Sedniv

{{Short description|Rural locality in Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2026}}{{rough translation|Ukrainian|date=August 2022}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Sedniv | native_name = {{lang|uk|Седнів}} | settlement_type = Rural settlement | image_skyline = {{multiple image |border = infobox |image_style = border:1 |perrow = 1/2/1 |total_width = 270 |caption_align = center | image1 = Sedniv George Church DSC 7209.jpg | image2 = Кам"яниця Лизогубів.jpg | image3 = Седнів Воскресенська церква фото02 2014.jpg | image4 = Седнiвська школа.jpg | caption1 = {{ill|St. George's Church, Sedniv|lt=St. George's Church|uk|Георгіївська церква (Седнів)}} | caption2 = Lyzohubs' Stone House | caption3 = {{ill|Resurrection Church, Sedniv|lt=Resurrection Church|uk|Воскресенська церква (Седнів)}} | caption4 = New school }} | image_caption = | imagesize = | image_flag = | image_shield = Sedniv gerb.png | image_blank_emblem = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = | mapsize = | map_caption = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_type1 = Oblast | subdivision_type2 = Raion | subdivision_name = {{flag|Ukraine}} | subdivision_name1 = Chernihiv Oblast | subdivision_name2 = Chernihiv Raion | established_title = Founded | established_date = | established_title1 = | established_date1 = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = | leader_party = | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | population_as_of = 2022 | population_note = | population_total = 1041 | population_metro = | population_density_km2 = auto | pushpin_map = Ukraine Chernihiv Oblast#Ukraine | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_mapsize = 256 | pushpin_label_position1 = | pushpin_map_caption = | pushpin_mapsize1 = | coordinates = {{coord|51|38|36|N|31|34|8|E|region:UA_type:city|display=inline,title}} | elevation_m = | | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 14000 | area_code = (+380) | registration_plate = CB / 25 | blank_info = | blank1_info = | website = | footnotes = | subdivision_type3 = Hromada | subdivision_name3 = Sedniv settlement hromada }} '''Sedniv''' (Ukrainian: Седнів; Yiddish: סעדניוו) is a rural settlement in Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine. Located in Chernihiv Raion, Sedniv is the seat of the Sedniv settlement hromada, one of Ukraine's 435 settlement hromadas.<ref name="admreform_2020_sedniv">{{cite web |title=Седнівська громада |url=https://gromada.info/gromada/sednivska/ |publisher=Портал об'єднаних громад України |language=Ukrainian}}</ref> It has a population of {{Ua-pop-est2022|1,041|.}}

Sedniv is famous for being the hometown of the Lyzohub family of Cossacks. The population of Sedniv suffered heavily from the Holodomor, or Ukrainian Famine, causing it to lose its township status in 1932. More than 25 years later, in 1959, Sedniv was restored to a ton.

Sedniv is located at the historic site of the Ruthenian city of Snovsk, then part of Kievan Rus', which was destroyed by the Tatars in 1239. It is unknown when the town changed its name from Snovsk to Sedniv. In 1648–1781 it was a sotnia (district) seat of the Chernihiv Regiment.

==History==

===Prehistory===

Modern researchers trace the history of Sedniv to the Danish settlement of Seden, from which the city got its name.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Tyschenko |first=K. |title=Khaliphate and Sivera: A Toponymical Trace in Ukraine |year=2011 |location=Kyiv |pages=272–275 |language=uk}}</ref> When the territories of the modern-day Chernihiv Oblast were captured by the Rurik dynasty, Sedniv was named Snovesk ({{langx|uk|Сновеськ}}).

===Kievan Rus'===

{{Unreferenced section|date=December 2021}} The settlement is first mentioned in chronicles as an ancient fortress city of Snovsk. In 1068, Prince Sviatoslav with three thousand soldiers defeated a 12,000 soldier Cuman army near {{Interlanguage link|Snovsk (historical city)|lt=Snovsk|uk|Сновськ (історичне місто)}}. The name comes from the River Snov. A folk legend tells other versions of the town's name:

"The devastating hordes of the Crimean Tatars attacked Snovsk, but could not take the city fortress. The Tatars then called the city of Snovsk "Sidnaame"(сидняме), which translated from Tatar language as if to mean ''evil and brave''. Hence – Sedniv."

From 10th to 11th centuries, Snovsk was one of the strongholds of Kievan Rus', the center of a separate administrative unit – the {{Interlanguage link|Snovsk Tysiacha|uk|Сновська тисяча}} (thousand).

From 12th to 13th centuries, Snovsk was a part of the Chernihiv Principality that was later destroyed by Tatars invaders in 1239.

