Saʿumu

{{Infobox royalty | name = Saʿumu | succession = [[List of kings of Mari|King of Mari]] | reign = c. 2416 – c. 2400 BC | predecessor = Possibly [[Ansud]] | successor = Possibly [[Ishtup-Ishar]] | death_date = c. 2400 BC }}

'''Saʿumu''' (died {{Circa}} 2400 BC) was a king ([[Lugal]]) of the second [[Mari, Syria#The second kingdom|Mariote]] kingdom who reigned c. 2416–2400 BC.<ref name="Hamblin">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=biyDDd0uKGMC&pg=PT242|title= Warfare in the Ancient Near East to 1600 BC|author= William J. Hamblin|page= 242|year=2006|isbn= 9781134520626}}</ref> Some scholars, such as [[Joseph Martin Pagan|Joseph Pagan]], interpreted the king's name as derived from the root "ś-y-m", a cognate of the [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]] word "šâmu-m", meaning "to buy".<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8PNAnIome3AC&pg=PT761|title= Pre-Sargonic Period: Early Periods, Volume 1 (2700-2350 BC)|author= Douglas Frayne|page= 761|year=2008|isbn= 9781442690479}}</ref>

In a letter written by the later Mariote king [[Enna-Dagan]], Saʿumu is attested launching a major attack on the [[Ebla]]ites.<ref name="liv">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0d1JAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA119|title= The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy|author= Mario Liverani|page= 119|year=2013|isbn= 9781134750849}}</ref> The king's campaigns recorded in the letter were concentrated in the middle [[Euphrates]] valley east of [[Emar]],<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8PNAnIome3AC&pg=PT762|title= Pre-Sargonic Period: Early Periods, Volume 1 (2700-2350 BC)|author= Douglas Frayne|page= 762|year=2008|isbn= 9781442690479}}</ref> where he defeated the cities of [[Tibalat]] and [[Ilwani]], leaving ruins in the mountainous area of [[Angai]].<ref name="liv" /> Saʿumu continued his war defeating the cities of [[Ra'ak]], [[Nirum]],{{#tag:ref|Located in the Euphrates' middle valley close to [[Sweyhat]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8PNAnIome3AC&pg=PT765|title= Pre-Sargonic Period: Early Periods, Volume 1 (2700-2350 BC)|author= Douglas Frayne|page= 756|year=2008|isbn= 9781442690479}}</ref>|group=note}} [[Ashaldu]] and [[Badul]], leaving ruins in the borders of [[Nahal, Syria|Nahal]]'s region.<ref name="liv" />

{{s-start}} {{s-hou||||2008 BC||name=King Saʿumu of [[Mari, Syria|Mari]]}} {{S-reg}} {{s-bef | before = Possibly [[Ansud]] }} {{s-ttl | title = [[Mari, Syria#Kings of Mari|King of Mari]] | years = c. 2416 - c. 2400 BC }} {{s-aft | after = Possibly [[Ishtup-Ishar]] }} {{s-end}}

==See also== *[[Mari, Syria#Mari–Ebla war|Eblaite-Mariote war]]

==Notes== {{reflist|group=note}}

==Citations== {{reflist|2}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sa'umu}} [[Category:25th-century BC monarchs]] [[Category:24th-century BC monarchs]] [[Category:Kings of Mari]] [[Category:3rd-millennium BC births]] [[Category:3rd-millennium BC deaths]]