{{Short description|Ukrainian unmanned surface vehicle}} {{Use mdy dates|date=December 2024}} {{Infobox weapon | name = Sea Baby | image = Sea Baby unmanned surface vehicle undertaking sea trials.webm | image_size = 300 | alt = SBU footage of a Sea Baby USV undertaking sea trials in January 2024 | caption = SBU footage of a Sea Baby USV undertaking sea trials in January 2024 | type = Unmanned surface vehicle | origin = Ukraine | used_by = Security Service of Ukraine in conjunction with the 385th USV Brigade | wars = Russo-Ukrainian War | production_date = 2023-present | is_vehicle = yes | length = {{cvt|6|m|ft}}<ref name="hisutton">{{cite web |url=http://www.hisutton.com/Russia-Ukraine-USVs-2024.html |title= Overview Of Maritime Drones (USVs) Of The Russo-Ukrainian War, 2022-24 |date=20 June 2025 |author=H I Sutton |website=www.hisutton.com |access-date=30 November 2025}} </ref> | width = {{cvt|2|m|ft}}<ref name="hisutton" /> | height = {{cvt|0.6|m|ft}} (above waterline)<ref name="hisutton" /> | unit_cost = 8.5 million hryvnias<ref name="fundr">{{cite web |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2024/02/23/7443439/ |title=Ukrainians donate nearly US$7.71 million in record two days for Sea Baby drones |first=Alona |last=Mazurenko |date=February 23, 2024 |website=Ukrainska Pravda |access-date=2025-11-30}}</ref> ({{Inflation|index=US|value={{Formatnum:{{ToUSD|8500000|UKR|year=2023}}}}|start_year=2023|r=0|fmt=eq}}) | vehicle_range = at least {{convert|1000|km|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2024/03/6/7445248/ |title=Ukraine's Security Service shows testing of new surface drone called Avdiivka – video, photo |author=Valentyna Romanenko |date=March 6, 2024 |website=Ukrainska Pravda |access-date=2025-11-30}}</ref> | speed = {{convert|90|km/h|abbr=on}}<ref name="fundr" /> | primary_armament = Explosive warhead (up to {{convert|850|kg}}) or 6 × {{ill|RPV-16|uk|РПВ-16}} thermobaric grenade launchers }}
The '''Sea Baby''' ({{langx|uk|Морський малюк}}{{NoteTag|The name ''Sea Baby''—{{langx|uk|Морський малюк|label=none}} (Mors'kyi malyuk) in Ukrainian—is a play on words referring to the Head of the Security Service of Ukraine at the time, Vasyl Malyuk. In Ukrainian, {{lang|uk|malyuk}} means 'baby'.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2023/08/16/7415775/|title=Security Service Head reveals where unique Ukrainian Sea Baby drones are assembled|first=Alona |last=Mazurenko|date=August 16, 2023|website=Ukrainska Pravda |access-date=30 November 2025}}</ref>}}) is a multipurpose unmanned surface vehicle (USV) developed for use by the Security Service of Ukraine (SBU) during the Russian invasion of Ukraine (2022 to present). It is able to carry an explosive payload for use in self-destruct attacks, or equipped for more specialised uses, for instance to strike static targets such as ships docked in ports, or to lay mines.
Early models of the Sea Baby were designed in July 2022. Models from late 2023 used redundant communications systems and carried explosive warheads up to {{convert|850|kg}}. It was inducted into the 385th USV Brigade in August 2023. In January 2024 the SBU revealed a version of the Sea Baby equipped with thermobaric launchers.
In July 2023, two Sea Baby USVs struck the Crimean Bridge. Other attacks by Sea Baby USVs include a claimed strike on the corvette ''Samum'' in September 2023, damage to the ''Pavel Derzhavin'' the following month, a strike on the ''Vladimir Kozitsky'' in December 2023, and an attack on Crimea in December 2024. On 28 November 2025, Sea Baby USVs were used to attack Russian shadow fleet ships in the Black Sea. In December 2025, the SBU claimed a Kilo-class submarine in the Port of Novorossiysk was struck by an unmanned underwater vehicle dubbed the {{Ill|Sub Sea Baby|uk}}.
