Seances (film)

{{Infobox film | name = Seances | image = Seances (film poster).jpg | alt = | caption = Teaser poster | director = Guy Maddin Evan Johnson Galen Johnson | producer = Olivia Cooper Hadjian Alicia Smith David Christensen Dana Dansereau Loc Dao | writer = Evan Johnson Robert Kotyk Guy Maddin Kim Morgan (additional writer) John Ashbery (additional writer) | screenplay = | story = | based_on = | narrator = | starring = Mathieu Amalric Charlotte Rampling Udo Kier Geraldine Chaplin Maria de Medeiros Amira Casar Adèle Haenel Ariane Labed Elina Löwensohn Kim Morgan Mathieu Demy André Wilms Jean-François Stévenin Slimane Dazi Jacques Nolot Grégory Gadebois Gregory Hlady Jacques Bonnaffé Christophe Paou Miguel Eduardo Cueva Victoire Du Bois Jeanne de France Robinson Stévenin Jean-Baptiste Phou Rudy Andriamimarinosy | music = | cinematography = Benjamin Kasulke | editing = John Gurdebeke | studio = National Film Board of Canada | distributor = | released = {{Film date|2016}} | runtime = | country = Canada | language = English | budget = | gross = }}

'''''Seances''''' is a 2016 interactive project by filmmaker and installation artist Guy Maddin, with co-creators Evan Johnson and Galen Johnson, and the National Film Board of Canada,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://onf-nfb.gc.ca/en/press-room/press-releases-media-kits/?idpres=21002|title = Press Releases}}</ref> combining Maddin's recreations of lost films with an algorithmic film generator that allows for multiple storytelling permutations.<ref name=Green>{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/film/seances-guy-maddins-film-generator-is-an-endless-cinematic-experience/article29825665/|title=Seances: Guy Maddin's film generator is an endless cinematic experience|last=Green|first=Robert-Everett|date=2 May 2016|work=The Globe and Mail|accessdate=18 May 2016}}</ref><ref name="Seances Guy Maddin">{{Cite web|url=http://phi-centre.com/en/events/id/Seances|title=Seances Guy Maddin|date=2013|publisher=PHI|accessdate=2014-12-06}}</ref> Maddin began the project in 2012 in Paris, France, shooting footage for 18 films at the Centre Georges Pompidou (this installation was titled ''Spiritismes'', the French word for "seances", leading to press confusion about the project title)<ref name=Ball>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jonathanball.com/guy-maddin-on-the-forbidden-room-and-writing-melodrama/|title=Guy Maddin on The Forbidden Room and Writing Melodrama |date=2014-12-05|last=ball|first=Jonathan|work=Dr. Jonathan Ball: Writing the Wrong Way (interview with Guy Maddin)|accessdate=2014-12-06}}</ref> and continued shooting footage for an additional 12 films at the Phi Centre in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.<ref name="Seances Guy Maddin"/> The Paris and Montreal shoots each took three weeks, with Maddin completing one short film of approximately 15–20 minutes each day.<ref name=Bernstein>{{cite news|url=http://filmmakermagazine.com/97888-guy-maddin-on-the-saddest-music-in-the-world-and-his-interactive-seances/#.VxfCKPkrLq4|title=Guy Maddin on The Saddest Music in The World and His Interactive Seances (interview)|last=Bernstein|first=Paula|date=29 March 2016|work=Filmmaker Magazine|accessdate=20 April 2016}}</ref> The shoots were also presented as art installation projects, during which Maddin, along with the cast and crew, held a “séance” during which Maddin "invite[d] the spirit of a lost photoplay to possess them."<ref name="MaddinGuy"/>

==Production history== ''Seances'' grew out of Maddin's ''Hauntings'' project. Noah Cowan, a former director of the Toronto International Film Festival, told Maddin "he didn’t think it was possible to make art on the Internet", which "reminded [Maddin] of what people said about cinema when it was starting out, when the moviolas and kinetoscopes were considered artless novelties."<ref name=Ball/>

