{{Other people|Richard Hutton|Richard Hutton (disambiguation)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}} {{Use British English|date=December 2016}} [[File:Hutton pic.JPG|thumb|Sir Richard Hutton, A Judge of the Common Pleas]] [[File:GoldsboroughHall.JPG|thumb|Goldsborough Hall]] '''Sir Richard Hutton''' (1560 – 26 February 1639) was a [[Yorkshire]] landowner, and judge. He defied [[Charles I of England|Charles I]] over [[ship money]].

==Life== Hutton was born and brought up at Hutton Hall in [[Penrith, Cumbria|Penrith]], [[Cumberland]], the son of Anthony Hutton. He went to [[Jesus College, Cambridge]], to study divinity but aged 20 headed to London to pursue a career in law.<ref>{{acad|id=HTN565R|name=Hutton, Richard}}</ref> He was [[called to the bar]] in 1586 and was made a [[serjeant-at-law]] in 1603 under [[Elizabeth I]]. At this time, Hutton bought the estate at [[Goldsborough, Harrogate|Goldsborough]], near [[Knaresborough]], [[West Riding of Yorkshire]] from the [[Goldsborough family|Goldsborough]] family, whose original thatched moated manor house had been destroyed after a quarrel over succession. Sir Richard Hutton bought out the claimants to the estate and built the present [[Goldsborough Hall]] to the south east of the village on raised ground close to the church.

Hutton was made Recorder of [[York]] in 1608, [[Doncaster]] in 1609 and [[Ripon]] in 1610. He held these offices until 1617 when he was knighted by [[King James I of England|King James I]] on a visit to [[York]] and made judge of the [[Court of Common Pleas (England)]]. Hutton was well thought of under [[Charles I of England|Charles I]] and became acting [[Chief Justice of the Common Pleas]] for a year from December 1625 to November 1626. He was a friend and relative of [[Matthew Hutton (Archbishop of York)]] (1529–1606).

===Ship Money=== All judges were asked to sign a declaration in favour of [[ship money]], a disputed tax, in 1635. Hutton signed it but in 1638 ruled against the King in favour of [[John Hampden]] and admitted he was against the tax, saying that such a charge might not be imposed by the king's "original writ only under the great seal, without parliament,... unless in time of actual war and invasion"{{citation needed|date=February 2014}}. After the judgement, one of the [[High Church]] clergy, the Revd Thomas Harrison, accused Hutton of high treason. He was prosecuted, imprisoned and fined £5,000. There is an account of the trial in Hutton's ''Diary'' and he won £10,000 in damages.

Hutton died at [[Serjeant's Inn]] in 1639 and was buried, as requested, at [[St Dunstan-in-the-West]], Fleet Street, London. Goldsborough Hall and his estates then passed to his son and heir, [[Sir Richard Hutton, the younger]] (knighted in 1625). Charles I called him "his honest judge".

Hutton kept a diary from 1614 until his death in 1639 which was edited by [[Wilfrid Prest|W R Prest]].

==Family== Sir Richard married Agnes Briggs of [[Cawmire]], [[Westmorland]], in 1591, the daughter and heiress of Thomas Briggs of Cawmire. They had four sons and five daughters. His second son, Sir Richard Hutton the younger (1617–1645) succeeded him after the death of his eldest son, Christopher, aged 24, who died after a sea voyage. Hutton was the younger brother of Sir William Hutton.

==Books== *''The Diary of Sir Richard Hutton'' 1614–1639, edited for the [[Selden Society]] by [[Wilfrid Prest]], Reader in History, The [[University of Adelaide]], London 1991 *''The Legacy: The Huttons of Penrith and Beetham'' by Barbara C Lee, publ. Titus Wilson & Son, Kendal, {{ISBN|0-9531444-0-2}} is a history of the Hutton family with extensive references to Sir Richard Hutton *''The History of the Castle, Town and Forest of Knaresborough with Harrogate and its Medicinal Waters'' by [[Ely Hargrove]], printed by Hargrove and Sons, Knaresborough, 1809 gives a brief history of the Huttons of 'Goldesburgh', 'Goldesburgh Hall' and Church

==Articles== ''Ship Money and Mr Justice Hutton'' by Wilfrid Prest, published in [[History Today]] Volume: 41 Issue: 1 January 1991. [[Wilfrid Prest]] used Sir Richard Hutton's diaries to illustrate the attitudes and issues behind one of the constitutional set pieces of [[Charles I of England|Charles I]]'s reign

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== * [http://www.goldsboroughhall.com Goldsborough Hall official website] * {{UK National Archives ID}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Hutton, Richard}} <!--Categories--> [[Category:1560 births]] [[Category:1639 deaths]] [[Category:17th-century deaths]] [[Category:People from Penrith, Cumbria]] [[Category:Serjeants-at-law (England)]] [[Category:17th-century English judges]] [[Category:Justices of the common pleas]] [[Category:16th-century English judges]] [[Category:16th-century English lawyers]]