{{short description|Indian Muslim Scholar}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Sayyid Muhammad Abid | office1 = 1st [[List of Mohtamims of Darul Uloom Deoband|Vice Chancellor of Darul Uloom Deoband]] | predecessor1 = "office established" | successor1 = [[Rafiuddin Deobandi]] | term_start1 = 1866 | term_end1 = 1867 | office2 = 3rd Vice Chancellor of Darul Uloom Deoband | predecessor2 = [[Rafiuddin Deobandi]] | successor2 = [[Rafiuddin Deobandi]] | term_start2 = 1869 | term_end2 = 1871 | office3 = 5th Vice Chancellor of Darul Uloom Deoband | predecessor3 = [[Rafiuddin Deobandi]] | successor3 = [[Fazl-e-Haque Deobandi]] | term_start3 = 1890 | term_end3 = 1892 | module2 = {{Infobox religious biography | embed = yes |birth_date = 1834 |birth_place = [[Deoband]], [[Mughal India]] |death_date = {{death year and age|1912|1834}} |death_place = Deoband, British India |citizenship = [[Mughal Empire]] (1834 – 1857) <br>[[British India]] (1857 – 1912) | religion = [[Islam]] | denomination = [[Sunni Islam]] | Maddhab = [[Hanafi]] | school_tradition = [[Maturidi]] |disciple_of = [[Imdadullah Muhajir Makki]] and Karim Bakhsh Rampuri |disciples= [[Aziz-ur-Rahman Usmani]] |founder = [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] |notable_works = [[Foundation of Darul Uloom Deoband]] }} }} '''Sayyid Muhammad Abid''' (also known as '''Hāji Abid Hussain''') (1834–1912) was an Indian Muslim scholar who co-founded [[Darul Uloom Deoband]]. He was the [[List of Mohtamims of Darul Uloom Deoband|Vice Chancellor of Darul Uloom Deoband]] for three times.
==Early life and education== Abid Hussain was born in 1834 in [[Deoband]], [[Mughal India]], in a family having descendancy to [[Husayn ibn Ali|Hussain]] thorough [[Ja'far al-Sadiq]].<ref name="lineage">{{cite book |author1=Abd al-Hafeez Rahmani |title=Bāni-e-Darul Uloom Deoband awr Tārīkhi Haqāiq |publisher=Dār al-Kitab |location=Loharsan, [[Sant Kabir Nagar district|Sant Kabir Nagar]] |page=9 |language=Urdu}}</ref><ref name="asir">{{Cite book|title=Tazkirah Mashāhīr-e-Hind: Karwān-e-Rafta|author=[[Asir Adrawi]]|pages= 145|location=[[Deoband]]|publisher= Darul Muallifeen |language=Urdu |edition = 2 April 2016}}</ref>{{Sfn|Rizwi|1981|p=164}} Aged 7, he studied [[Quran]] and [[Persian language]] in [[Deoband]]. He went to [[Delhi]] for higher education. In the meantime, he had to return to Deoband because of his father's health issues. However, his father died a few days later which made him to discontinue his studies.<ref name="nawaz">{{cite book |author1=Ishtiyaq Ahmad Darbhangwi |editor1-last=Deobandi |editor1-first=Nawaz |editor1-link=Nawaz Deobandi |title=Sawaneh Ulama-e-Deoband |publisher=Nawaz Publications |location=[[Deoband]] |pages=218–247 |edition=January 2000 |language=Urdu |chapter=Shaykh-e-Tariqat Haji Sayyid Muhammad Abid Hussain}}</ref> He was authorized in [[Tasawwuf]] by [[Imdadullah Muhajir Makki]] and Karim Bakhsh Rampuri.{{Sfn|Rizwi|1981|p=164}}
==Career== Abid Hussain was one of the founding figures of [[Darul Uloom Deoband]].<ref name="asir1">{{cite book |author1=[[Asir Adrawi]] |title=Mawlana Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi: Hayāt awr Kārnāme |trans-title=Mawlāna Muhammad Qasim Nanautawi: Life and Works |publisher=Shaykhul Hind Academy |location=Darul Uloom Deoband |pages=132, 141 |edition=2015 |language=Urdu}}</ref> At first, he differed from the rest of the founding members about the separation of "madrasa" from the Jama Masjid, and opined that the "madrasa" should remain intact in the Jama Masjid.<ref name="miyan"/> He changed his opinion later<ref name="nawaz"/> and was the second person who laid the foundation of new building of Darul Uloom Deoband, after the first stone was laid by Miyanji Munne Shah.<ref name="miyan"/> The sale-deed of the land where the new building of Deoband seminary was constructed is named in his favor.<ref name="asir1" />
He served the Deoband seminary as vice chancellor for three times. First, from its inception in 1866 to 1867. The second time from 1869 to 1871 and the third time from 1890 to 1892.{{Sfn|Rizwi|1981|p=167}} He was also a member of the first governing body of Darul Uloom Deoband.<ref name="miyan"/>
==Death and legacy== Abid Hussain died in 1912 in Deoband.<ref name="asir" /> His disciples include [[Aziz-ur-Rahman Usmani]].<ref name="miyan">{{Cite book|title=Ulama-e-Haq Ke Mujahidana Karname |volume=1|author=[[Syed Muhammad Miyan Deobandi]]|language=Urdu|publisher=Faisal Publications|location=Deoband|pages=47, 52, 55}}</ref>
==References== ===Citations=== {{reflist}}
===Bibliography=== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book |last1=Rizwi |first1=Syed Mehboob |translator=Murtaz Husain F Quraishi |authorlink1=Syed Mehboob Rizwi |title= Tarikh Darul Uloom Deoband |trans-title= History of the Dar al-Ulum Deoband |volume = 2 |publisher=[[Darul Uloom Deoband]] |location=[[Deoband]] |date=1981}} {{refend}}
==External links== * {{Cite web|title=Muḥammad ʿĀbid Ḥusayn {{!}} Indian Muslim scholar|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Muhammad-Abid-Husayn|access-date=18 January 2021|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}} {{Darul Uloom Deoband}}
[[Category:Deobandis]] [[Category:1834 births]] [[Category:1912 deaths]] [[Category:Founders of Darul Uloom Deoband]] [[Category:Muhtamims of Darul Uloom Deoband]] [[Category:People from Deoband]] [[Category:Hanafis]] [[Category:Members of the Majlis-e-Shura of Darul Uloom Deoband]]