Samur (river)

{{Short description|River forming the Azerbaijan-Dagestan border}} {{Infobox river | name = Samur | native_name ={{native name|rut|Самыр}} | name_other = سمور | name_etymology =  | image = Река Самур.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Russia Dagestan#Azerbaijan#Caucasus mountains | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption=  | subdivision_type1 = Countries | subdivision_name1 = Russia and Azerbaijan | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = Region | subdivision_name3 = Caucasus | subdivision_type4 = Districts | subdivision_name4 = {{hlist|Dagestan|Qusar|Khachmaz}} | subdivision_type5 = City | subdivision_name5 = Samurçay  | length = {{convert|216|km|mi|abbr=on}}<ref name="river"/> | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= downstream into Tahirçay and Uğar rivers of Azerbaijan and finally directly downstream into Caspian Sea<ref name="river"/> | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = {{convert|75|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}}<ref name="river"/> | discharge1_max =  | source1 = Main Caucasian Range<br />Greater Caucasus | source1_location = Rutulsky District, Dagestan, Russia | source1_coordinates= {{coord|41|36|42|N|47|16|56|E|display=inline}} | source1_elevation = {{convert|3648|m|abbr=on}}<ref name="river">[http://www.river.aznet.org/xazar4.html RIVERS OF AZERBAIJAN: Samur çayi] Retrieved on 6 November 2010</ref> | mouth = Caspian Sea | mouth_location = Dagestan, Russia | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|41|54|38|N|48|29|1|E|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = | progression = | river_system = | basin_size = {{convert|7330|km2|abbr=on}}<ref name="sovet">[http://bse.sci-lib.com/article099308.html Самур], Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Retrieved on 21 June 2020</ref> | tributaries_left = Khalakhur | tributaries_right = Usuxçay | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra = }} The '''Samur''' ({{langx|az|Самурчај|Samurçay}}; {{Langx|lez|Самурвацl}}; {{langx|ru|Самур}}; {{langx|rut|Самыр}}) is a river in Russia's Dagestan Republic, also partially flowing through Azerbaijan and forming part of the Azerbaijan–Russia border.<ref>[http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names/name.php?uni=-3762778&fid=268&c=azerbaijan National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency: Samur: Azerbaijan] Retrieved on 6 November 2010</ref>

==Overview== The Samur river originates in glaciers and mountain springs of the Greater Caucasus mountains. It rises in the northeastern part of Guton Mount at an elevation of {{convert|3648|m|abbr=on}}. Descending from the mountains for {{convert|7|km|abbr=on}}, the river receives its tributary the Khalakhur River, flowing down from an elevation of {{convert|3730|m|abbr=on}}.<ref name="sovet"/><ref>[http://poxod.ru/guidebook/eastcauc/p_eastcauc_posamuruugw_a.html Восточный Кавказ - Путеводители По Самуру] Retrieved on 6 November 2010</ref> The length of the river is {{convert|216|km|abbr=on}}, its basin {{convert|5000|sqkm|abbr=on}}. The elevated and midsections of the river from through the territory of Russia, lower sections flow through Azerbaijan, making up the Russian-Azerbaijani border. After joining its other tributary Usuxçay River, the width of the river grows. Once the river is in the open Caspian basin, it splits some of its parts into the Tahirçay ({{convert|34|km|abbr=on}}) and Uğar ({{convert|28|km|abbr=on}}) rivers on Azerbaijani territory. The river mainly feeds on rain and underground waters with its volume broken up as follows: 42% from rain, 32% from underground waters, 22% from snow, 4% from glaciers.<ref name="river"/> The river supplies irrigation water to the Samur-Absheron channel, which follows south to Jeyranbatan reservoir.<ref>[http://www.mct.gov.az/?/az/nature/2229/63 Azərbaycan təbiəti haqqında ümumi məlumat] Retrieved on 6 November 2010</ref>

==See also== {{Location map+|Russia Dagestan|width=250px|float=right|thumb|relief=1|caption=Rivers of Dagestan, Samur at bottom |places= {{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=43.2500|long=47.5458|mark=X solid black 17.gif|label=Sulak River}} {{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=43.21|long=46.86|mark=X solid black 17.gif}} {{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=42.84|long=46.7833|mark=X solid black 17.gif}}

{{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=42.64|long=46.18|mark=Blue-circle.png|position=top|label=Andi Koysu}} {{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=42.70|long=46.50|mark=Blue-circle.png}} {{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=42.78|long=46.78|mark=Blue-circle.png}}

{{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=42.31|long=46.42||mark=Dot-yellow.svg|position=left|label=Avar Koysu}} {{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=42.45|long=46.56||mark=Dot-yellow.svg}} {{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=42.55|long=46.96||mark=Dot-yellow.svg}} {{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=42.70|long=46.83||mark=Dot-yellow.svg}}

{{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=42.2666|long=46.8333 |position=bottom|label=Kara <br/>Koysu}} {{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=42.40|long=47.00}}

{{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=42.11|long=47.12|mark=Blue Fire.svg |position=right|label=Kazikumkh Koysu}} {{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=42.30|long=47.11|mark=Blue Fire.svg}} {{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=42.50|long=47.05}}

{{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=41.63|long=48.38|mark=Pfeil rechts oben.svg}} {{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=41.37|long=47.90|position=bottom|mark=Pfeil rechts.svg|label=Samur River}} {{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=41.52|long=47.49|mark=Pfeil rechts unten.svg}}

{{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=43.77|long=47.22|position=right|mark=pfeil rechts.svg|label=Terek River}} {{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=43.61|long=46.43|position=right|mark=pfeil rechts oben.svg|label=Terek River}} {{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=43.53|long=45.72|position=top|mark=pfeil rechts.svg|label=Terek River}} {{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=43.29|long=45.72|position=bottom|mark=pfeil rechts oben.svg|label=Sunzha River}} {{Location map~|Russia Dagestan|lat=41.62|long=46.20|position=left|mark=pfeil rechts unten.svg|label=Alazani River}} }}

*Rivers and lakes in Azerbaijan

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== *{{commonscat inline|Samur}} {{Authority control}}

Category:Rivers of Dagestan Category:Rivers of Azerbaijan Category:Tributaries of the Caspian Sea Category:Azerbaijan–Russia border Category:International rivers of Asia Category:Border rivers