Santiago Metro Line 1

{{Short description|Underground Line, Santiago}} {{Infobox rail line | name = Santiago Metro Line 1 | color = E21313 | logo = Santiago de Chile L1.svg | logo_width = 50px | logo_alt = Santiago Metro Line 1 logo | image = Estación Manquehue.jpg | image_width = 240 | caption = Train at [[Manquehue metro station|Manquehue]] | type = [[Rubber-tyred metro]] | system = [[Santiago Metro]] | status = Operational | locale = Western, central and northeast [[Santiago]] | start = [[San Pablo metro station|San Pablo]] {{rint|santiago|5|size=14}} (western) [[Pajaritos metro station|Pajaritos]] (western, select services only) | end = [[Los Dominicos metro station|Los Domínicos]] (northeastern) [[Manquehue metro station|Manquehue]] (northeastern, select services only) | stations = 27 | routes = | daily_ridership = 705,200 (2015) | open = {{Start date and age| September 15, 1975}} | lastextension = 2010 | close = | owner = Empresa de Transporte de Pasajeros Metro S.A. | operator = Empresa de Transporte de Pasajeros Metro S.A. | character = Open cut ({{stl|Santiago Metro|San Pablo}}, {{stl|Santiago Metro|Neptuno}}, [[Pajaritos metro station|Pajaritos]]) Underground (remainder of line) | depot = Near {{stl|Santiago Metro|Neptuno}} | stock = [[Alstom|GEC-Alsthom]] [[Alstom Metropolis|Metropolis]] [[NS 93]], [[Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles|CAF]] {{ill|NS 2007|es|NS-2007}} and {{ill|NS 2012|es|NS-2012}} | linelength = {{convert|19.3|km|abbr=on}} | tracks = | gauge = {{track gauge|sg|allk=on}} | electrification = 750 V DC [[third rail]] ([[guide bar]]s) | speed = {{convert|75|km/h|abbr=on}} | elevation = | map = {{Line 1 (Santiago Metro)}} | map_name = | map_state = collapsed }} '''Santiago Metro Line 1''' is the oldest of the seven existing [[rapid transit]] lines that make up the [[Santiago Metro]] system. Being its busiest, it has a total of 27 stations along its {{Cvt|19.3|km|abbr=}} length, constructed almost entirely underground (save for some open cut sections in the west), and is located primarily along the axis formed by the [[Avenida Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins]] (Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Avenue, also known as the “Alameda”), [[Providencia Avenue]] and [[Apoquindo Avenue]].<ref>[http://www.metrosantiago.cl/corporativo Metro Corporation Information] www.metrosantiago.cl Retrieved April 19, 2013</ref>

In 2015, Line 1 accounted for 39.5% of all trips made on the metro system with a daily ridership of 705,200, making it the busiest line in the system. It currently connects with five of the six other lines – with Line 2 at [[Los Héroes metro station|Los Héroes station]], with Line 3 at [[Universidad de Chile metro station|Universidad de Chile station]], with Line 4 at [[Tobalaba metro station|Tobalaba station]] in the [[northeastern zone of Santiago de Chile|northeast]], with Line 5 at both [[San Pablo metro station|San Pablo station]] and [[Baquedano metro station|Baquedano station]] and line 6 at [[Los Leones metro station|Los Leones]]. There are plans for connections with the future Line 9 at [[Santa Lucía metro station (Santiago)|Santa Lucía station]], the future Line 7 at [[Baquedano metro station|Baquedano]] and [[Pedro de Valdivia metro station|Pedro de Valdivia]] and the future Line 8 at [[Los Leones]]. Its distinctive colour on the network line map is red.

During the [[2019 Chilean protests]], several of the stations were burned and looted, with the closure of the entire system following soon afterwards.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.24horas.cl/nacional/metro-de-santiago-confirma-cierre-de-estaciones-para-este-sabado-y-domingo-tras-protestas-3669000|title=Metro de Santiago confirma cierre de estaciones para este sábado y domingo tras protestas|date=18 October 2019}}</ref> Since then, all of the stations have reopened.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://metro.cl/tu-viaje/estado-red|title=El Viaje}}</ref>

==History== The line was inaugurated on September 15, 1975, with an initial {{Cvt|8.3|km}} of track running from [[San Pablo metro station|San Pablo station]] to [[La Moneda metro station|La Moneda station]]. In 1977, the line was extended {{Convert|3.2|km|abbr=on}} to the east to [[Salvador metro station|Salvador station]]. Then, in 1980, seven more stations opened to the east between Salvador and [[Escuela Militar metro station|Escuela Militar]]. On January 7, 2010, three final stations opened to the east of Escuela Militar: [[Manquehue metro station|Manquehue]], [[Hernando de Magallanes metro station|Hernando de Magallanes]] and [[Los Dominicos metro station|Los Dominicos]].<ref>[http://www.joeskitchen.com/chile/travel/metro.htm Guide to Metro de Santiago (English)] www.joeskitchen.com Joe Rawlinson Retrieved April 19, 2013</ref> [[File:Tobalaba 815.jpg|thumb|left|[[NS 93]] train in Tobalaba metro station]]

