{{Infobox settlement | name = Schandorf | native_name = Čemba | settlement_type = Municipality<!-- Images --> | image_skyline = Schandorf_-_Panorama_view_(01).jpg | imagesize = | image_caption = Schandorf panoramic view | image_shield = AUT Schandorf COA.png | shield_size = | shield_link = <!-- Maps --> | pushpin_map = Austria#Austria Burgenland | pushpin_mapsize = 270 | pushpin_map_caption = Location within Austria##Location within Burgenland | pushpin_label_position = left | image_map = Schandorf im Bezirk OW.png | mapsize = | map_alt = | map_caption = Location within Oberwart district <!-- Location -->| coordinates = {{coord|47|15|N|16|25|E|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Austria | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = Burgenland | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = Oberwart | parts_type = | parts_style = para | p1 = <!-- Leaders --> | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Josef Csencsics | leader_party = | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = <!-- Statistics --> | area_footnotes = {{Austria population Wikidata|area_footnotes}} | area_total_km2 = {{Austria population Wikidata|area_total_km2}} | area_metro_km2 = | elevation_m = 260 | elevation_max_m = | elevation_min_m = | population_as_of = {{Austria population Wikidata|population_as_of}} | population_footnotes = {{Austria population Wikidata|population_footnotes}} | population_total = {{Austria population Wikidata|population_total}} | population_urban = | population_metro = | population_note = | population_density_km2 = auto | established_title = | established_date = | timezone = CET | timezone_DST = CEST | utc_offset = +1 | utc_offset_DST = +2 | registration_plate = | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 7472 | area_code_type = Area code | area_code = | website = [http://www.schandorf.at www.schandorf.at] | footnotes = }}
'''Schandorf''' ({{langx|hr|Čemba}}, {{langx|hu|Csém}}) is a village in the district of Oberwart in Burgenland in southeastern Austria.
== History == The earliest record of the village's existence dates to 1244.<ref> "Geschichte" ("History"), Schandorf.at, 2010, web: [http://www.schandorf.at/home/geschichte.html SDhist] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090512122517/http://www.schandorf.at/home/geschichte.html |date=2009-05-12 }}. </ref> In the first half of the 16th century, the region was devastated by attacking Turkish troops, and villages were depopulated. The Hungarian magnate Franz Batthyány arranged for Schandorf and other villages to be repopulated by immigrants from Croatia, and for centuries, the village was an island of Croatian language and culture, surrounded by speakers of Hungarian and German. A dialect of Croatian unique to the village gradually evolved, rich in loanword vocabulary from Hungarian. With ever-increasing outmigration and cosmopolitan influence of German, this dialect is today endangered.<ref> "Kroaten", Schandorf.at, 2010, web: [http://www.schandorf.at/home/kroaten.html SD-kr] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090512000632/http://www.schandorf.at/home/kroaten.html |date=2009-05-12 }} </ref>
For centuries the village was part of Hungary. Following the First World War, with the breakup of the old Austrian Empire, the division of the land between the new nation states of Austria and Hungary was accompanied by turmoil; for details, see "Burgenland". The final establishment of the boundary in 1921 had the unfortunate effect of separating Schandorf from nearby Croatian-speaking communities, which remained part of Hungary.<ref name=ur/> The separation became extreme after the Second World War, when the Iron Curtain descended blocking almost all passage across the border. This would have been a particularly salient fact of life for residents of Schandorf, whose outskirts lie only about {{convert|400|m|ft|-1}} from Hungarian territory.<ref>Source: Google maps</ref>
Schandorf has not prospered in recent times; lack of economic opportunity has led to outmigration, particularly to the United States and Canada.<ref name="ur"> "Urspruenge", Schandorf.at, 2010, web: [http://www.schandorf.at/home/geschichte/urspruenge.html SD-ur]{{dead link|date=May 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. </ref> Between 1900 and 2005 the population declined from 720 to 297.<ref name=ur/> Municipal government was suspended in 1972, but restored in 1996.<ref name=ur/>
== Population == {{Historical populations |align=left |1869|641 |1880|697 |1890|670 |1900|724 |1910|719 |1923|638 |1934|624 |1939|562 |1951|536 |1961|448 |1971|409 |1981|392 |1991|342 |2001|310 |2011|299 }}
== Culture == Schandorf is the home of a tamburrizza orchestra, a reflection of its Croatian ethnic heritage. (The tamburizza is a traditional folk instrument, widely played in Croatia.) The orchestra performs frequently, often outside the village.<ref> "Tamburizza", Schandorf.at, 2010, web: [http://www.schandorf.at/vereinswesen/tamburizza.html SD-verein] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090629083352/http://www.schandorf.at/vereinswesen/tamburizza.html |date=2009-06-29 }}</ref>
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== References == {{Reflist}}
== External links == * [http://www.schandorf.at www.schandorf.at] - town website (in German/Croatian)
{{Oberwart}}
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Category:Cities and towns in Oberwart District Category:Croatian diaspora Category:Ethnic enclaves in Austria
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