Satkhira District

{{Infobox settlement  | name = Satkhira District | native_name = সাতক্ষীরা জেলা | native_name_lang = bn | official_name = | type = [[Districts of Bangladesh|District of Bangladesh]] | image_skyline = {{Multiple image | border = infobox | total_width = 260 | caption_align = center | perrow = 1/2/1 |image1 = তেতুলিয়া জামে মসজিদ 03.jpg |image2 = Probajpur Sahi Mosque.jpg |image3 = FS Hospital Shyamnagar 2024 04.jpg |image4= সুন্দরবন,সাতক্ষীরা.jpg }} | imagesize = | image_alt = | image_caption = Clockwise from top: [[Tetulia Jami Mosque]], Shyamnagar Hospital, Probajpur Shahi Mosque, [[Sundarbans]] | image_flag = | image_seal = | image_shield = | nickname = | nicknames = | motto = The attraction of Satkhira is the Sundarbans by road. | mottoes = | image_map = BD Satkhira District locator map.svg | map_caption = Location of Satkhira District in Bangladesh | image_map1 = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|type=shape-inverse|frame-width=200|frame-height=220|stroke-width=1|zoom=7|frame-align=center|frame-lat=|frame-long=|title=Satkhira District}} | map_caption1 = Expandable map of Satkhira District | pushpin_map = | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Satkhira in Bangladesh | coordinates = {{coord|22.35|89.08|region:BD|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Bangladesh}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Divisions of Bangladesh|Division]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Khulna Division|Khulna]] | established_title = Sub District Established | established_date = {{Start date and age|df=y|1852|p=y}} | seat_type = Headquarters | seat = [[Satkhira-2]] | leader_party = | leader_title = Member of Parliament | leader_name = Vacant | leader_title1 = Deputy Commissioner | leader_name1 = [[Mustak Ahmed]] | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 3817.29 | area_metro_km2 = | area_note = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = <ref name="2022census" /> | population_total = 2196582 | population_as_of = [[2022 Bangladeshi census|2022]] | population_rank = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_demonyms = | population_note = | timezone1 = [[Bangladesh Standard Time|BST]] | utc_offset1 = +06:00 | postal_code_type = [[List of postal codes in Bangladesh|Postal code]] | postal_code = 9400 | website = | footnotes = | area_code = 0471 | iso_code = BD-58 | blank_name_sec1 = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2019) | blank_info_sec1 = 0.649<ref name="GlobalDataLab">{{Cite web |url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/ |title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database |website=Global Data Lab |language=en |access-date=18 March 2020}}</ref><br />{{color|#fc0|medium}} · [[List of regions of Bangladesh by Human Development Index|4th of 20]] | blank_name_sec2 = | blank_info_sec2 = | established_title1 = Established as District | established_date1 = {{Start date and age|df=y|1984|3|1|p=y}} }} '''Satkhira District''' ({{langx|bn|সাতক্ষীরা জেলা}}; {{lit|Seven cucumbers}}) is a district in southwestern [[Bangladesh]] and is part of [[Khulna Division]]. It lies along the border with [[West Bengal]], India. It is on the bank of the [[Arpangachhia River]]. The largest city and headquarters of this district is [[Satkhira]].<ref name=Banglapedia>{{Cite Banglapedia |article=Satkhira District}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Visit Satkhira District Portal. |url=http://satkhira.amardesh.com/ |access-date=29 June 2024 |website=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=District LGED |url=https://oldweb.lged.gov.bd/DistrictLGED.aspx?DistrictID=39 |access-date=29 June 2024 |website=}}</ref>

==Geography== Satkhira District has an area of {{convert|3817|km2}}. It is bordered to the north by [[Jessore District]], on the south by the [[Bay of Bengal]], to the east by [[Khulna District]], and to the west by [[North 24 Parganas district|North 24 Parganas]] and [[South 24 Parganas]] districts of [[West Bengal]], India.

The annual average maximum temperature reaches 35.5 °C (95.9 °F); minimum temperature is 12.5 °C (54.5 °F). The annual rainfall is 1710 mm (67 in).

