{{Short description|Species of lichen}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2025}} {{Use Oxford spelling|date=September 2025}} {{Speciesbox | image = Sarcographa labrynthica - Flickr - pellaea.jpg | image_caption = | taxon = Sarcographa labyrinthica | authority = ([[Ach.]]) [[Müll.Arg.]] (1887) | synonyms_ref = <ref name="Species Fungorum synonymy"/> | synonyms = *''Glyphis labyrinthica'' {{au|Ach. (1814)}} *''Asterisca labyrinthica'' {{au|(Ach.) [[G.Mey.]] (1825)}} *''Graphis labyrinthica'' {{au|(Ach.) [[Vain.]] (1901)}} *''Sarcographa actinota'' {{au|[[F.Wilson]] (1891)}} }}
'''''Sarcographa labyrinthica''''' is a species of [[corticolous lichen|corticolous]] (bark-dwelling) [[script lichen]] in the family [[Graphidaceae]].<ref name="CoL_6XM38"/> The species grows on tree bark in [[tropical]] and [[subtropical]] forests, where it creates characteristic branching, crack-like [[fruiting bodies]] ({{lichengloss|lirellae}}) that resemble a labyrinth. It has been recorded from diverse locations including [[Florida]], Costa Rica, Brazil, Madagascar, and Malaysia.
==Taxonomy==
The species was first [[species description|described]] by [[Erik Acharius]] in 1814. Acharius introduced the name as ''Glyphis labyrinthica'', giving a brief Latin {{lichengloss|diagnosis}}: a brown-olive crust with dirty-white, powdery, plano-convex wart-like apothecia, the fruiting bodies elongate and split by black fissures that almost anastomose to form a faint reticulation. He recorded it on tree bark in Guinea. He added that the species had been circulated to [[Heinrich Schrader (botanist)|Heinrich Schrader]] and might appear in print there under the provisional name ''Trypethelium labyrinthiformis''.<ref name="Acharius 1814"/> [[Johannes Müller Argoviensis]] later transferred the species to ''[[Sarcographa]]'', treating it as ''Sarcographa (Eusarcographa) labyrinthica'' and placing it in his [[section (botany)|section]] ''Eusarcographa''. In doing so he contrasted it with names misapplied by [[Antoine Laurent Apollinaire Fée]] and [[William Nylander (botanist)|Nylander]], and characterised the species by {{lichengloss|cerebriform}}, intricately branched {{lichengloss|lirellae}} that tend to sub-anastomose and are white-velate when young; he cited Acharius's original [[Adam Afzelius|Afzelius]] material from Guinea and additional bark specimens, and noted that the species is otherwise widely distributed in warm regions.<ref name="Müller Argoviensis 1887"/>
==Habitat and distribution==
''Sarcographa labyrinthica'' is a bark-dwelling ([[corticolous lichen|corticolous]]) lichen. Locales from which it has been recorded include [[Florida]],<ref name="Lücking et al. 2011"/> [[Costa Rica]],<ref name="Lücking et al. 2008"/> Brazil,<ref name="Aptroot et al. 2025"/> Madagascar,<ref name="Aptroot 2016"/> and Malaysia.<ref name="Abas et al. 2019"/>
==References== {{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="Abas et al. 2019">{{cite journal |last1=Abas |first1=Azlan |last2=Khalid |first2=Rozida Mohd |last3=Rosandy |first3=Andi Rifki |last4=Sulaiman |first4=Norela |year=2019 |title=Lichens of Pulau Pangkor, Perak, Malaysia |journal=The Malaysian Forester |volume=82 |issue=1 |pages=59–66 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330924639}}</ref>
<ref name="Acharius 1814">{{cite book |last=Acharius |first=Erik |year=1814 |title=Synopsis Methodica Lichenum |page=107 |language=la |publisher=litteris et sumptibus Svanborg et soc. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J7o_AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA107}}</ref>
