{{Short description|Historic Palestinian village}} thumb | right | alt=Kibbutz Bet HaShita | Kibbutz Bet HaShita '''Shatta''' (Arabic: شطّة ), also spelled '''Shutta''', was a Palestinian village in Beth Shaan Valley, north-west of the city of Bisan. During the British Mandate period, it was replaced by Kibbutz Beit HaShita.
== History == Ceramics and coins from the Byzantine era were found in the region of Shatta.<ref>Dauphin, 1998, p. 776</ref> === Ottoman period === During the Ottoman period, the village named '''Shatta'''.<ref>The name probably derives from "a river bank", according to Palmer, 1881, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/167/mode/1up 167]</ref> Karmon, a geographer, suggested that Shutta was marked on the map Pierre Jacotin compiled in 1799, misnamed as Naim.<ref>Karmon, 1960, p. [http://www.jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf 169] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222063351/http://jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf|date=2019-12-22}}</ref>
While travelling in the region in 1838, Edward Robinson noted Shutta as a village in the general area of Tamra,<ref>Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/n236/mode/1up 219]</ref> while during his travels in 1852 he noted it as being a village north of the Jalud.<ref>Robinson and Smith, 1856, p. [https://archive.org/stream/laterbiblicalre01smitgoog#page/n388/mode/1up 339]</ref>
When Victor Guérin visited in 1870, he found here "a good many silos cut in the ground and serving as underground granaries to the families of the village", and "The women have to go for water to the canal of 'Ain Jalud – marked on the map as the Wady Jalud."<ref>Guérin, 1874, pp. [https://archive.org/stream/descriptionsam01gu#page/301/mode/1up 301]-302; as given in Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp02conduoft#page/126/mode/1up 126]</ref>
In 1870/1871 (1288 AH), an Ottoman census listed the village in the ''nahiya'' (sub-district) of Shafa al-Shamali.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Grossman |first=David |title=Arab Demography and Early Jewish Settlement in Palestine |publisher=Magnes Press |year=2004 |location=Jerusalem |pages=256}}</ref>
In 1881, the Palestine Exploration Fund's ''Survey of Western Palestine'' described ''Shutta'' as a small adobe village on rising ground, surrounded by hedges of prickly pear and plough-land.<ref>Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp02conduoft#page/86/mode/1up 86]</ref>
=== British Mandate era === In the 1922 census of Palestine, Shutta had a population of 280; 277 Muslims and 3 Orthodox Christians,<ref>Barron, 1923, Table IX, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n33/mode/1up 31]</ref><ref>Barron, 1923, Table XV, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n50/mode/1up 48]</ref> decreasing in the 1931 census to 255; 2 Jews, 3 Christians and 250 Muslims, in a total of 85 houses.<ref>Mills, 1932, p. 80</ref>
The land of the kibbutz, part of the village land of Shutta including the village itself, was purchased by the Palestine Land Development Company from its Arab owners in 1931.<ref name="Stein">Stein, 1984, pp. 125,134,263–264.</ref><ref>Kark, 1997</ref> The tenants contested the purchase, claiming to be the rightful owners, but the Bisan Civil Court ruled against them.<ref name="Stein" /> The fate of the tenants and workers, numbering more than 200, became a matter of dispute between the government, the sellers, and the buyers.<ref name="Stein" /> The Jewish Agency maintained that the terms of sale were for the land to be delivered free of residents, while the main seller Raja Ra'is apparently made use of loopholes in the law to provide the tenants with compensation below that to which they were entitled.<ref name="Stein" /> The case led to a 1932 amendment of the law to better protect evicted tenants.<ref name="Stein" /> In 2015, a grandchild of kibbutz residents, Jasmine Donahaye, published ''Losing Israel'' in which she expressed her disillusionment on learning of the eviction of Arabs on the founding of the kibbutz.<ref>Nathan Abrams, ''[https://www.haaretz.com/life/books/2015-09-04/ty-article/.premium/a-birds-eye-view-of-israel/0000017f-dbb3-df9c-a17f-ffbb7ae50000 A Disillusioned Zionist's Bird’s-eye View of Israel],'' Haaretz, 4 September 2015.</ref>
