{{Short description|British cargo steamship wrecked near Cae Coumbine}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}} {{Infobox ship |section1={{Infobox ship/image |image= |image_caption= }}
|section2={{Infobox ship/career |hide_header= |country= [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]] |flag={{shipboxflag|UKGBI|civil}} |name=*''Ismore'' |namesake= |owner=*Edward Bates & Sons |operator=*Ismore Steam Ship Co. |ordered= |awarded= |builder=[[Barclay Curle|Barclay, Curle & Co.]], [[Whiteinch]] |yard_number=419 |laid_down= |launched=12 April 1899 |sponsor=Mrs. Maclean |christened= |completed= |acquired= |commissioned=24 May 1899 |in_service= |out_of_service= |identification = *UK [[Official Number]] 110575 |homeport=*[[Liverpool]] |fate=Wrecked, 3 December 1899 }}
|section3={{Infobox ship/characteristics |hide_header= |header_caption= |class= |type=Cargo ship |tonnage=*{{GRT|7744}}<ref name=lloyds/> *{{NRT|5042}}<ref name=lloyds/> *{{DWT|9500}} |displacement= |length={{convert|459|ft|0|in|m|abbr=on}} |beam={{convert|52|ft|5|in|m|abbr=on}} |height= |draught= |depth={{convert|31|ft|1|in|m|abbr=on}} |hold_depth= |power= 607 [[Nominal horsepower|Nhp]]<ref name=lloyds/> |propulsion=[[Barclay Curle|Barclay, Curle & Co.]] 3-cylinder [[triple expansion engine|triple expansion]] |speed={{convert|12.0|kn|mph km/h|lk=in}}<ref name=miramar/> |range= |boats= |capacity= |crew= |notes= }} }}
'''''Ismore''''' was a steam cargo ship built in 1899 by the [[Barclay Curle|Barclay, Curle & Co.]] of [[Glasgow]] for [[Edward Bates & Sons]] of [[Liverpool]] and operated by the Johnston Line on their trade routes between North America and the United Kingdom.
==Design and construction== In mid-1890s Johnston Line considered employing two extra ships of approximately 9,500 deadweight for their North American cattle trade between Montreal and Baltimore and Liverpool. ''Ismore'' was the second of theses ships, and was laid down at Barclay, Curle & Co.'s Clydeholm Yard in Whiteinch and launched on 12 April 1899 (yard number 419), with Mrs. Maclean of Ardgour being the sponsor.<ref name=miramar>{{csr|register=MSI|id=1110575|shipname=Ismore|accessdate=7 September 2018}}</ref><ref name=mar>{{cite news |title=Launches and Trial Trips. |date=1 May 1899 |newspaper=The Marine Engineer & Naval Architect |page=92 |volume=XXI}}</ref> During her construction the vessel received extra strengthening with the view of North Atlantic trading, and had a continuous sheltered deck constructed both fore and aft to carry large quantities of cattle or light cargo. ''Ismore'' also had a water ballast placed aft to improve stability when travelling light. She had all the modern machinery fitted for quick loading and unloading of the cargo, including several powerful steam winches and a large number of derricks. ''Ismore'' had also accommodations built allowing her to carry a large number of first and second class passengers.<ref name=mar/> The ship departed Glasgow for sea trials on May 23, 1899 with a large number of guests present on board. The sea trials were held on May 24 on the [[Firth of Clyde]] and lasted for six hours, during which the ship could easily maintain an average speed of 15 knots despite rough seas and strong winds. The steamer returned to Greenock on the same day and was transferred to her owners and left for Montreal on May 27.<ref>{{cite news |title=The New Steamer Ismore. |date=8 June 1899 |newspaper=The Baltimore Sun |page=8 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/23563971/the_baltimore_sun/ |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |accessdate=8 September 2018}}{{free access}}</ref>
As built, the ship was {{convert|459|ft|0|in|m}} long ([[length between perpendiculars|between perpendiculars]]) and {{convert|52|ft|5|in|m}} [[beam (nautical)|abeam]], a [[mean]] [[draft (hull)|draft]] of {{convert|31|ft|1|in|m}}.<ref name=lloyds>{{cite book |year=1899–1900 |title=Lloyd's Register, Steamships and Motorships |location=London |publisher=[[Lloyd's Register]]}}</ref> ''Insmore'' was assessed at {{GRT|7744}} and {{NRT|5042}} and had [[Deadweight tonnage|deadweight]] of approximately 9,500.<ref name=lloyds/> The vessel had a steel hull, and a single 607 [[nominal horsepower|nhp]] [[triple-expansion steam engine]], with cylinders of {{convert|28|in|cm|adj=on}}, {{convert|47+1/2|in|cm|adj=on}} and {{convert|78|in|cm|adj=on}} diameter with a {{convert|60|in|cm|adj=on}} [[stroke (engine)|stroke]], that drove a single screw propeller, and moved the ship at up to {{convert|12.0|kn|mph km/h}}.<ref name=lloyds/>
To operate the vessel, a holding company, Ismore Steamship Company, Ltd. was registered in Liverpool on April 19, 1899 with capital of £30,100.<ref>{{cite news |title=New Companies. |date=1 May 1899 |newspaper=The Liverpool Mercury |page=11 }}</ref>
==Operational history== Upon delivery ''Ismore'' was chartered to the Johnston Line, and departed [[Glasgow]] for [[Montreal]] in ballast on May 27, 1899 and reached her destination on June 10. After loading a large general cargo and 805 oxen she departed for her return trip on June 15 and arrived at Liverpool on July 1, concluding her maiden voyage.<ref>{{cite news |title=Sailings from Foreign Ports. |date=17 June 1899 |newspaper=Glasgow Herald |page=3 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=American Meat Supplies. |date=3 July 1899 |newspaper=The Liverpool Mercury |page=9 }}</ref>