Maddin began with the idea of “shooting adaptations of lost films” and originally conceived the project as making “title-for-title remakes of specific lost films” but altered this plan in favour of producing original material as the project developed. Maddin completed 11 films to show as installation loops for Noah Cowan and the Toronto International Film Festival’s Bell Lightbox theatre for this 2010 ''Hauntings'' project.<ref name=Ball/>

At the SXSW 2012 festival, Maddin announced that he had begun production on the ''Seances'' project, for which he would shoot one hundred short films within a hundred-day span, at locations in Canada, France, and the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/sxsw-12-interview-guy-maddin-talks-making-100-short-films-in-100-days-in-four-countries-with-current-project-spiritismes|title=SXSW '12 Interview: Guy Maddin Talks Making 100 Short Films In 100 Days In Four Countries With Current Project 'Spiritismes'|date=2012-03-16|work=Interview|publisher=The Playlist|accessdate=2012-11-21}}</ref> However, Maddin abandoned this approach to the project to focus more fully on original script creation, partnering with writers Evan Johnson and Robert Kotyk, with additional writing by Maddin’s wife Kim Morgan and American poet John Ashbery.<ref name=Ball/>

Maddin and Johnson also co-directed and shot, concurrently, a feature film titled ''The Forbidden Room'', with the same writers. Although often misreported as the same project, ''The Forbidden Room'' “is a feature film with its own separate story and stars” while “''Seances'' will be an interactive Internet project.”<ref name=Ball/> Many of the actors in ''Seances'' also appear in ''The Forbidden Room''.

==Algorithmic storytelling== Each viewer sees a unique film. Software designed by Halifax-based Nickel Media utilizes an algorithm to create the narrative from scenes shot by Maddin, to form a 10- to 13-minute film, each with a unique title.<ref name=Green/> The number of films ensures "hundreds of billions of unique permutations."<ref name=Ball/><ref name="MaddinGuy" /><ref name=Woods>{{cite news|last=Woods|first=Allan|title=Guy Maddin's performance art installation Seances begins filming in Montreal|url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/visualarts/2013/07/04/guy_maddins_performance_art_installation_seances_begins_filming_in_montreal.html|accessdate=10 July 2013|newspaper=Toronto Star|date=4 July 2013}}</ref><ref name="RomneyJonathan">Romney, Jonathan. "A Canadian in Paris." ''Sight & Sound'' (May 2012).</ref>

==Launch== On April 14, 2016, ''Seances'' was launched online as part of Tribeca Film Festival's Storyscapes program.<ref name=Bernstein/>

==List of "resurrected" films== In addition to reimagining lost films, Maddin is also "resurrecting" projects that were planned but never filmed. Maddin has stated that he will not be parodying or otherwise mimicking the approach of the directors whose films he is reenvisioning, but rather tried to capture the imagined "spirits of the films, rather than of their directors."<ref name="RomneyJonathan" /> Films will not be shown in their entirety, but rather, offered as fragments in order to be recombined online.<ref name=Ball/>

===Paris=== The following films were filmed at Centre Pompidou, Paris, February 22 - March 12, 2012.<ref name="MaddinGuy">Maddin, Guy, Evan Johnson and Robert Kotyk. ''Séances: Project Manual''. Designed by Galen Johnson. Cinema Atelier Tovar, 2012.</ref> * ''Dream Woman'' (lost Alice Guy movie, 1914, USA) * ''Thérèse Raquin [or Shadows of Fear]'' (lost Jacques Feyder, 1928, Germany) * ''Gardener Boy Sought'' (lost George Schnéevoigt, 1913, Denmark) * ''Poto-Poto'' (unrealized Erich von Stroheim project) * ''Rausch [Intoxication]'' (lost Ernst Lubitsch, 1919, Germany) * ''The Strength of a Moustache'' (lost Mikio Naruse, 1931, Japan) * ''Lines of the Hand'' (unrealized Jean Vigo; his daughter Luce Vigo acted in this) * ''Over Barbed Wire'' (unrealized Aleksandr Dovzhenko, USSR) * ''Fist of a Cripple'' (lost Tetos Dimitriadis, 1930, Greece) * ''Blue Mountains Mystery'' (lost Lottie Lyell, 1921, Australia) * ''Idle Wives'' (lost Lois Weber, 1916) * ''Resurrection of Love'' (lost Kenji Mizoguchi, 1923, Japan) * ''Tararira'' (lost Benjamin Fondane, 1936, Argentina) * ''Bits of Life'' (lost Lon Chaney, Sr. & Anna May Wong, 1921, USA) * ''Ladies of the Mob'' (lost William Wellman) * ''Hello Pop!'' (lost Jack Cummings, 1933, USA) * ''Sperduto nel buio [Lost in the Dark]'' (lost Nino Martoglio, 1914, Italy) * ''The Blind Man'' (Alfred Hitchcock, unrealized)