The main rivers are the Kopotakhi river across Dorgapur union of [[Assasuni Upazila]], [[Morichap River]], [[Kholpetua River]], [[Betna River]], [[Raimangal River]], [[Hariabhanga river]], [[Ichamati River]], [[Betrabati River]] and [[Kalindi-Jamuna River]].

===Climate=== Tropical savanna climates have a monthly mean temperature above 18 °C (64 °F) in every month of the year and typically a pronounced dry season, with the driest month having precipitation less than 60mm (2.36 in) of precipitation. The [[Köppen Climate Classification]] subtype for this climate is "[[Tropical savanna climate|Aw]]" (tropical savanna climate).<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=419460&cityname=Satkhira%2C+Khulna%2C+Bangladesh&units= Climate Summary]</ref> {{Weather box |location =Satkhira |single line = Yes |metric first = Yes |Jan high F = 77 |Feb high F = 82 |Mar high F = 91 |Apr high F = 93 |May high F = 93 |Jun high F = 91 |Jul high F = 87 |Aug high F = 87 |Sep high F = 89 |Oct high F = 87 |Nov high F = 84 |Dec high F = 78 |year high F = 86 |Jan low F = 53 |Feb low F = 59 |Mar low F = 68 |Apr low F = 75 |May low F = 77 |Jun low F = 78 |Jul low F = 78 |Aug low F = 77 |Sep low F = 77 |Oct low F = 73 |Nov low F = 64 |Dec low F = 55 |year low F = 69 |Jan precipitation inch = 0.3 |Feb precipitation inch = 0.9 |Mar precipitation inch = 1.2 |Apr precipitation inch = 2.8 |May precipitation inch = 5.7 |Jun precipitation inch = 11.6 |Jul precipitation inch = 13.9 |Aug precipitation inch = 12.8 |Sep precipitation inch = 10.5 |Oct precipitation inch = 5.6 |Nov precipitation inch = 1 |Dec precipitation inch = 0.3 | year precipitation inch = 66.5 |source = Weatherbase<ref name=Weatherbase>{{cite web |url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=419460&cityname=Satkhira- |title=Weatherbase.com |publisher=Weatherbase |year=2013}} Retrieved on 30 May 2013. </ref> |date=May 2013}}

==Demographics== {{Historical populations |align=center |percentages=pagr |1974 |1143953 |1981 |1354662 |1991 |1597178 |2001 |1864704 |2011 |1985959 |2022 |2196582 |footnote= Sources:<ref name="2022census" /><ref name="census2011">{{cite web |url=http://203.112.218.65:8008/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/PopCenZilz2011/Zila-Satkhira.pdf |title=Bangladesh Population and Housing Census 2011 Zila Report – Satkhira |website=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref> }}

According to the [[2022 Bangladeshi census|2022 Census of Bangladesh]], Satkhira District had 566,752 households and a population of 2,196,582 with an average 3.85 people per household. Among the population, 360,699 (16.42%) inhabitants were under 10 years of age. The population density was 575 people per km<sup>2</sup>. Satkhira District had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 75.32%, compared to the national average of 74.80%, and a sex ratio of 1009 females per 1000 males. Approximately, 19.67% of the population lived in urban areas. The ethnic population was 3,865.<ref name="2022census">{{Cite book |url=https://bbs.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/bbs.portal.gov.bd/page/b343a8b4_956b_45ca_872f_4cf9b2f1a6e0/2023-11-20-05-20-e6676a7993679bfd72a663e39ef0cca7.pdf |title=Population and Housing Census 2022 National Report |publisher=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]] |date=November 2023 |isbn= |volume=1 |pages=}}</ref>

{{bar box |title=Religion in Satkhira District (2022)<ref name="2022census"/> |titlebar=#Fcd116 |left1=Religion |right1=Percent |float=left |bars= {{bar percent|[[Islam in Bangladesh|Islam]]|green|84.29}} {{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Bangladesh|Hinduism]]|darkorange|15.35}} {{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.36}} }}