On her next trip she left Montreal on July 20 with a cargo consisting of 805 heads of cattle, 10,355 sacks of flour, 84,239 bushels of corn and 14,779 boxes of cheese and arrived at Liverpool on July 30. When entering the port, ''Ismore'' collided with steamer ''SS Dunconnell'', with both vessels receiving only minor damage.<ref>{{cite news |title=Exports. |date=24 July 1899 |newspaper=The Gazette |page=8 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Wrecks and Casualties. |date=1 August 1899 |newspaper=The Liverpool Mercury |page=10 }}</ref> On her third trip, ''Ismore'' arrived at [[Hampton Roads]] on August 17, and got grounded at Pinners Point on August 18 when the [[1899 San Ciriaco hurricane|hurricane]] struck the city. She was pulled off the mud with the help of several tugs and proceeded to [[Norfolk, Virginia|Norfolk]] to load her cargo of 5,254 bales of cotton, grain and other general cargo.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Hurricane at Norfolk. |date=19 August 1899 |newspaper=The Baltimore Sun |page=9 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Shipping News. |date=2 September 1899 |newspaper=The Commercial & Financial Chronicle |volume=69 |number=1784 |page=506 }}</ref> She again visited Norfolk in early October and left with 477 heads of cattle, 4,492 bales of cotton and other general cargo arriving in Liverpool on October 18.<ref>{{cite news |title=Shipping News. |date=7 October 1899 |newspaper=The Commercial & Financial Chronicle |volume=69 |number=1789 |page=762 }}</ref>
On October 16 it was announced that ''Ismore'' with a number of other vessels was chartered by the Imperial government to transport troops and stores to South Africa as the war against the Boers got under way.<ref>{{cite news |title=Transports from Liverpool. |date=16 October 1899 |newspaper=The Liverpool Mercury |page=7 }}</ref>
===In the Imperial Government Service=== After unloading her cargo, ''Ismore'' had to be modified into a transport, which was done in eleven days. On November 4, the vessel embarked 455 men of the 63rd Field Battery, No.9 Company of [[Royal Army Medical Corps|R.A.M. Corps]], "A" Squadron of [[10th Hussars]], and one troop of "B" Squadron, plus 6 field guns, 334 horses and 22 vehicles, stores and ammunition, and sailed for South Africa in the early morning of November 6 under command of captain Frederick Crosby.<ref>{{cite news |title=Embarkation of the Army Corps. |date=30 October 1899 |newspaper=Glasgow Herald |page=9 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/23571018/glasgow_herald/ |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |accessdate=8 September 2018 }}{{free access}}</ref>
===Sinking=== On leaving the port the ship encountered rough seas and high wind and had to put into [[Moelfre, Anglesey|Moelfre Bay]] to wait out the weather, where she remained until the evening of November 8. She only was able to proceed as far as [[Milford Haven]] as the rough weather persisted and the horses became sick. Finally, the weather improved and ''Ismore'' departed Milford on November 11.<ref name=wreck>{{cite web |url=https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/SOTON_Documents/Plimsoll/17827.pdf |year=1900 |title=Finding of the Court in the loss of British Steamship "Ismore" |accessdate = 2018-09-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The Ismore Leaves Milford. |newspaper=The Bristol Mercury and Daily Post |date=13 November 1899 |page=8 }}</ref> The steamer coaled at [[Tenerife]] on November 16, and from there continued directly to Cape Town. The journey was largely uneventful. On 2 December at around noon, the ship's position was determined by observation to be approximately {{coord|30|41|S|15|30|E}}, and the course was set to pass the [[Dassen Island Lighthouse]] about 13 miles distant. At around 02:38 on 3 December, ''Ismore'' struck on submerged rocks just off Columbine Point and got stranded. She immediately started to take on water filling her engine room and extinguishing the fires. The lifeboats were lowered and the ship was abandoned. The area where the ship went ashore was littered with rocks and it took a considerable effort to reach land, but the wrecked steamer was only about {{convert|3/4|mi|km}} from the shore, and the military men were able to go back to the ship during the day to retrieve some clothing, ammunition and weapons as well as release some horses.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Wreck of the Transport Ismore. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/23584578/leicester_chronicle_or_commercial_and/ |newspaper=Leicester Chronicle or Commercial and Leicestershire Mercury |date=6 January 1900 |page=4 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |accessdate=9 September 2018}}{{free access}}</ref> Around 02:30 on 4 December ''Ismore'' broke amidships with only her stern remaining afloat. Only about twenty horses managed to get ashore with the rest going down with the ship.<ref>{{cite news |title=Heroism on the Ismore. |newspaper=Glasgow Herald |page=7 |date=11 December 1899 }}</ref>
An inquiry into the wrecking was held in December 1899 at Cape Town, which found both the captain and the second mate to be at fault and negligent in their conduct, as they failed to use the lead to ascertain the ship's position, disregarded a strong northeast current present in the area which carried the ship closer to the shore, and failure to act when land was spotted on the port side about 8 minutes before the disaster. Captain Crosby had his license suspended for six month, and the second mate was severely censured.<ref name=wreck/>
== Notes == {{reflist|30em}} {{coord|32|48|46|S|17|50|31|E|display=title}} {{1899 shipwrecks}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ismore}} [[Category:1899 ships]] [[Category:Merchant ships of the United Kingdom]] [[Category:Steamships of the United Kingdom]] [[Category:Maritime incidents in 1899]] [[Category:Ships built on the River Clyde]] [[Category:Shipwrecks of the South African Atlantic coast]]