In the mid-14th century, the city was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

===Cossack Hetmanate=== {{Unreferenced section|date=December 2021}} [[File:Lysohub-Sedniv.jpg|left|thumb|200px|Lyzohub Stonehouse (Кам'яниця Лизогубів), Taras Shevchenko, 1846.]]

Between 1648 and 1781, Sedniv was a sotnia town of the Chernihiv Regiment, and later a parish town of Little Russia Governorate before being incorporated into Chernihiv Governorate in 1802. The town also housed the {{Interlanguage link|Sedniv Regiment|uk|Седнівський полк}} for a short time in 1659.

At the end of the 17th century, Sedniv became a chattel of the Cossack Lyzohub family.

===Russian Empire===

In the middle of the 19th century, the town was divided into two parts: Mlyny ({{Literal translation|Mills}}) and Kozhumiaky ({{Literal translation|Tanners}}). A thriving regional center of tannery, by 1859 Sedniv had 10 tanneries, lard and candle manufactories, as well as 11 mills.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Vermenych |first1=Y. |last2=Vortman |first2=D. |title=Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine |url=http://resource.history.org.ua/cgi-bin/eiu/history.exe?&I21DBN=EIU&P21DBN=EIU&S21STN=1&S21REF=10&S21FMT=eiu_all&C21COM=S&S21CNR=20&S21P01=0&S21P02=0&S21P03=TRN=&S21COLORTERMS=0&S21STR=Sedniv_smt |access-date=2022-05-18 |website=Institute of History of Ukraine}}</ref>

===Ukrainian People's Republic===

In 1917, Sedniv became part of newly created Ukrainian People's Republic. During the Ukrainian–Soviet War the town was captured by Russian troops on 20 January 1918, and was retaken by joint German and Ukrainian armies on 18 March 1918.

Soviet-aligned {{Interlanguage link|Bohun Regiment|lt=Bohun Cossack Regiment|uk|Богунський полк}} attacked the town on 10 January 1919, annexing it into Ukrainian People's Republic of Soviets. 25 UPR soldiers died in the battle; their remains were buried at the local cemetery.<ref>[http://www.memory.gov.ua/ua/publication/print/1314.htm ''Ервін Міден''. Полум'яні літа української революції: події в Седневі // Сайт УІНП]</ref>

===Soviet era===

Soviet administration was established in August 1920 with the formation of Sedniv Village Council. During the post-war administrative reform, the town became part of Chernihiv Oblast's Horodnia Raion.

Sedniv was heavily hit by the Holodomor. As the town's inhabitants heavily resisted Soviet collectivization policies, the town was included into the Soviet black boards.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120804115849/www.memory.gov.ua/ua/506.htm Перелік населених пунктів України занесених на «Чорні дошки» у 1932–1933 роках. Смт. Седнів]</ref> At least 145 people perished during this period, and the town{{Dubious|date=January 2026|reason=Towns were abolished in the Soviet Union in 1925, so the town status should have been lost back then and replaced with urban-type settlement status.}} itself was downgraded into a village.

=== Independence === The settlement is on the list of historic settlements of Ukraine approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine in 2001.<ref>[http://www.kmu.gov.ua/document/59657393/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%20%D0%9A%D0%9C%D0%A3%20%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%2026%20%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BD%D1%8F%202001%20%D1%80%20N%20878.doc Постанова Кабінету Міністрів України від 26 липня 2001 р. №878 «Про затвердження Списку історичних населених місць України»]</ref>

===Russian invasion of Ukraine===

Russian forces entered Sedniv in early morning hours of 24 February 2022.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=2022-04-19 |title=Техніка на десятки мільйонів: жителі Седнева підраховують вкрадене росіянами |language=Ukrainian |trans-title=Tens of Millions [of Hryvnias] Worth of Appliances: Sedniv Residents Count the Goods Stolen by Russians |work=Suspilne |url=https://suspilne.media/230321-tehnika-na-desatki-miljoniv-ziteli-sedneva-pidrahovuut-vkradene-rosianami/ |access-date=2022-08-22}}</ref> The town was initially used as staging area for further Russian advances in Chernihiv Oblast; according to locals, Russian forces came in three waves.