==Background== One of the first examples of an attack by an unmanned boat happened in 2020, when a Saudi frigate was bombed by the Houthi rebels using a surface craft loaded with explosives.<ref name="Lag">{{cite news |last1=Lagrone |first1=Sam |title=Navy: Saudi Frigate Attacked by Unmanned Bomb Boat, Likely Iranian |url=https://news.usni.org/2017/02/20/navy-saudi-frigate-attacked-unmanned-bomb-boat-likely-iranian |access-date=1 March 2026 |work=USNI News |publisher=U.S. Naval Institute |date=20 February 2017}}</ref> Before the end of the first year of the Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present), the Ukrainian military was conducting surprise attacks upon the Russian Black Sea Fleet using USVs.<ref name="Ozb">{{cite news |last1=Ozberk |first1=Tayfun |title=Analysis: Ukraine strikes with Kamikaze USVs – Russian bases are not safe anymore |url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2022/10/analysis-ukraine-strikes-with-kamikaze-usvs-russian-bases-are-not-safe-anymore/ |access-date=1 March 2026 |work=Naval News |date=30 October 2022}}</ref>
The Russo-Ukrainian war has been described by scholars as the first "drone war", due to the large scale and high intensity of attacks by drones, and the role of this experience in changing the tactics of modern conventional warfare.{{sfn|Bendett|Nersisyan |2024|pages=168{{ndash}}194}}<ref name="Dev">{{cite journal |last=DeVore |first=Marc R. |date=2023|title="No end of a lesson:" observations from the first high-intensity drone war |journal=Defense & Security Analysis |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=263{{ndash}}266 |doi=10.1080/14751798.2023.2178571 |issn=1475-1798 |doi-access=|hdl=10023/27488 |hdl-access=}}</ref><ref name="Kun">{{cite journal |last=Kunertova |first=Dominika |date=2023|title=The war in Ukraine shows the game-changing effect of drones depends on the game |journal=Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists |volume=79 |issue=2 |pages=95{{ndash}}102 |doi=10.1080/00963402.2023.2178180 |bibcode=2023BuAtS..79b..95K |issn=0096-3402 |doi-access=|hdl=20.500.11850/606858 |hdl-access=}}</ref> Ukraine became the first country to create a military branch exclusively dedicated to drone warfare—the Unmanned Systems Forces<ref name="ABC1">{{cite web |date=12 June 2024|title=As Ukraine focuses on drone warfare, its military creates new Unmanned Systems Forces branch|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/ukraine-focuses-drone-warfare-military-creates-new-unmanned/story?id=111046806|access-date=1 March 2026 |website=ABC News|language=|archive-date=23 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240823002322/https://abcnews.go.com/International/ukraine-focuses-drone-warfare-military-creates-new-unmanned/story?id=111046806|url-status=live}}</ref>—in June 2024, with Russia following soon with its own Unmanned Systems Forces in November 2025.<ref name="Tas1">{{cite news |title=Russia establishes Unmanned Systems Forces|url=https://tass.com/defense/2042371|access-date=1 March 2026 |work=TASS|date=12 November 2025}}</ref> The war has demonstrated how drones have disrupted traditional military doctrines in a manner similar to how gunpowder revolutionized warfare, making them a "decisive" factor in all future conflicts.<ref name="PorBak">{{cite news |last1=Porter |first1=Tom |last2=Baker |first2=Sinéad |title=Drones are the future of warfare, like gunpowder was in the 1300s, defense minister says |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/drones-future-warfare-like-gunpowder-once-was-ukraine-russia-belgium-2025-5#:~:text=Belgium's%20defense%20minister%20said%20drones,2024%2C%20Latvian%20broadcaster%20LVM%20reported. |access-date=1 March 2026 |work=Business Insider |date=28 May 2025}}</ref>