An additional film, ''How to Take a Bath'' (lost Dwain Esper sexploitation film, 1937, USA) was scripted by American poet John Ashbery and completed in 2010."<ref name="RomneyJonathan" /> Footage from this film appears in ''The Forbidden Room''. In addition, Ashbery has given [Maddin] a copy of his collage-play ''The Inn of the Guardian Angel'', which was produced from ''New York Times'' obituaries and 1930 Hollywood fanzines, to "strip-mine for dialogue for the lost films."<ref>Enright, Robert and Meeka Walsh. "A Constellation of Narratives: Dreaming the History of Lost Cinema: an interview with Guy Maddin." ''Border Crossings'' 123 (2012).</ref>

===Montreal=== The following works were refilmed at Centre PHI, Montreal, July 7–20, 2013.<ref name=Woods/><ref name="Dunlevy">{{cite news|url=https://montrealgazette.com/entertainment/Maddin+recreating+lost+films+silent+Seances+project/8617667/story.html|title=Guy Maddin recreating lost films of the silent era|last=Dunlevy|first=T'cha|work=Montreal Gazette|publisher=4 July 2013|accessdate=9 July 2013}}</ref> {{inc-film|date=October 2021}} * ''Saint, Devil and Woman'' (Frederick Sullivan, 1916) * ''Tokyo’s Ginza District'' (Tsunekichi Shibata, 1898, Japan) * ''Gabriele, the Lamplighter of the Harbour'' (Elvira Notari, 1919, Italy) * ''Der Janus-kopf'' (F.W. Murnau, 1920, Germany) * ''Women Skeletons'' (Guan Heifeng, 1922, China) * ''Scout Day'' (Albert Tessier, 1929, Canada) * ''The Scorching Flame'' (1918, Armand Robin, Canada) * ''The Red Wolves'' (Joseph Roth) * ''Trumpet Island'' * ''The Forbidden Room'' * ''Drakula Halala'' * ''Dalagang Bukid''

==Recognition== In April 2017, ''Seances'' received a Webby Award nomination in the Art & Experimental/Film & Video category.<ref>{{cite news|title=Webby Awards: CBC's Missing & Murdered podcast, NFB's Seances vie for online prize|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/webby-nominees-2017-1.4054424|accessdate=6 April 2017|work=CBC News|date=4 April 2017|language=en}}</ref>

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== *{{Official website|http://seances.nfb.ca/}} *[https://phi-centre.com/en/events/id/Seances PHI Centre webpage for ''Seances''] *[http://blog.nfb.ca/blog/2013/06/25/guy-maddin-phi-centre-seances/ NFB blog item on ''Seances''] *{{IMDb title|2355198}} {{Guy Maddin}} {{NFB interactive works}}

Category:Films directed by Guy Maddin Category:National Film Board of Canada films Category:Lost Canadian films Category:Canadian silent short films Category:Films shot in Paris Category:Films shot in Montreal Category:Interactive films Category:Algorithmic art Category:Films produced by David Christensen Category:Canadian avant-garde and experimental short films