{| class="wikitable sortable" |+Religion in present-day Satkhira District ! rowspan="2" |Religion ! colspan="2" |1941<ref name="1941religion">{{cite web |title=Census of India, 1941 Volume VI Bengal Province |url=https://dspace.gipe.ac.in/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10973/37365/GIPE-020591.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y |access-date=13 August 2022}}</ref>{{rp|86–87}}{{Efn|1941 figures are for Satkhira subdivision of erstwhile Khulna district, excluding territory in Sundarbans Forest thana (which is less than 7000 people for the entire district)}} ! colspan="2" |1981<ref name="census2011" /> ! colspan="2" |1991<ref name="census2011" /> ! colspan="2" |2001<ref name="census2011" /> ! colspan="2" |2011<ref name="census2011" /> ! colspan="2" |2022<ref name="2022census" /> |- !{{Abbr|Pop.|Population}} !% !{{Abbr|Pop.|Population}} !% !{{Abbr|Pop.|Population}} !% !{{Abbr|Pop.|Population}} !% !{{Abbr|Pop.|Population}} !% !{{Abbr|Pop.|Population}} !% |- |[[Islam in Bangladesh|Islam]] [[File:Star_and_Crescent.svg|15x15px]] |364,068 |52.47% |1,002,481 |74.00% |1,247,051 |78.08% |1,495,219 |80.19% |1,625,782 |81.86% |1,851,516 |84.29% |- |[[Hinduism in Bangladesh|Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|16x16px]] |327,458 |47.20% |347,349 |25.64% |342,520 |21.45% |360,723 |19.34% |351,551 |17.70% |337,145 |15.35% |- |Others {{efn|Including [[Jainism]], [[Christianity]], [[Buddhism]], [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Judaism]], [[Ad-Dharmi]]s, or not stated}} |2,310 |0.33% |4,832 |0.36% |7,607 |0.47% |8,762 |0.47% |8,626 |0.44% |7,921 |0.36% |- !Total Population !693,836 !100% !1,354,662 !100% !1,597,178 !100% !1,864,704 !100% !1,985,959 !100% !2,196,582 !100% |}

Satkhira had a 47% Hindu population in 1941 dominated by Scheduled Castes, with several thanas in the present district having a Hindu majority. During the massive riots in the [[1950 East Pakistan riots|1950s]] and [[1964 East Pakistan riots|1960s]] most of the Hindus there fled to neighboring India. The population of Hindus and Christians has remained constant since 1981, but their percentages have fallen massively. Christians live mainly in Kalaroa and Tala upazilas.

==Economy== [[File:Chingri gher at khulna - 2.jpg|thumb|Shrimp hatchery]] [[File:Green field at village bhagbah - 3.jpg|thumb|rice planting near village Bhagbah]] The economy of Satkhira is mainly agriculture based. But it has diverse opportunity of economic prosperity. One land port (Bhomra) and several export products make Satkhira as the next prosperous district of Bangladesh. Most people in the southern part of Satkhira depend on [[pisciculture]], locally called ''gher''. Main fruits are [[mango]], [[blackberry]], [[jackfruit]], banana, [[papaya]], [[litchi]], [[coconut]] and [[guava]]. Farms are 86 [[dairies]], 322 poultry farms, 3,046 [[Fishery|fisheries]], 3,650 [[shrimp]] farms, 66 [[Hatchery|hatcheries]] and one cattle breeding centre.{{citation needed|date=January 2025}} Export products

# Shrimp # Mango<ref>{{cite news |last=Sardar |first=Asaduzzaman |title=Satkhira shines: A bumper year for mango exports sets new records |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/314599/satkhira-shines-a-bumper-year-for-mango-exports |work=Dhaka Tribune |date=30 June 2023}}</ref> # Jute<ref>{{cite news |title=Export of jute products a boon for Satkhira women |url=https://thefinancialexpress.com.bd/trade/export-of-jute-products-a-boon-for-satkhira-women-1671269146 |work=The Financial Express |date=17 December 2022}}</ref> # Crab # Handmade Clay Tiles<ref>{{cite news |title=Satkhira's handmade clay tiles' journey to Europe, America |url=https://www.tbsnews.net/economy/industry/satkhiras-handmade-clay-tiles-journey-europe-america-597738 |work=The Business Standard |date=11 March 2023}}</ref>

==Points of interest== [[File:Tetulia Jami Mosque.jpg|thumb|right|alt=A mosque built in the mid-19th century in rural Bangladesh|[[History of Tetulia, Satkhira|Tetulia Jame Mosque]] (1858–59)]] [[Sundarbans]] is the largest single block of tidal [[halophyte|halophytic]] [[mangrove]] forest in the world, is a [[World Heritage Site]], and covers an area of {{convert|5747|km2}}.