== References == {{Reflist}} == Bibliography == {{refbegin}} *{{cite book | editor =Barron, J.B. | title =Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922 | url =https://archive.org/details/PalestineCensus1922 | publisher =Government of Palestine | year =1923 }} *{{cite book|last1=Conder|first1=C.R.|authorlink1=Claude Reignier Conder|last2=Kitchener|first2=H.H.|authorlink2=Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|year=1882|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp02conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology|location=London|publisher=Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund|volume=2}} *{{cite book |last= Dauphin |first = C.|author-link= Claudine Dauphin | title = La Palestine byzantine, Peuplement et Populations | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=FC1mAAAAMAAJ | volume = III : Catalogue | series = BAR International Series 726 | year = 1998 | publisher = Archeopress | location = Oxford | language = French | isbn = 0860549054 }} *{{cite book|title=Village Statistics, April, 1945|url=http://web.nli.org.il/sites/nli/Hebrew/library/Pages/BookReader.aspx?pid=856390|author=Department of Statistics|year=1945|publisher=Government of Palestine}} *{{cite book |last =Donahaye |first =Jasmine |title =Losing Israel |url =https://books.google.com/books?id=SFEzDAAAQBAJ |publisher =Seren Books |year =2015 |isbn =978-1781722527 }} *{{cite book|title=Records of dispossession: Palestinian refugee property and the Arab–Israeli conflict|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oIWrNpuMjLAC|first=Michael R.|last=Fischbach|edition=Illustrated|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=2012|isbn=978-0-231-12978-7}} *{{cite book|last=Guérin|first=V.|authorlink=Victor Guérin|title=Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine|url=https://archive.org/details/descriptionsam01gu|volume=2: Samarie, pt. 1|year=1874|publisher=L'Imprimerie Nationale|location=Paris|language=French}} *{{cite journal|last=Kark|first=R.|authorlink=Ruth Kark|title = Mamlūk and Ottoman Cadastral Surveys and Early Mapping of Landed Properties in Palestine| journal=Agricultural History|volume= 71|number= 1|year= 1997|pages= 46–70}} *{{cite journal|author = Karmon, Y.|title = An Analysis of Jacotin's Map of Palestine|url = http://www.jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf|journal = Israel Exploration Journal|volume = 10|issue = 3,4|year = 1960|pages = 155–173; 244–253|access-date = 2015-11-27|archive-date = 2019-12-22|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191222063351/http://jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf|url-status = dead}} *{{cite book|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|first=S.|last=Hadawi|authorlink=Sami Hadawi|year=1970|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center}} *{{cite book|last=Lieblich|first=A.|authorlink=Amia Lieblich|title=Kibbutz Makom: Report From an Israeli kibbutz|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CJQiAAAAMAAJ|year=1981|publisher=Pantheon Books|isbn=0-394-50724-X}} *{{cite book | editor = Mills, E. | title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas | url = https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas | publisher = Government of Palestine | location = Jerusalem | year = 1932 }} *{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E.H.|authorlink=Edward Henry Palmer|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund}} *{{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=E.|authorlink1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=E.|authorlink2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=https://archive.org/details/biblicalresearch03robiuoft|title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838|location=Boston|publisher=Crocker & Brewster|volume=3}} *{{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=E.|authorlink1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=E.|authorlink2=Eli Smith|year=1856|url=https://archive.org/details/laterbiblicalre01smitgoog|title=Later Biblical Researches in Palestine and adjacent regions: A Journal of Travels in the year 1852|location=London|publisher=John Murray}} *{{cite book|last=Stein|first=K.|authorlink=Kenneth W. Stein|title=The Land Question in Palestine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qYxGDgAAQBAJ|year=1984|publisher=University of North Carolina Press|isbn=978-0-8078-4178-5}} {{refend}} == External links == *Survey of Western Palestine, map 9: [http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?folder_id=93&type_id=6&id=8371 IAA]{{Dead link|date=March 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}, [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Survey_of_Western_Palestine_1880.09.jpg Wikimedia commons] Category:Arab villages depopulated prior to the 1948 Arab–Israeli War Category:Palestine (region)