== Development == The Security Service of Ukraine (SBU) brigadier general {{ill|Ivan V. Lukashevych|uk|Лукашевич Іван Володимирович}} proposed the idea of the agency operating unmanned surface vehicles (or USVs). Early USV models were designed in July 2022 in collaboration with specialists from the Ukrainian Navy and assorted private companies. Later, the SBU decided to develop drones independently, culminating in the Sea Baby design for their own use. What eventually became the MAGURA V5 was later operated by the Main Directorate of Intelligence (GUR).<ref name="jan1pravda">{{cite web|url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/articles/2024/01/1/7435326/|title=Sea drones, Elon Musk, and high-precision missiles: How Ukraine dominates in the Black Sea|first=Roman |last=Romaniuk|date=January 1, 2024|website=Ukrainska Pravda|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240102210426/https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/articles/2024/01/1/7435326/|archive-date=January 2, 2024|url-status=live}}</ref> While the GUR's smaller and more manoeuvrable MAGURA V5 is used designed primarily for striking warships out at sea, the SBU developed the Sea Baby with a payload designed primarily to strike static targets such as ships docked in port.<ref name="march4pravda">{{cite web |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/articles/2024/03/4/7444793/ |title=Target and eliminate: How Ukraine's Magura drones devastate Russian ships |author=Roman Romaniuk |date=March 4, 2024 |website=Ukrainska Pravda|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240305140406/https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/articles/2024/03/4/7444793/ |archive-date=March 5, 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref>
Models of the Sea Baby from late 2023 used several redundant communications systems and carried explosive warheads up to {{convert|850|kg}}, compared to the {{convert|108|kg}} payloads of earlier models.<ref name="jan1pravda" /> Multiple redundant communications systems were used to avoid repeating an incident wherein Starlink-dependent USVs were left stranded during a mission to strike the Russian frigate ''Admiral Makarov'' docked at Sevastopol, after connectivity to Starlink in Crimea was declined by the businessman Elon Musk.<ref name="jan1pravda" /> By the end of year, the Sea Baby had transformed from a self-destroying attack vehicle to a multipurpose platform capable of carrying different loadouts for various tasks, with examples including guided missile launchers and laser guidance systems. In January 2024 the SBU revealed a version of the Sea Baby equipped with six thermobaric launchers based on the {{ill|RPV-16|uk|РПВ-16}} design.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mil.in.ua/uk/articles/raketni-drony-moskity-novyj-gravets-u-chornomu-mori/|script-title=uk:Українські морські дрони: після камікадзе – носій ракет |trans-title=Ukrainian naval drones: after kamikaze – missile carrier |first=Roman |last=Prykhodko|date=January 3, 2024|website=Ukrainian Military Center|language=uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240210222143/https://mil.in.ua/uk/articles/raketni-drony-moskity-novyj-gravets-u-chornomu-mori/|archive-date=February 10, 2024|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://mil.co.ua/ukrayinski-morski-bezpilotnyky-obladnaly-reaktyvnymy-vognemetamy-video/|script-title=uk:Українські морські безпілотники обладнали реактивними вогнеметами (Фото, відео) |trans-title=Ukrainian naval drones equipped with jet flamethrowers (Photo, video) |date=January 1, 2024 |website=Military Courier Ukraine|language=uk}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.slovoidilo.ua/2024/01/01/novyna/suspilstvo/rozrobnyky-rozpovily-yak-posylyly-morski-drony-sea-baby-borotby-rf|script-title=uk:Розробники розповіли, як посилили морські дрони Sea Baby для боротьби з рф |trans-title=Developers told how they strengthened Sea Baby naval drones to fight the Russian Federation |date=January 1, 2024 |website=Слово і Діло |language=uk}}</ref>