The region is home to many ancient buildings and temples such as Sultanpur Shahi Mosque (500 years old) and Pir-e-Kamel Kari Hafez Sah-Sufi Jonab Hazrat Maolana Azizur Rahman (Rh) was a Muslim [[Sufi]] Saint and local ruler Kalimakhali, [[Assasuni Upazila|assasuni upozila]] in Satkhira (now in [[Bangladesh]]). Attractions also include the mangrove forest at Kaliganj Upazila. This forest, named Basjharia Joarar Ban, is popularly known as the forest of BADHA. The Joarar Ban is a cause of friction between the Bangladesh and Indian border.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}}

==Administration== [[File:Satkhira District upazila geocode map - Small Area Atlas Bangladesh.svg|thumb|Satkhira District upazila geocode map]]

The district consists of two municipalities, seven [[upazila]]s, 79 union parishads, 8 thanas (police stations) and 1,436 villages.

The upazilas are:<ref>[http://www.bbs.gov.bd/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/PopCen2011/Com_Satkhira.pdf Bangladesh Bureau of statistics, 2011, Satkhira] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151113202023/http://www.bbs.gov.bd/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/PopCen2011/Com_Satkhira.pdf |date=13 November 2015}}</ref> * [[Satkhira Sadar Upazila]] * [[Assasuni Upazila]] * [[Debhata Upazila]] * [[Tala Upazila]] * [[Kalaroa Upazila]] * [[Kaliganj Upazila, Satkhira|Kaliganj Upazila]] * [[Shyamnagar Upazila]]

The two municipalities are [[Satkhira]] and Kalaroa. * Chairman of District Council: Nazrul Islam<ref>{{cite news |script-title=bn:সাতক্ষীরা জেলা পরিষদের প্রথম চেয়ারম্যান নজরুল ইসলাম |url=https://www.banglanews24.com/national/news/bd/543527.details |work=banglanews24.com |date=28 December 2016 |language=bn}}</ref> * Deputy Commissioner (DC): Mohammad Humayun Kabir<ref>{{cite news |title=New Satkhira DC takes office |url=http://www.satkhira.gov.bd/site/officer_list/d8b93e16-1c4b-11e7-8f57-286ed488c766/ |newspaper=banglanews24.com |access-date=28 August 2014 |archive-date=6 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180206115049/http://satkhira.gov.bd/site/officer_list/d8b93e16-1c4b-11e7-8f57-286ed488c766 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Infrastructure==

===Health=== ==== Satkhira Government Hospital/Medical College ====

{| class="wikitable" |1 |Satkhira Sadar Hospital |- |2 |Satkhira Medical College & Hospital |- |3 |Upazila Health Complex, Debhata |- |4 |Upazila Health Complex, Kaliganj |- |5 |Upazila Health Complex, Shyamnagar |- |6 |Upazila Health Complex, Kalaroa |- |7 |Upazila Health Complex, Tala |- |8 |Upazila Health Complex, Assasuni |}

==== Satkhira Private Hospital/Clinic ====

{| class="wikitable" |1 |Anwara Memorial Clinic |- |2 |Bushra Hospital |- |3 |Care Clinic |- |4 |CB Hospital Limited. |- |5 |City Clinic |- |6 |Doctors Lab & Hospital (Pvt.) Ltd. |- |7 |Dr. Mahtabuddin Memorial Hospital |- |8 |Farhan Clinic |- |9 |Grameen Eye Hospital, Satkhira |- |10 |Heart Foundation and Intensive Care Hospital |- |11 |Islami Bank Community Hospital Satkhira Ltd. |- |12 |Jhaudanga Piles and Surgical Clinic |- |13 |Nazmun Clinic |- |14 |Sangram Medical Hospital (Pvt.) |- |15 |Sanjana nursing home & clinic |- |16 |Satata Clinic |- |17 |Satkhira National Hospital |- |18 |Satkhira Trauma & Orthopaedics Care Centre. |}

