{{Short description|Genus of fungi}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Sarcodon imbricatus0.jpg | image_caption = ''Sarcodon imbricatus'' | taxon = Sarcodon | authority = Quél. ex P.Karst. (1881) | type_species = ''Sarcodon imbricatus'' | type_species_authority = (L.) P.Karst. (1881) | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = {{center|''See text''}} }}
'''''Sarcodon''''' is a genus of fungi in the family Bankeraceae, which is part of the order Thelephorales, known for its almost universal ectomycorrhizal ecology.<ref name="Tedersoo"/> The genus owes its name to the presence of teeth-like spines on the hymenophore, from ancient Greek; ''sarco'' = flesh and ''odon'' = tooth. For this reason they are commonly called "tooth fungi", or "Hydnoid fungi".
== Description == ''Sarcodon'' species have yellow to brown tinted basidiospores,<ref name="Geesteranus"/> with lengths in the range of 7.4–9 μm.<ref name="Larsson"/> The basidiomata are often soft and fleshy.<ref name="Geesteranus"/>
== Species == In 2019, Larsson ''et al.'' transferred 12 species into the genus ''Hydnellum''.<ref name="Larsson" /> In 2024, Douch ''et al.'' transferred ''Sarcodon carbonarius'' to the genus ''Neosarcodon''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Douch |first1=James K. |last2=Vaughan |first2=Luke J. |last3=Cooper |first3=Jerry A. |last4=Holmes |first4=Gareth D. |last5=Robinson |first5=Richard |last6=Stefani |first6=Franck |last7=Idnurm |first7=Alexander |last8=May |first8=Tom W. |date=2024-08-29 |title=Taxonomic revision of fleshy species of ''Hydnellum'', ''Neosarcodon'', and ''Sarcodon'' (Thelephorales) from Australasia |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00275514.2024.2363211 |journal=Mycologia |volume=116 |issue=6 |language=en |pages=965–992 |doi=10.1080/00275514.2024.2363211 |issn=0027-5514|url-access=subscription }}</ref> {{As of|2026|February}}, Index Fungorum listed 42 valid species of ''Sarcodon''.<ref name="CoL-Fungorum" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarcodon Quél. ex P.Karst. |url=https://www.gbif.org/species/2521435 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=www.gbif.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarcodon {{!}} COL |url=https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/643Q6 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250614182433/https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/643Q6 |archive-date=2025-06-14 |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=www.catalogueoflife.org}}</ref>
{{Colbegin}} * ''Sarcodon aglaosoma'' * ''Sarcodon atroviridis'' * ''Sarcodon austrofibulatus'' * ''Sarcodon bubalinus'' * ''Sarcodon caliginosus'' * ''Sarcodon calvatus'' * ''Sarcodon catalaunicus'' * ''Sarcodon conchyliatus'' * ''Sarcodon cyanellus'' * ''Sarcodon cyrneus'' * ''Sarcodon dissimulans'' * ''Sarcodon excentricus'' * ''Sarcodon flavidus'' * ''Sarcodon giganteus'' * ''Sarcodon harrisonii'' * ''Sarcodon humilis'' * ''Sarcodon ianthinus'' * ''Sarcodon imbricatus'' * ''Sarcodon lanuginosus'' * ''Sarcodon leucopus'' * ''Sarcodon lobatus'' * ''Sarcodon nauseofoetidus'' * ''Sarcodon neosquamosus'' * ''Sarcodon nigrosquamosus'' * ''Sarcodon praestans'' * ''Sarcodon procerus'' * ''Sarcodon pseudoimbricatus'' * ''Sarcodon quercinofibulatus''<ref name="Pérez-De-Gregorio 2011">{{cite journal |author1=Pérez-De-Gregorio MA |author2=Macau N |author3=Carbó J. |title=''Sarcodon quercinofibulatum'', una nueva especie del género con Hifas Fibulíferas |trans-title=''Sarcodon quercinofibulatum'', a new species of the genus with hyphae with clamp connections |journal=Revista Catalana de Micologia |year=2011 |volume=33 |pages=25–30 |language=Spanish |url=http://micocat.net/UNCINULA09/rcm_0504/2011_33/SCM%20revista2011altaperobaixa.pdf}}</ref> * ''Sarcodon quietus'' * ''Sarcodon regalis'' * ''Sarcodon rimosus'' * ''Sarcodon roseolus'' * ''Sarcodon rutilus'' * ''Sarcodon scabripes'' * ''Sarcodon squamosus'' * ''Sarcodon stereosarcinon'' * ''Sarcodon subfelleus'' * ''Sarcodon thwaitesii'' * ''Sarcodon ussuriensis'' * ''Sarcodon ustalis'' * ''Sarcodon wrightii'' * ''Sarcodon yunnanensis'' {{Colend}}
== Human uses == Several species within the ''Sarcodon'' genus, including ''S. imbricatus'' (''see figure''), are edible. The fungus can be bitter, but that is less apparent in younger specimens. In China, it is a popular edible mushroom and it is used to reduce cholesterol, relax the muscles, and improve blood circulation.<ref name="Jang"/> Isolates from the genus, called scabronines, may increase nerve growth factor synthesis ''in vitro''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Obara |first1=Y. |last2=Nakahata |first2=N. |last3=Kita |first3=T. |last4=Takaya |first4=Y. |last5=Kobayashi |first5=H. |last6=Hosoi |first6=S. |last7=Kiuchi |first7=F. |last8=Ohta |first8=T. |last9=Oshima |first9=Y. |last10=Ohizumi |first10=Y. |date=1999-04-01 |title=Stimulation of neurotrophic factor secretion from 1321N1 human astrocytoma cells by novel diterpenoids, scabronines A and G |journal=European Journal of Pharmacology |volume=370 |issue=1 |pages=79–84 |doi=10.1016/s0014-2999(99)00077-1 |issn=0014-2999 |pmid=10323283}}</ref>
== References == {{Commons category}} {{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="Jang">{{cite web |author=Jang NS |title=Method for manufacturing health beverage from 'Sarcodon aspratus' |url=http://europepmc.org/article/PAT/KR100859324B |accessdate=2020-03-29}}</ref>
<ref name="Tedersoo">{{cite journal |last1=Tedersoo|first1=L.|last2=May|first2=TW.|last3=Smith|first3=ME.|title=Ectomycorrhizal lifestyle in fungi: global diversity, distribution, and evolution of phylogenetic lineages|journal=Mycorrhiza |year=2010 |volume=20 |issue=4|pages=217–263 |doi=10.1007/s00572-009-0274-x|pmid=20191371|s2cid=3351967 }}</ref>
<ref name="Geesteranus">{{cite book |last=Geesteranus|first=Maas RA|title=Die Terrestrischen Stachelpilze Europas (The Terrestrial Hydnums of Europe)|publisher=North-Holland Publishing|year=1975|volume=1|pages=1–127}}</ref>
<ref name="Larsson">{{Cite journal|author1=Larsson|author2=Svantesson|author3=Miscevic|author4=Kõljalg|author5=Larsson|date=2019|title=Reassessment of the generic limits for Hydnellum and Sarcodon (Thelephorales, Basidiomycota)|journal=MycoKeys|issue=54|pages=31–47|doi=10.3897/mycokeys.54.35386|pmid=31231164|pmc=6579789 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name="CoL-Fungorum">{{cite web |author=Kirk PM |title=Species Fungorum (version 26th August 2015). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life |url=http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/browse/tree/id/679797e577a409278f1339a772a9ffdb |accessdate=2015-09-09 |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013185743/http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/browse/tree/id/679797e577a409278f1339a772a9ffdb |url-status=dead }}</ref>
}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q902135}}
Category:Sarcodon Category:Thelephorales genera