== Operational history == ===USV attacks=== The Sea Baby poster released on 16 August 2023|thumb The MAGURA V5 and Sea Baby were inducted into the 385th USV Brigade after its formation as the world's first USV unit in August 2023, although their operatives were still GUR and SBU.<ref>{{Cite web|title=World's First Specialized Explosive Naval Drone Unit Formed In Ukraine|url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2023/08/worlds-first-specialized-explosive-naval-drone-unit-formed-in-ukraine/|website=Naval News|date=2023-08-31|access-date=2023-09-01|language=en-US|first=H. I.|last=Sutton|archive-date=2023-08-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230831123117/https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2023/08/worlds-first-specialized-explosive-naval-drone-unit-formed-in-ukraine/}}</ref>
On 17 July 2023, two Sea Baby USVs struck the Crimean Bridge, causing damage to the abutment and bridge span.<ref name="jan1pravda" /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://mil.in.ua/uk/news/sbu-pokazala-video-urazhennya-krymskogo-mostu-dronamy-seababy/|script-title=uk:СБУ показала відео ураження Кримського мосту дронами SeaBaby |trans-title=SBU showed video of the destruction of the Crimean bridge by SeaBaby drones |date=November 25, 2023 |website=Ukrainian Military Center |language=uk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240108162421/https://mil.in.ua/uk/news/sbu-pokazala-video-urazhennya-krymskogo-mostu-dronamy-seababy/ |archive-date=January 8, 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> The bridge sustained partial damage that temporarily restricted the use of the road section. Following the attack, the SBU showed the device that was used, and revealed its name. In an interview with ''CNN'', Vasyl Malyuk, the Head of the Security Service of Ukraine, stated: "Marine surface drones are a unique development of the Security Service of Ukraine. No private company was involved in this. With the help of these drones, we recently successfully destroyed the Crimean bridge, the large landing ship ''Olenegorsky Gornyak'' and the tanker ''SIG''."<ref name="BBC1">{{cite news |title="Sea Baby". What is known about the drone used by the SBU to hit the Crimean bridge and fleet - CNN |url=https://www.bbc.com/ukrainian/news-66518479 |access-date=1 March 2026 |work=BBC News Ukraine |date=16 August 2023 |ref=}}</ref>
On 14 September the SBU claimed that it struck Russian corvette ''Samum'' using a Sea Baby;<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2023/09/15/7419986/ |title=Ukrainian SeaBaby drone hits Russian Samum missile warship in Black Sea |date=September 15, 2023 |website=Ukrainska Pravda |access-date=30 November 2025}}</ref> a video showed the ship visibly listing as it was being towed,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2023/09/16/7420098/ |title=Images of Russian Samum ship being towed are published on Internet |author=Valentyna Romanenko |date=September 16, 2023 |website=Ukrainska Pravda |access-date=30 November 2025}}</ref> as had been the Russian landing ship ''Olenegorsky Gornyak'' after being struck by a Sea Baby off the coast of Novorossiysk.<ref name="nv1">{{cite news |title=Новою «зіркою» українських операцій проти російських військових цілей став Морський малюк — надводний дрон Sea Baby, який розробила і вже декілька разів успішно застосувала Служба безпеки України. |url=https://nv.ua/ukr/ukraine/events/morskiy-malyuk-dron-sea-baby-foto-video-harakteristiki-ta-operaciji-sbu-novini-ukrajini-50346864.html#goog_rewarded |access-date=1 March 2026 |agency=Media-DK |date=17 August 2023 |ref=|language=uk |trans-title="Bridge Killer". Sea Baby naval drones - Ukraine's new move in the battle for the Black Sea: first facts and conclusions about the SBU's invention}}</ref> In October, the Russian patrol ship ''Pavel Derzhavin'' was damaged by a Sea Baby attack.<ref name="jan1pravda" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.radiosvoboda.org/a/news-poshkodzhennya-vms-pavel-derzhavyn-/32634105.html|script-title=uk:У ВМС підтвердили пошкодження російського корабля "Павел Державин" |trans-title=The Navy confirmed damage to the Russian ship "Pavel Derzhavin" |date=October 12, 2023 |website=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty |language=uk |access-date=30 November 2025}}</ref> Later in December, the reconnaissance and hydrographic ship ''Vladimir Kozitsky'' was struck by a Sea Baby.