{{Infobox royalty | title = King of Wa | predecessor = Chin of Wa | successor = Ko of Wa | issue = Ko of Wa, Bu of Wa | posthumous name = Emperor Ingyo? }} {{Short description|One of the five kings of Wa}} {{Five kings of Wa}}
'''Sai of Wa''' ('''済''') was a king of Wa in the middle of the 5th century (Kofun era).{{Sfn|Japanese Name Dictionary|2001}} He was also known as '''Wa Osai'''.{{Sfn|Japanese Name Dictionary|2001}}
Father of Ko and Wu, he was one of the ''Wa''. He is considered to be the 19th Emperor Ingyo.
== Records ==
=== Book of Liang ===
; The Biography of Liang : In the Book of Liang, the article on "Yamato" (梁書倭伝) states that his son Je stood up after the death of "Ya", and his son Xing stood up after his death.<ref name="東洋文庫 梁書">{{Cite book |last=井上秀雄 |title=東アジア民族史 1-正史東夷伝 |date=1974-12-01 |publisher=平凡社 |isbn=4582802648 |series=東洋文庫264 |pages=315–319 |author-link=井上秀雄}}</ref>。
=== History of the Southern Dynasties === In the History of the Southern Dynasties, the article on the Japanese Kingdom (Nan shi wagu den) describes the contents of the Song Shu Chronicles.{{citation needed|date=November 2025}} {{Five kings of Wa Sources}}
== Historical investigation ==
=== On the continuity between Je and Chin === In the article in the Sung Shu, Je takes the surname "Wa" (倭) as did the previous Japanese king Jin, but does not clarify his relationship to Jin. Since they do not name the continuation, there is a theory that Je and Chin were not close blood relatives, and since the Nihon Shoki shows a struggle in the succession to the throne after Emperor Nintoku, the possibility of the existence of such a struggle over the throne is pointed out {{Sfn|Haruto Kawachi |2018|pp=73-119}} In addition, since the {{ill|Wazui|ja|倭隋}} can be seen as a particularly powerful royal family in the Chin period, there is a theory that there were two royal forces at that time (Mozu Kofun Cluster and Furuichi Kofun Cluster), and that Je may have been a lineage of this Wazui {{Sfn|Haruto Kawachi |2018|pp=73-119}}。
=== Comparison of the tombs === During the period of activity of the Five kings of Wa, the tombs of the great kings were constructed in the Mozu Tombs and Furuichi Kofun Cluster (Osaka Prefecture, Sakai City, Habikino City, Fujiidera), and Je's tomb is assumed to be one of them.<ref>[http://www.mozu-furuichi.jp/jp/story/ "Wa" no Monogatari] (Headquarters Committee for the Promotion of the Mozu and Furuichi Tumulus Group World Cultural Heritage Registration, "Mozu and Furuichi Tumulus Group")</ref> These tombs are now designated as mausoleums by the Miyouchi Agency, so there is a lack of archaeological data to date them, but one theory compares them to the Ichinoyama Kofun (the current imperial tomb of Emperor Ingyo).
Another archaeological source is the {{ill|Inaridai Sword|lt="Gift of Wang"|ja|鉄剣・鉄刀銘文}} excavated from the {{Ill|Inaridai Kofun Group|ja|稲荷台1号墳}} (Ichihara City, Chiba Prefecture). (or Chin), since he is self-explanatory only by writing "Wang".{{Sfn|Mori Kōshō|2010|pp=51-55}}{{Sfn|Haruto Kawachi|2018|pp=73-119}} It should be noted, however, that the iron sword from Inariyama burial mound inscription and the {{ill|Eta Funayama Sword|lt=iron sword from Etafuneyama burial mound|ja|鉄剣・鉄刀銘文}} inscription are distinct from the "Great King" of the Inariyama Sword{{Sfn|Haruto Kawachi|2018|pp=73-119}}。
== References == {{Reflist}}
== Bibliography ==
===Encyclopedias=== * {{Cite encyclopedia |lang=ja |encyclopedia=Japanese Name Dictionary (日本人名大辞典) |entry=King Sai of Wa (倭王済) |publisher=Kodansha (講談社) |date=2001 |ref={{sfnref|Japanese Name Dictionary|2001}} }} * {{Cite book |last=坂元義種 |title=国史大辞典 |publisher=吉川弘文館 |year= |isbn= |editor-last= |chapter=倭の五王 |ref={{Harvid|倭の五王（国史）}}}} * {{Cite book |last= |title=日本大百科全書（ニッポニカ） |publisher=小学館 |year= |isbn= |editor-last= |chapter= }} ** 坂元義種 「倭の五王」、「済」。 * {{Cite book |last=坂元義種 |title=日本古代史大辞典 |publisher=大和書房 |year=2006 |isbn=978-4479840657 |editor-last= |chapter=倭の五王 |ref={{Harvid|倭の五王（古代史）|2006}}}} * {{Cite book |last=関和彦 |title=朝日日本歴史人物事典 |publisher=朝日新聞出版 |year= |isbn= |editor-last= |chapter= 倭王済|chapter-url= https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%80%AD%E7%8E%8B%E6%B8%88-1121323|ref={{Harvid|倭王済（朝日日本歴史人物事典）}} |author-link=関和彦}} - リンクは朝日新聞社「コトバンク」。
===Other references=== * {{Cite book |author=Mori Kōshō (森公章) |lang=ja |script-title=ja:倭の五王 5世紀の東アジアと倭王群像 |trans-title=The Five Kings of Wa: East Asia in the 5th Century and the Portrait of the Wa Kings |series=日本史リブレット 人 002 |publisher=Yamakawa |year=2010 |isbn=978-4634548022 |ref={{Harvid|Mori Kōshō|2010}} }} * {{Cite book |author=Haruto Kawachi (河内春人) |lang=ja |script-title=ja:倭の五王 -王位継承と五世紀の東アジア |trans-title=The Five Kings of Wa - Succession to the Throne and East Asia in the 5th Century |publisher=Chuokoron-Shinsha (中央公論新社) |year=2018 |isbn=978-4121024701 |ref={{sfnref|Haruto Kawachi|2018}} }} * {{Cite news |last=石井正敏 |date=June 2005 |title=5世紀の日韓関係 - 倭の五王と高句麗・百済 - |work=日韓歴史共同研究報告書（第1期） |publisher=日韓歴史共同研究 |url=http://www.jkcf.or.jp/history_arch/first/1/1-03-ishii_j.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018092747/http://www.jkcf.or.jp/history_arch/first/1/1-03-ishii_j.pdf |archive-date=2015-10-18 |ref={{Harvid|石井|2005}}}}
== See also == * Five kings of Wa * Emperor Ingyō
== External links == * [http://hanchi.ihp.sinica.edu.tw/ihp/hanji.htm 漢籍電子文献資料庫] - 台湾中央研究院 {{Wiktionary|済}} Category:Five kings of Wa Category:Pages with unreviewed translations {{Yamatai}}