<ref name="Aptroot 2016">{{cite journal |last=Aptroot |first=André |title=Preliminary checklist of the lichens of Madagascar, with two new thelotremoid Graphidaceae and 131 new records |journal=Willdenowia |volume=46 |issue=3 |year=2016 |doi=10.3372/wi.46.46304 |doi-access=free |pages=349–365 |bibcode=2016Willd..46..349A }}</ref>
<ref name="Aptroot et al. 2025">{{cite journal |last1=Aptroot |first1=André |last2=da Silva Cáceres |first2=Marcela Eugenia |last3=dos Santos |first3=Lidiane Alves |last4=Benatti |first4=Michel N. |last5=Canêz |first5=Luciana |last6=Forno |first6=Manuela Dal |last7=Feuerstein |first7=Shirley C. |last8=Vidigal Fraga Junior |first8=Carlos Augusto |last9=Gerlach |first9=Alice C. L. |last10=Gumboski |first10=Emerson Luiz |last11=Jungbluth |first11=Patrícia |last12=Käffer |first12=Márcia I. |last13=Kalb |first13=Klaus |last14=Koch |first14=Natália M. |last15=Lücking |first15=Robert |last16=Torres |first16=Jean-Marc |last17=Spielmann |first17=Adriano A. |title=The Brazilian lichen checklist: 4,828 accepted taxa constitute a country-level world record |journal=The Bryologist |volume=128 |issue=2 |year=2025 |doi=10.1639/0007-2745-128.2.96 |page=300}}</ref>
<ref name="CoL_6XM38">{{Catalogue of Life |id=6XM38 |title=''Sarcographa labyrinthica'' (Ach.) Müll. Arg. |access-date=23 September 2025}}</ref>
<ref name="Lücking et al. 2008">{{cite journal |last1=Lücking |first1=Robert |last2=Chaves |first2=José Luis | last3=Sipman |first3=Harrie J.M. |last4=Umaña |first4=Loengrin |last5=Aptroot |first5=André |title=A first assessment of the ticolichen biodiversity inventory in Costa Rica: The genus ''Graphis'', with notes on the genus ''Hemithecium'' (Ascomycota: Ostropales: Graphidaceae) |journal=Fieldiana Botany |volume=46 |year=2008 |doi=10.3158/0015-0746(2008)46[1:afaott]2.0.co;2 |pages=1–126 [11] |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/169217}}</ref>
<ref name="Lücking et al. 2011">{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |first1=Robert |last1=Lücking |first2=Frederick |last2=Seavey |first3=Ralph S. |last3=Common |first4=Sean Q. |last4=Beeching |first5=Othmar |last5=Breuss |first6=William R. |last6=Buck |first7=Lee |last7=Crane |first8=Malcolm |last8=Hodges |first9=Brendan P. |last9=Hodkinson |first10=Elisabeth |last10=Lay |first11=James C. |last11=Lendemer |first12=R. Troy |last12=McMullin |first13=Joel |last13=Mercado |year=2011 |title=The lichens of Fakahatchee Strand Preserve State Park, Florida: Proceedings from the 18th Tuckerman Workshop |journal=Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History |volume=46 |issue=4 |pages=127–186 |doi=10.58782/flmnh.sofw5435 |url=https://www.fs.fed.us/global/iitf/pubs/ja_iitf_2011_Lucking001.pdf}} {{open access}}</ref>
<ref name="Müller Argoviensis 1887">{{cite journal |last=Müller |first=J. |year=1887 |title=Graphideae Féeanae |journal=Mémoires de la Société de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle de Genève |volume=29 |issue=8 |pages=1–80 [61] |language=la}}</ref>
<ref name="Species Fungorum synonymy">{{cite web |title=GSD Species Synonymy. Current Name: ''Sarcographa labyrinthica'' (Ach.) Müll. Arg., Mém. Soc. Phys. Hist. nat. Genève 29(no. 8): 62 (1887)|url=https://www.speciesfungorum.org/GSD/GSDspecies.asp?RecordID=404825 |publisher=[[Species Fungorum]] |access-date=25 September 2025}}</ref>
}}
{{Taxonbar |from1=Q10661782 |from2=Q59584794 |from3=Q107709044 |from4=Q105499400}}
[[Category:Graphidaceae]] [[Category:Lichen species]] [[Category:Lichens described in 1814]] [[Category:Lichens of the Southeastern United States]] [[Category:Lichens of Brazil]] [[Category:Lichens of Central America]] [[Category:Lichens of Madagascar]] [[Category:Lichens of Malesia]] [[Category:Taxa named by Erik Acharius]]