<ref name="jan1pravda" /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://ua.krymr.com/a/news-mozhlyvyi-pidryv-na-mini-katera-rf-vladimir-kozitskiy/32656631.html |script-title=uk:В Україні прокоментували можливий підрив на міні катера РФ "Владимир Козицкий" |trans-title=Ukraine commented on the possible explosion of the Russian mini-boat "Vladimir Kozitsky" |date=October 27, 2023 |website=Крым.Реалии |language=uk |access-date=30 November 2025}}</ref>
On 6 May 2024, Russia released footage of a Ka-29 helicopter using gunfire on a Sea Baby that was armed with an R-73 infrared missile to defend it from such an attack. One missile appeared to have been fired before it was destroyed by gunfire.<ref>{{cite news |first=Thomas |last=Newdick |title= Ukrainian Drone Boats Now Armed With Adapted Air-To-Air Missiles |url= https://www.twz.com/news-features/ukrainian-drone-boats-now-armed-with-adapted-air-to-air-missiles |website=TWZ |date=6 May 2024 |access-date=10 May 2024}}</ref> In December, Ukraine revealed that Sea Baby USVs modified with mounted machine guns had been used in an attack on Crimea. Video footage revealed the Sea Baby using these guns on Russian patrol boats and armed Mi-8 helicopters. The SBU claimed that the Sea Baby USVs were able to damage several helicopters and boats.<ref name="m829">{{cite web | last=Fornusek | first=Martin | title=SBU releases video of Sea Baby naval drones repelling Russian helicopter attack | website=The Kyiv Independent | date=2024-12-09 | url=https://kyivindependent.com/sbu-video-sea-baby-drones-crimea/ | access-date=2024-12-12}}</ref>
{{Quote box |quote = Ukraine’s deep strike campaign extends to the maritime domain through unmanned surface vehicles (USVs), notably the Magura and Sea Baby. These systems demonstrate sophisticated solutions for operating in E-W-heavy environments... The operational effectiveness of these EW-resilient systems is evidenced by the destruction of approximately one-third of Russia’s Black Sea Fleet, forcing the fleet to withdraw from Sevastopol to Novorossiysk. |author = Hague Centre for Strategic Studies (2026){{sfn|Sweijs|Tenenbaum|Feldhusen|Iven|<!-- Bekkers| -->2026|pp=9{{ndash}}16}} |source = |width = 33% |align = right }} In June 2024, it was reported by the ''Wall Street Journal'' that at least four Russian ships had suffered damage after hitting naval mines that had been laid by Sea Baby USVs off the coast of Crimea. The tactic by the Ukrainians was a response to the construction by the Russians of barriers that blocked the entrance to Sevastopol Bay to seaborne drones.<ref name="Mil1">{{cite news |title=Four Russian ships were damaged by remote mining from Ukrainian drones |url=https://mil.in.ua/en/news/four-russian-ships-were-damaged-by-remote-mining-from-ukrainian-drones/ |access-date=6 March 2026 |publisher=Militarnyi |date=24 June 2024 |ref=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240625074646/https://mil.in.ua/en/news/four-russian-ships-were-damaged-by-remote-mining-from-ukrainian-drones/ |archive-date=25 June 2024}}</ref>
On 28 November 2025, Sea Baby drones operating in the Black Sea were used to attack two oil tankers belonging to the Russian shadow fleet, {{ship|MT|Kairos}} and MT ''Virat'',<ref>{{Cite web |title=Украинские СМИ назвали подрыв двух танкеров «теневого флота» России у берегов Турции операцией СБУ |trans-title=Ukrainian media have described the bombing of two Russian "shadow fleet" tankers off the coast of Turkey as an SBU operation. |url=https://meduza.io/news/2025/11/29/ukrainskie-smi-nazvali-podryv-dvuh-tankerov-tenevogo-flota-rossii-u-beregov-turtsii-operatsiey-sbu |website=Meduza |access-date=2025-11-29 |language=ru}}</ref> {{convert|28|nmi}} and {{convert|38|nmi}} off the coast of Turkey respectively. According to the news website ''Meduza'', Ukraine was accused by the Russian government of "encroaching on Turkey's sovereignty".