{{Short description|Battle-cry of the Kingdom of Spain}} [[File:El Apóstol Santiago a caballo o Santiago Matamoros, de Francisco Camilo (Museo del Prado).jpg|alt=|thumb|Saint James, represented by 17th-century painter Francisco Camilo as a Moor-slayer and with the Cross of Saint James as an attribute.]] {{lang|es|'''¡Santiago y cierra, España!'''}} is a Spanish-language phrase. The invoking of the apostle's name (Santiago, Saint James in English) is said to have been a common battle cry of Christian soldiers in medieval Iberia and beyond into the Early Modern Period.<ref name="santiago" /> The full form, using a conjugated form of the verb {{lang|es|cerrar}},{{Refn|group=n.|According to Pedro de Ribadeneira, as a synonym of {{lang|es|acometer}} ({{translation|assail}}).<ref name="santiago" />}} is recorded since the late-16th and 17th centuries.<ref name="santiago">{{Cite journal|title=¡Santiago y cierra, España!|first=Lidwine|last=Linares|doi=10.4000/framespa.1552|journal=Les Cahiers de Framespa|volume=10|year=2012|issue=10 |doi-access=free}}</ref> It made a comeback in 1930s Spain as it became the motto of Ramiro de Maeztu's right-wing magazine ''Acción Española''.<ref name="santiago" /> As a reflection of a mythicized look on the middle ages, embedded in narratives of the Reconquista of Catholic Spain against the Muslim Other-enemy-invader, it has thus been historically embraced as a political slogan by arch-conservative milieus of Spanish society.<ref name="santiago" /> As a nationalist symbolic banner, the phrase has been a staple within far-right discourses in Spain, developed in war-related and national self-affirmation contexts.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Educar, comunicar, sociabilizar en la heterogeneidad|editor-first=Katia|editor-last=Álvarez Díaz|editor-first2=Almudena|editor-last2=Cotán Fernández|page=54|chapter=Ideología y exclusión. Nacionalismo antimusulmán de ayer a hoy|publisher=Dykinson|location=Madrid|url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/libro?codigo=953211&orden=0&info=open_link_libro|first=Jesús|last=García García|isbn=978-84-1170-355-0|year=2023}}</ref>
== Notes == {{reflist|group=n.}}
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Santiago}} Category:Battle cries Category:Spanish words and phrases Category:Spanish political catchphrases Category:Far-right politics in Spain Category:Islamophobia in Europe Category:Spanish nationalism