==== Satkhira Private Diagnostic Centre ==== {| class="wikitable" |1 |Anwara Memorial Diagnostic Centre |- |2 |Bushra Diagnostic Center |- |3 |Care Diagnostic Centre |- |4 |CB Hospital Limited |- |5 |Digital Diagnostic & CT Scan Center |- |06 |Islami Bank Community Hospital Satkhira Ltd. |}

=== Land ports ===

[[File:Bhomra.jpg|thumb|Bhomra land Port]] India-Bangladesh ([[Bhomra Land Port]]): 200 yards distant BGP camp from the main port. The Bhomra land port is the second largest in Bangladesh. The Bhomra land customs station was inaugurated in 1996.

===Transport=== Roads and highways are Satkhira-Khulna, Satkhira-Jessore, Satkhira-Assasuni-Ghola, Satkhira-Kaligonj-Shyamnagar. Satkhira-Kaligonj-Shyamnagar is very bad due to the conductor's corruption.{{citation needed|date=January 2014}}

==Education==

Recently established one medical college, 79 colleges, one primary teacher's training institute, 421 high schools, 41 junior high schools, 259 madrassas, and 822 government primary schools. Some of the notable educational institutions are: *[[Satkhira University of Science and Technology]] *[[Satkhira Govt. Polytechnic Institute]] *[[Satkhira Government College]] *[[Satkhira City College]] *[[Satkhira Medical College]] *Satkhira Government Girls’ High School *[[Satkhira Government High School]] *Satkhira Government Mahila College *Kaliganj Govt. College *Satkhira Day-Night College *[[Kalaroa Govt. College]] *Jhaudanga High School

==Notable people== {{alumni|residents|date=January 2026}} * [[A. F. M. Entaz Ali]], member of parliament, is buried in Herar Chak of Debhata Upazila.<ref>{{cite news |script-title=bn:মৃত্যুবার্ষিকী |trans-title=Death anniversary |url=http://archive.prothom-alo.com/detail/date/2012-01-26/news/219582 |work=Prothom Alo |date=26 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213181152/http://archive.prothom-alo.com/detail/date/2012-01-26/news/219582 |archive-date=2020-02-13 |language=bn}}</ref> * [[Manoj Mitra]] * [[Habibul Islam Habib]], ex-MP, [[Satkhira-1]]. Publicity and Publication Affairs Secretary of [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party|Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP)]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://bnpbd.org/page/7635b07ff1c08856f71773c3cd6b5a22 |script-title=bn:জাতীয় কার্যনির্বাহী কমিটি ২০১৬}}</ref> * [[Pori Moni]], actress * [[Khan Bahadur Ahsanullah]] * [[AFM Ruhal Haque]] * [[Soumya Sarkar]] * [[Mustafizur Rahman]] * [[Nilufar Yasmin]] * [[Sabina Yasmin]] * [[Amin Khan (actor)]] * [[Moushumi]] * [[Moushumi Hamid]] * [[Falguni Hamid]] * [[Tariq Anam Khan]] * [[Afzal Hossain]] * [[Rani Sarker]] * [[Muhammad Wajed Ali]] * [[Sikandar Abu Zafar|Sikandar Abu Jafar]] * [[Sabina Khatun]] * [[Masura Parvin]] * [[:bn:স.ম আলাউদ্দীন|S.M Alauddin]] * [[M.R. Khan]] * [[Abu Yousuf MD. Abdullah]], Academic and Entrepreneur. * [[Kazi Ertaza Hassan]] - CIP

==See also==

* [[Upazilas of Bangladesh]] * [[Districts of Bangladesh]] * [[Divisions of Bangladesh]] * [[Upazila]] * [[Thana]]

== Notes == {{Reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

==References== {{Commons category}} {{Reflist}}

[[Category:Satkhira District| ]] [[Category:Districts of Bangladesh]]