<ref name="Med1">{{cite news |title=Украина атаковала два танкера российского «теневого флота» у берегов Турции. Таких атак на таком расстоянии от границ РФ еще не было |url=https://meduza.io/feature/2025/12/01/ukraina-atakovala-dva-tankera-rossiyskogo-tenevogo-flota-u-beregov-turtsii-takih-atak-na-takom-rasstoyanii-ot-granits-rf-esche-ne-bylo |access-date=6 March 2026 |work=Meduza |date=1 December 2025 |language=ru |trans-title=Ukraine attacked two tankers belonging to the Russian "shadow fleet" off the coast of Turkey. Such attacks at such a distance from Russia's borders have never been seen before.}}</ref>
According to the Estonian {{Ill|International Centre for Defence and Security|et|Rahvusvaheline Kaitseuuringute Keskus}}, "Ukraine's advancements in maritime drone technology have forced the Russian Black Sea Fleet to shift its operational posture. With the loss of its traditional navy, Ukraine has used maritime drones to turn the tables and compel the Russian fleet to retreat to the eastern Black Sea: the Russian fleet now avoids the western Black Sea entirely."<ref name="Int1">{{cite web |last1=Samus |first1=Mykailo |title=Russia’s War in Ukraine: Drone-Centric Warfare |url=https://icds.ee/en/russias-war-in-ukraine-drone-centric-warfare/ |publisher=International Centre for Defence and Security |access-date=6 March 2026 |date=15 January 2025}}</ref>
===Sub Sea Baby=== [[File:Момент ураження підводного човна проєкту «Варшавянка».png|thumb|The moment of the strike on the Kilo-class submarine at Novorossiysk in December 2025]]
In December 2025, the SBU published a video showing an explosion involving a Kilo-class submarine in the Port of Novorossiysk. The SBU claimed that the submarine was struck by a {{Ill|Sub Sea Baby|uk}} drone<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mukhina |first=Olena |date=2025-12-15 |title=For first time in history, Sub Sea Baby drones sink $400 million Russian submarine that terrorized Ukrainian cities (VIDEO) |url=https://euromaidanpress.com/2025/12/15/for-first-time-ukraines-advanced-underwater-drones-sink-400-million-russian-submarine-that-terrorized-ukrainian-cities/ |access-date=2025-12-15 |website=Euromaidan Press |language=en-US}}</ref>—a type that operates completely submerged, like a torpedo. The Russian Ministry of Defense claimed no ships were damaged.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Frederik Van Lokeren |date=2025-12-16 |title=Ukraine strikes Russian submarine with ‘Sub Sea Baby’ drone |url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2025/12/ukraine-strikes-russian-submarine-with-sub-sea-baby-drone/ |access-date=2025-12-16 |website=Naval News |language=en-US}}</ref> The target has been identified as the ''Kolpino'' by at least one OSINT source.<ref name="Mil3">{{cite news |title=OSINT by Paint: Submarine Struck by Ukrainian Underwater Drone Identified as B-271 Kolpino |url=https://militarnyi.com/en/news/osint-by-paint-submarine-struck-by-ukrainian-underwater-drone-identified-as-b-271-kolpino/ |access-date=6 March 2026 |work=Militarnyi |date=17 December 2025}}</ref> The UK Ministry of Defence considered it highly likely that the attacked submarine was the B-271 ''Kolpino''. The ministry noted that as of 18 December the submarine was docked where it was attacked, and considered it likely that it had been seriously damaged, leaving it immobilised.<ref name="UKMoD-20251220">{{cite tweet|author-link= Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom) |user= DefenceHQ |number= 2002288007110430949 |title= Latest Defence Intelligence update on the situation in Ukraine - 20 December 2025}}</ref><!-- Official UK government source -->