Local inhabitants reported excessive looting and intimidation by Russian forces;<ref name=":0" /> according to local culturologists, a number of places of historical and architectural significance were either damaged or outright destroyed.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-07 |title=У місті Седнів на Чернігівщині росіяни нищать пам'ятку культури-маєток голови Полтавської губернської земської управи Федора Лизогуба |url=https://poltava.to/project/7251/ |access-date=2022-08-22 |website=Інтернет-видання «Полтавщина» |language=Ukrainian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ivantsiv |first=Anastasia |date=2022-06-02 |title=Цвіт Чернігівщини. Частина друга. Деокупований Седнів |trans-title=The Pride of Chernihiv Oblast: Part Two. Sedniv Deoccupied. |url=https://lb.ua/society/2022/06/02/518774_tsvit_chernigivshchini_chastina_druga.html |access-date=2022-08-22 |website=LB.ua}}</ref> Days before the Russian army pulled back from north Ukraine, local media reported that on-the-ground military units were burning corpses of their fallen in a local starch factory furnaces.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-23 |title=Седнів на Чернігівщині "задихається": росіяни масово спалюють трупи своїх військових |trans-title=Sedniv is choking as Russians burn the corpses of their soldiers en masse |url=https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-regions/3438108-sednevu-na-cernigivsini-zagrozue-toksicna-nebezpeka-rosiani-spaluut-trupi-svoih-vijskovih.html |access-date=2022-08-22 |website=www.ukrinform.ua |language=Ukrainian}}</ref>

Until 26 January 2024, Sedniv was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Sedniv became a rural settlement.<ref name="glavnoe">{{cite news |title=Что изменится в Украине с 1 января |url=https://glavnoe.in.ua/ru/novosti/chto-yzmenytsya-v-ukrayne-s-1-yanvarya |work=glavnoe.in.ua |language=ru| date=1 January 2024}}</ref>

==Geography==

The village is located on the River Snov, and sits about 25 km from the railway station in Chernihiv.

==Demographics==

=== Population data === {| width="333px" border="0" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="5" style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA;" |-bgcolor="#EEEEEE" ! 1959 !! 1979 !! 1989 !! 2001 !! 2016 |- bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | align=center| 2395 | align=center| 1930 | align=center| 1836 | align=center| 1351 | align=center| 1103 |}

=== Population distribution by native language <small>(2001)</small> === {| width="250px" border="0" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="5" style="border:1px solid #AAAAAA;" |-bgcolor="#eeeeff" ! Ukrainian!! Russian |- bgcolor="#f7f9ff" | align=center|95,86% | align=center|3,92% |}

==Culture==

===Historical sites===

* Remains of Snovsk's medieval ramparts * St. George's Church, a wooden church built on or before 1747<ref>[http://val.ua/culture/Culture/202273-print.html Світлини церкви Святого Юра (Георгія) в с. Седнів]{{Dead link|date=December 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref> * {{Interlanguage link|Lyzohubs' Manor|uk|Садиба Лизогубів (Седнів)}}, a manor formerly belonging to Coloner {{Interlanguage link|Yakiv Kindratovych Lyzohub|lt=Yakiv Lyzohub|uk|Лизогуб Яків Кіндратович}} of the Chernihiv Regiment. The complex covers the 17th-century Lyzohubs' Stone House (Kamianytsia), the main building and {{Interlanguage link|Hlibov's Gazebo|uk|Альтанка Глібова}} (both built in the 19th century), as well as a {{Interlanguage link|Lyzohubs' Park|lt=large park|uk|Лизогубівський (Седнівський) парк}}. * Church of the Resurrection of the Christ, Lyzohubs' family crypt, constructed in 1690 * Chernihiv Energy Museum<ref>[https://www.gorod.cn.ua/news/gorod-i-region/69159-v-sedneve-otkryli-unikalnyi-muzei-energetiki.html В Седневе открыли уникальный музей энергетики], gorod.cn.ua, 22 грудня 2015</ref>

==Education==

During the Soviet era, the Lyzohub Manor was converted into an elementary school by the regional government. A new educational complex, consisting of a kindergarten and a secondary school, was constructed in 2012.

==Gallery== <gallery class="center"> File:Седнів - Садиба-2.jpg|Building of the Lyzohub Family Manor (19th century) File:Чарівна мить жовтневого світанку.jpg|Hlibov's Gazebo File:Троїцька церква Седнів (2013).JPG|Trinity Church File:Sunrise at Sednev (Ukraine).jpg|Sunrise in Sedniv File:Вид на р. Снов з Седнева.jpg|View of Snov River from the Sedniv observation deck File:Богданів дуб, смт. Седнів.JPG|Bohdan Oak </gallery>

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== * [http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/z7502/A005?rdat1=19.07.2008&rf7571=41353 Brief information] at the Verkhovna Rada website * [https://web.archive.org/web/20150427224006/http://castles.com.ua/sedniv.html Sedniv] at the Castles and temples of Ukraine website

Category:Chernigovsky Uezd Category:Blackboard places Category:Rural settlements in Chernihiv Raion Category:Rus' towns