===1986 terrorist attack=== One of the most memorable and tragic events in the history of the Santiago Metro was the June 16, 1986 terrorist attack, which took place on Line 1.<ref>[https://archive.today/20120629053151/http://elpais.com/diario/1986/06/17/internacional/519343216_850215.html El Pais Archive: Bombas en el Metro de Santiago de Chile] EL PAÍS 17 JUN 1986, Retrieved April 19, 2013</ref> At 6:56 a.m., the [[Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front]], a group opposed to the government of [[Augusto Pinochet|General Pinochet]], attacked Tobalaba station with C4 bombs. The bombs exploded and caused the death of one passenger, injured another six, and left one [[NS-74]] train destroyed. Because of this, Metro S.A. (the company that operates the Santiago Metro) decided to replace that trainset, however [[Alstom|Alsthom Groupe Brissonneau]] wasn't producing trains at a fast enough rate, so the company turned their attention towards [[Concarril]], who supplied the Santiago Metro with one [[NS-88]] trainset as a replacement. The destroyed train remained out of service until it was rebuilt by [[Santiago Metro]] workers between February 27, 1989 and December 14, 1990, going back into circulation in 1990. The train now bears a commemorative plaque for the attack and its reconstruction.

===October 2019 protests=== {{further|2019 Chilean protests}} [[File:Metro Moneda durante Protestas Stgo 20191020.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Exterior of the La Moneda metro station in Santiago, October 20, 2019.]] A series of protests in October 2019 resulted in major damage to the metro network. Line 1 (which suffered a minor amount of damage compared to lines 4 and 5) was closed on the weekend of October 18 of that year, and resumed partial service two days later between Pajaritos and Los Dominicos; full service was expected to resume in the first half of 2020. San Pablo, Neptuno, and Baquedano stations suffered moderate damage in the protests, and as a result those three stations would temporarily close (resulting in an ability to transfer between lines 1 and 5). However, the Baquedano station has remained closed to the public since the beginning of the protests, however On April 8, 2020, the combination of both lines was enabled, with their accesses closed until May 4 of the same year. Finally, Line 1 was fully operational again on July 25, 2020, with the reopening of the San Pablo and Neptuno stations.

==Future== After the announcement of the [[Santiago Metro Line 7|line 7]], it is proposed to extend the line 1 northwards to connect with the line 7 and ending at this point.

Requests have been made by local residents, authorities and the communal mayor for an extension to the commune of [[Cerro Navia]] towards Avenida Carrascal (Carrascal Avenue) and the hospital planned for construction in this commune. Although no expansion project has yet begun, studies are being carried for an extension through Cerro Navia.

Requests have been made by local residents, authorities and the communal mayor for an extension to the commune of [[Las Condes]] towards Avenida El Alba and the extension for construction in this commune.

==[[Communes of Chile|Communes]] served by Line 1==

Line 1 serves the following Santiago communes from west to east:

* [[Lo Prado]] * [[Estación Central]] * [[Santiago (municipality)|Santiago]] * [[Providencia (municipality)|Providencia]] * [[Las Condes]]

[[File:Línea 1 del Metro de Santiago.svg|700px|Line 1 – Metro Santiago]]

== Stations == The Line 1 stations (eastbound order) are:

{| class=wikitable !Stations !Transfers !Location !Opening !Commune !Notes |- |[[San Pablo metro station|San Pablo]] |align=center|{{rint|santiago|5|size=20}} |Av. Neptuno and Av. Portales | rowspan="12" |September 15, 1975 | rowspan="3" |[[Lo Prado]] | |- |[[Neptuno metro station|Neptuno]] | |Av. Neptuno and Av. Dorsal | |- |[[Pajaritos metro station|Pajaritos]] |align=center|[[File:Aiga bus.svg|17px]] |Av. General Óscar Bonilla and Santa Marta | |- |[[Las Rejas metro station|Las Rejas]] | |Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins and Av. Las Rejas |[[Lo Prado]]/[[Estación Central]] | |- |[[Ecuador metro station|Ecuador]] | |Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins and Radal | rowspan="4" |[[Estación Central]] | |- |[[San Alberto Hurtado metro station|San Alberto Hurtado]] | |Av. Libertador Bernardo. O'Higgins and Toro Mazotte | |- |[[Universidad de Santiago metro station|Universidad de Santiago]] |align=center|[[File:Aiga bus.svg|17px]] |Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins and Obispo Manuel Umaña | |- |[[Estación Central metro station|Estación Central]] |align=center|[[File:Aiga bus.svg|17px]] [[File:Logo Metrotren.png|50px]][[File:Terrasur.svg|50px]] |Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins and Av. Matucana | |- |[[Unión Latinoamericana metro station|Unión Latinoamericana]] | |Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins and Unión Latinoaméricana | rowspan="7" |[[Santiago (commune)|Santiago]] | |- |[[República metro station (Santiago)|República]] | |Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins and Av. Ricardo Cumming | |- |[[Los Héroes metro station|Los Héroes]] |align=center|{{rint|santiago|2|size=20}} |Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins and Av Ejército | |- |[[La Moneda metro station|La Moneda]] | |Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins and Amunátegui | |- |[[Universidad de Chile metro station|Universidad de Chile]] |align=center|{{rint|santiago|3|size=20}} |Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins and Paseo Ahumada | rowspan="5" |March 31, 1977 | |- |[[Santa Lucía metro station (Santiago)|Santa Lucía]] | |Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins and Miraflores |align=center|This station will be future combination with the line {{rint|santiago|9|size=15}} in 2032 |- |[[Universidad Católica metro station|Universidad Católica]] | |Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins and Av. Portugal | |- |[[Baquedano metro station|Baquedano]] |align=center|{{rint|santiago|5|size=20}} |Av. Providencia and Av. Vicuña Mackenna | rowspan="6" |[[Providencia, Chile|Providencia]] |align=center|This station will be future combination with the line {{rint|santiago|7|size=15}} in 2028 |- |[[Salvador metro station|Salvador]] | |Av. Providencia and Av. Salvador | |- |[[Manuel Montt metro station|Manuel Montt]] | |Av. Providencia and Av. Manuel Montt | rowspan="7" |August 31, 1980 | |- |[[Pedro de Valdivia metro station|Pedro de Valdivia]] | |Av. Nueva Providencia and Av. Pedro de Valdivia |align=center|This station will be future combination with the line {{rint|santiago|7|size=15}} in 2028 |- |[[Los Leones metro station|Los Leones]] |align=center|{{rint|santiago|6|size=20}} |Av. Nueva Providencia and Av. Suecia |align=center|This station will be future combination with the line {{rint|santiago|8|size=15}} in 2030 |- |[[Tobalaba metro station|Tobalaba]] |align=center|{{rint|santiago|4|size=20}} |Av. Providencia and Av. Tobalaba | |- |[[El Golf metro station|El Golf]] | |Av. Apoquindo and San Crescente | rowspan="6" |[[Las Condes]] | |- |[[Alcántara metro station|Alcántara]] | |Av. Apoquindo and Alcántara | |- |[[Escuela Militar metro station|Escuela Militar]] | |Av. Apoquindo and Av. Américo Vespucio | |- |[[Manquehue metro station|Manquehue]] | |Av. Apoquindo and Av. Manquehue | rowspan="3" |January 7, 2010 | |- |[[Hernando de Magallanes metro station|Hernando de Magallanes]] | |Av. Apoquindo and Hernando de Magallanes | |- |[[Los Dominicos metro station|Los Dominicos]] | |Av. Apoquindo and Patagonia | |}

==Line 1 Data Sheet == * '''Construction Method:''' ** [[San Pablo metro station|San Pablo]]: partly underground, partly open-cut. ** San Pablo - [[Neptuno metro station|Neptuno]] section: underground. ** Neptuno: open-cut. ** Neptuno - [[Pajaritos metro station|Pajaritos]] section: underground. ** Pajaritos: open-cut. ** [[Pajaritos metro station|Pajaritos]] – [[Los Dominicos metro station|Los Dominicos]]: underground.

== See also == * [[List of metro systems]] * [[Rail transport in Chile]] * [[Transantiago]] * [[Rubber-tyred metro]]

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== {{Commons category|Santiago Metro line 1}} *{{in lang|es}} [http://www.metrosantiago.cl/ Metro S.A.] *{{in lang|en}} [http://www.urbanrail.net/am/sant/santiago.htm UrbanRail.net/Santiago] *{{in lang|es|ru}} [http://trackmap.ru/img/tm_santiago.png Santiago Metro Track Map] *{{in lang|es}} [http://www.tarjetabip.cl/ Tarjeta Bip!] *{{in lang|es}} [http://www.transantiago.cl Plan and Authority of Transit of Santiago de Chile, Transantiago]

[[Category:Santiago Metro Line 1| ]] [[Category:1975 establishments in Chile]] [[Category:Railway lines opened in 1975]] [[Category:750 V DC railway electrification]]