If confirmed, it would be a "landmark moment in naval warfare", the first time an uncrewed underwater vehicle has successfully carried out an attack on a submarine.<ref name="Tho">{{cite news |last1=Thomas |first1=Richard |title=Ukraine claims world-first underwater drone strike on Russian submarine |url=https://www.naval-technology.com/news/ukraine-claims-world-first-underwater-drone-strike-on-russian-submarine/?cf-view&cf-closed |access-date=6 March 2026 |work=Naval Technology |publisher=GlobalData |date=16 December 2025}}</ref>
== Notes == {{NoteFoot}}
== References == {{reflist}}
==Sources== * {{cite book |last1=Bendett |first1=Samuel |title=The Air War in Ukraine |last2=Nersisyan |first2=Leonid |date=2024|publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-003-45412-0 |location=London |chapter=The drone war over Ukraine |doi=10.4324/9781003454120-8|url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003454120-8/drone-war-ukraine-samuel-bendett-leonid-nersisyan|url-access=subscription}} * {{cite book |last1=Sweijs |first1=Tim |last2=Tenenbaum |first2=Elie |last3=Feldhusen |first3=Jan |last4=Iven |first4=Markus |last5=Bekkers |first5=Frank |title=Lessons from the Jungle for the Zoo: Support Ukraine, Help Ourselves: Key Findings Ukraine Visit |date=2026 |publisher=Hague Centre for Strategic Studies |page=|chapter=The Rear and Deep Area |url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep78273.6.}}
==Further reading== * {{cite news |last1=Axe |first1=David |title=Sea Drone Seek Air Dominance Too |url=https://archive.org/details/warships-international-fleet-review-victory-in-europe-80th-anniversary/Warships%20International%20Fleet%20Review%20-%2008%20-%20August%202025/page/n36/mode/1up?q=%22sea+baby%22 |work=Warships International Fleet Review - Year 2025 |publisher=Sundial Magazines Ltd |date=2025 |ref=none |location=London |page=35}} * {{cite news |last1=Blackburn |first1=Gavin |title=Ukraine unveils upgraded 'Sea Baby' drone it says can strike anywhere in the Black Sea |url=https://www.euronews.com/2025/10/23/ukraine-unveils-upgraded-sea-baby-drone-it-says-can-strike-anywhere-in-the-black-sea |access-date=1 March 2026 |work=Euro News |date=23 October 2025 |ref=none}} * {{cite journal |last1=Clark |first1=Janine Natalya |title=Drones and war: Neglected environmental impacts and the potentiality of drone conservation |journal=Environment and Security |date=2026 |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/27538796261419549 |ref=none |publisher=SAGE Publications}} * {{cite book |last1=Kreps |first1=Sarah E. |last2=Rogers |first2=James Patton |title=Drones: What Everyone Needs to Know |date=2025 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780197795668 |edition=2nd |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Drones/bhGHEQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0 |ref=none}} * {{cite news |last1=Petriv |first1=Liubava |last2=Frolova |first2=Tetiana |title=Ukraine Denies Loss of Sea Baby Maritime Drones, Rejects Claims of Entering Romanian Waters |url=https://united24media.com/latest-news/ukraine-denies-loss-of-sea-baby-maritime-drones-rejects-claims-of-entering-romanian-waters-13994 |access-date=1 March 2026 |agency=United24 Media |date=2 January 2026 |ref=none}} * {{cite web |last1=Porter |first1=Tom |title=A Ukrainian floating drone that is devastating Russia's Black Sea fleet can now fire missiles |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/ukraine-sea-baby-drone-devastating-russia-fleet-black-sea-missiles-2024-1 |website=Business Insider |access-date=1 March 2026 |ref=none}} * {{cite news |last1=Van Lokeren |first1=Frederik |title=Ukraine strikes Russian submarine with ‘Sub Sea Baby’ drone |url=https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2025/12/ukraine-strikes-russian-submarine-with-sub-sea-baby-drone/ |access-date=1 March 2026 |work=Naval News |date=16 December 2025 |ref=none}}
==External links== {{commons}} * [https://ssu.gov.ua/novyny/sbu-vrazyla-pidvodnyi-choven-rf-u-novorosiisku-video Video and report on the 2025 Sub Sea Baby attack at Novorossiysk] from the SBU official website
Category:Autonomous ships Category:Ships of the Ukrainian Navy Category:Ukrainian inventions Category:Unmanned surface vehicles Category:Unmanned underwater vehicles