Schwiebea

{{Short description|Genus of mites}} {{Automatic_taxobox | taxon = Schwiebea | authority = Oudemans, 1916 }}

'''''Schwiebea''''' is a genus of mites in the family Acaridae.<ref>{{cite web |editor=Barry O'Connor |url=http://insects.tamu.edu/research/collection/hallan/Acari/Family/Acaridae.txt |title=Acaridae Species Listing |work=Biology Catalog |publisher=Texas A&M University |year=2008 |access-date=July 26, 2010}}</ref> It is among the largest in the family with over 60 species.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Okabe |first1=Kimiko |last2=OConnor |first2=Barry M. |date=2000 |title=Morphometric and systematic analyses of populations of the Schwiebea barbei - group (acari: acaridae) with particular reference to populations from North America and Japan |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01647950008684176 |journal=International Journal of Acarology |language=en |volume=26 |issue=2 |pages=115–126 |doi=10.1080/01647950008684176 |s2cid=83624626 |issn=0164-7954|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

== Description == Adults of ''Schwiebea'' are distinguished from other mites by: the absence of many setae, the reduction of supracoxal seta of leg I to a tiny spine, and the absence of Grandjean's organ. Additionally, the propodosomal sclerite has a posterior indentation/incision for up to 50% of its length. Females have a spermatheca (organ for receiving and storing sperm) and its morphology is important for distinguishing species.<ref name=":0" />

== Habitat == ''Schwiebea'' have been collected from various habitats including vegetation (clover roots, a verbena field, peony rose, ''Gerbera'' roots, yams, taro seeds), leaf litter, peat moss, caves, insect rearing containers and even some aquatic environments (fish farms, aquariums, swimming pools).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Okabe |first1=Kimiko |last2=Hinomoto |first2=Norihide |last3=OConnor |first3=Barry M. |date=2008 |title=Ecological and morphological attributes of parthenogenetic Japanese Schwiebea species (Acari: Acaridae) |url=http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10493-008-9140-3 |journal=Experimental and Applied Acarology |language=en |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=77–88 |doi=10.1007/s10493-008-9140-3 |pmid=18347918 |s2cid=26034686 |issn=0168-8162|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Some species attach phoretically to arthropods such as bark beetles,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Pernek |first1=Milan |last2=Wirth |first2=Stefan |last3=Blomquist |first3=Stacy |last4=Avtzis |first4=Dimitrios |last5=Moser |first5=John |date=2012-02-01 |title=New associations of phoretic mites on Pityokteines curvidens (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) |journal=Open Life Sciences |language=en |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=63–68 |doi=10.2478/s11535-011-0096-7 |s2cid=601227 |issn=2391-5412|doi-access=free }}</ref> millipedes<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Farfan |first1=Monica |last2=Klompen |first2=Hans |date=2012-06-05 |title=Phoretic mite associates of millipedes (Diplopoda, Julidae) in the northern Atlantic region (North America, Europe) |url=http://ijm.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=1919 |journal=International Journal of Myriapodology |volume=7 |pages=69–91 |doi=10.3897/ijm.7.3064 |issn=1875-2543 |doi-access=free }}</ref> and ticks.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Hutcheson |first1=H. Joel |last2=Mertins |first2=James W. |last3=Larson |first3=Scott R. |last4=Paskewitz |first4=Susan |date=2015 |title=Acarine Hypopi (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae) on Ixodes scapularis (Ixodida: Ixodidae) in Central North America: Fig. 1. |journal=Journal of Medical Entomology |language=en |volume=52 |issue=5 |pages=837–841 |doi=10.1093/jme/tjv085 |pmid=26336225 |issn=0022-2585|doi-access=free }}</ref>

== Reproduction == Some species of ''Schwiebea'' are all-female and reproduce by parthenogenesis, while others use sexual reproduction.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Parthenogenesis is thought to have evolved at least three times within the genus.<ref name=":1" />

== Pest status == One species, ''S. similis'', is a pest of American ginseng in China. A scientific study found it can also feed on other crops to varying extents, including garlic, potato and Chinese yam.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Guo |first1=S. |last2=Zhao |first2=L. |last3=Lan |first3=A. |date=2016 |title=Feeding and Reproductive Choices of Schwiebea similis (Acari: Acaridae) on Nine Crops |url=http://nxxb.caass.org.cn/EN/abstract/abstract24737.shtml |journal=Journal of Agriculture |volume=6 |issue=8 |pages=23–28}}</ref>

==Species== * ''Schwiebea afroaustralis'' Mahunka, 1979 * ''Schwiebea aksuensis'' Bugrov, 1995 * ''Schwiebea aquatilis'' Fain, 1982 * ''Schwiebea armata'' (Mahunka, 1979) * ''Schwiebea capitata'' (Mahunka, 1979) * ''Schwiebea cavernicola'' Vitzthum, 1932 * ''Schwiebea cavicola'' Mahunka, 1978 * ''Schwiebea cepa'' Karg, 1987 * ''Schwiebea codognoensis'' Fain & Pagani, 1989 * ''Schwiebea coniferae'' (Sevastianov & Tamam-Nasem-Marros, 1993) * ''Schwiebea cuncta'' Ho, 1993 * ''Schwiebea danielopoli'' Fain, 1982 * ''Schwiebea elongata'' (Banks, 1906) * ''Schwiebea estradai'' Fain & Ferrando, 1991 * ''Schwiebea eurynymphae'' (Oudemans, 1911) * ''Schwiebea hibernica'' Purvis & Evans, 1982 * ''Schwiebea italica'' Oudemans, 1924 * ''Schwiebea jiangxiensis'' Jiang, 1995 * ''Schwiebea koerneri'' Turk & Turk, 1957 * ''Schwiebea kurilensis'' Bugrov, 1995 * ''Schwiebea laphriae'' (Samsinak, 1956) * ''Schwiebea longibursata'' Fain & Wauthy, 1979 * ''Schwiebea montana'' Bugrov, 1995 * ''Schwiebea neomycolicha'' Klimov, 1998 * ''Schwiebea nesbitti'' Turk & Turk, 1957 * ''Schwiebea nova'' (Oudemans, 1906) * ''Schwiebea obesa'' Fain & Fauvel, 1988 * ''Schwiebea piceae'' Bugrov, 1995 * ''Schwiebea podicis'' (Ashfaq & Chaudhri, 1986) * ''Schwiebea ruienensis'' Fain & Wauthy, 1979 * ''Schwiebea sakhalinensis'' Bugrov, 1995 * ''Schwiebea similis'' (Manson, 1972) * ''Schwiebea subterranea'' Fain, 1982 * ''Schwiebea taiwanensis'' Ho, 1993 * ''Schwiebea talpa'' Oudemans, 1916 * ''Schwiebea tuzkoliensis'' Bugrov, 1995 * ''Schwiebea ulmi'' Jacot, 1936 * ''Schwiebea zhangzhouensis'' Lin-Zhonghua & Lin-Baoshu, 2000

==References== {{Reflist}}

Category:Acaridae Category:Taxa named by Anthonie Cornelis Oudemans