by members of the House of Bonaparte.
==History== The French Revolution was a period of social and political upheaval in France from 1789 until 1799. The Republicans who overthrew the monarchy were driven by ideas of popular sovereignty, rule of law, and representative democracy. The Republicans borrowed ideas and values from Whiggism and Enlightenment philosophers. The French Republic supported the spread of republican principles in Europe. According to Paul D. Van Wie, most of these ''sister republics'' became a means of controlling occupied lands as client regimes through a mix of French and local power.<ref>{{cite book|last=Van Wie |first=Paul D. |title=Image, History, and Politics: The Coinage of Modern Europe |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=egIVS0rwFhUC&pg=PA116 |date=1999 |access-date=24 June 2015 |pages=116–7|publisher=University Press of America |isbn=9780761812227 }}</ref>
==List of Sister Republics== thumb|Map of France and her sister republics in 1798 {| class="wikitable sortable" ! Flag ! Name ! Duration ! Location ! Fate |- | {{Flagicon image|Piedmont-Subalpine Flag.png}} | Subalpine Republic | 1800–1802 | Piedmont | Annexed by the French Republic. |- | {{Flagicon image|Piedmont-Subalpine Flag.png}} | Piedmontese Republic | 1798–1799 | Piedmont | Predecessor to the Subalpine Republic. Conquered by Austro-Russian troops, later reconquered by Napoleon. |- | {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Republic of Alba.svg}} | Republic of Alba | 1796 (April 26-April 28) | Alba | Predecessor to the Piedmontese Republic; reconquered by the Kingdom of Sardinia. |- | {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Parthenopaean Republic.svg}} | Parthenopean Republic | 1799 (January 21-June 13) | Naples | Reconquered by the ''Sanfedisti'' for the King of Naples and Sicily. |- | {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Republic of Pescara.svg}} | Republic of Pescara | 1799 (January ?-June 30) [a part of Parthenopean Republic] | Pescara | Reunited with the Kingdom of Naples. |- | {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Repubblica Romana 1798.svg}} | Roman Republic | 1798–1799 | Papal States | Ended with the restoration of the Papal States. |- | {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Repubblica Anconitana.svg}} | Anconine Republic | 1797–1798 | Ancona | Joined the Roman Republic. |- | {{Flagicon image|Flag of France (1794–1815, 1830–1958).svg}} | Tiberina Republic | 1798 (February 4-March 7) | Perugia | Joined the Roman Republic. |- | {{Flagicon image|Flag of Genoa.svg}} | Ligurian Republic | 1797–1805 | Genoa | Annexed by the French Empire. |- | {{Flagicon image|Flag of Lucca (1799-1801).svg}} | Republic of Lucca | 1799 (January 22-July 17); 1800–1805 | Lucca | Replaced by the Principality of Lucca and Piombino. |- | {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Italian Republic (Napoleonic) with coat of arms.svg}} | Italian Republic (Napoleonic) | 1802–1805 | Northern Italy | Transformed into the Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic). |- | {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Repubblica Cisalpina.svg}} | Cisalpine Republic | 1797–1802 | Northern Italy | Transformed into the Italian Republic. |- | {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Cispadane Republic.svg}} | Cispadane Republic | 1796–1797 | Emilia-Romagna | Merged with the Transpadane Republic to form the Cisalpine Republic. |- | | Bolognese Republic | 1796 (June 23-October 16) | Bologna | Annexed by the Cispadane Republic. |- | {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Repubblica Transpadana.svg}} | Transpadane Republic | 1796–1797 | Lombardy | Merged with the Cispadane Republic to form the Cisalpine Republic. |- | {{Flagicon image|It cremasca.gif}} | Republic of Crema | 1797 (March 28-July 10) | Crema | Annexed by the Cisalpine Republic. |- | | Republic of Bergamo | 1797 (March 13-June 29) | Bergamo | Annexed by the Cisalpine Republic. |- | | Republic of Brescia | 1797 (March 18-November 20) | Brescia | Annexed by the Cisalpine Republic. |- | | Provisional Municipality of Venice | 1797–1798 | Venice | Ceded to the Austrian Empire by the Treaty of Campo Formio. |- | {{Flagicon image|Flag of Bouillon.svg}} | Republic of Bouillon | 1794–1795 | Bouillon (modern-day Belgium) | Annexed by the French Republic. |- | {{Flagicon image|LuikVlag.svg}} | Republic of Liège | 1789–1791 | Prince-Bishopric of Liège (modern-day Belgium) | Dissolved after restoration of the Prince-Bishopric; later annexed by France. |- | | Rauracian Republic | 1792–1793 | Basel (modern-day Switzerland) | Annexed by the French Republic. |- | | Lémanique Republic | 1798 (January 24-February 12) | Vaud (modern-day Switzerland) | Joined the Helvetic Republic as the Canton of Léman. |- | | Republic of Mainz | 1793 (March 18-22 June) | Rhenish Hesse and Palatinate (modern-day Germany) | Collapsed upon the Prussian reconquest of Mainz. |- | {{Flagicon image|Bataafse Republiek nationale vlag.svg}} | Batavian Republic | 1795–1806 (1795-1801 Batavian Republic; 1801-1806 Batavian Commonwealth) | Netherlands | Replaced by the Kingdom of Holland. |- | {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Cisrhenian Republic.svg}} | Cisrhenian Republic | 1797-1801 | West bank of the Rhine (modern-day Germany) | Proclaimed but not fully established; area annexed by France. |- | {{Flagicon image|Green harp flag of Ireland.svg}} | Irish Republic (1798) | 1798 (August 22-September 23) | Connacht (Ireland) | Proclaimed during the Irish Rebellion of 1798; collapsed with the defeat of the Franco-Irish force. |- | {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Helvetic Republic (French).svg}} | Helvetic Republic | 1798–1803 | Switzerland | Dissolved by Napoleon's Act of Mediation. |- | | Altamura | 1799 (February 8-May 31) | Altamura (Kingdom of Naples) | Crushed by Neapolitan royalist forces (the Sanfedisti). |- | {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Astese Republic (1797).png}} | Astese Republic | 1797 (July 28-July 30) | Asti | Short-lived, suppressed and absorbed by the Cisalpine Republic. |- | | {{ill|Reggiana Republic|it|Repubblica Reggiana}} | 1796 (August 26-October 22) | Reggio Emilia | Annexed by the Cispadane Republic. |- | {{Flagicon image|Flag of Canton of Valais (1802–1815).svg}} | Rhodanic Republic | 1798 (March 16-May 1); 1802–1810 | Valais (modern-day Switzerland) | Transformed into the Republic of Valais under French influence, later annexed. |}
==See also== * List of French client states
==References== {{reflist}} {{Client states of the Great French War}}
Category:Republicanism Category:Modern history of Italy Category:Client states of the Napoleonic Wars Category:French Directory Category:Types of republics