{{Short description|Ukrainian Jewish concentration camp survivor (born 1936)}} {{Infobox person | name = Roman Shvartsman | image = [[File:Роман Шварцман.jpg|300px]] | alt = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software --> | caption = Shvartsman in his office | birth_name = Shvartsman Ruvin Mordkovich{{Citation needed|date=November 2019}} | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1936|11|07}} | birth_place = [[Bershad]], [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic|Ukrainian SSR]], [[Soviet Union]] | death_date = | death_place = | other_names = | occupation = {{unbulleted list | Public figure | Chairman of Odesa regional Association of Jews – former prisoners of ghetto and Nazi concentration camps}} | years_active = | known_for = | notable_works = | alma_mater = [[Odesa National Maritime University]] | awards = [[File:Zasluhy-1.jpg|75px]] [[Image:Zasluhy-2.jpg|50px]] [[Image:Zaslugi-3.jpg|50px]] }}
'''Roman Markovych Shvartsman''' ({{Langx|uk|Роман Маркович Шварцман}}; born November 7, 1936) is chairman of the [[Odesa]] regional Association of Jews – former prisoners of [[ghetto]] and [[Nazi concentration camps]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Kostyantyn|first1=Federov|title=The day of liberation of Odesa from fascist invaders and World day the memory of prisoners of ghetto and nazi concentration camps|url=http://www.chabad.odessa.ua/templates/blog/post.asp?aid=1658934&postid=37336&p=1|accessdate=21 March 2018}}</ref>
He is Vice President of the Ukrainian Association of [[Jews]] - former prisoners of ghetto and Nazi concentration camps, and Chairman of the Association of Boris Zabarko.<ref>{{cite web|title=Book presentation Rafail Nakhmanovich and Boris Zabarko in Dnepropetrovsk|url=http://www.djc.com.ua/news/view/new/?id=11712|website=DJC|accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Boris Zabarko|url=http://www.dittrich-verlag.de/autoren/boris-zabarko/|website=Dittrich Verlag|accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref>
He is also Deputy chairman of the Council of [[Odesa]] society of [[Jewish culture]] and Manager of its social and cultural center.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-01-27 |title=Бывший узник гетто из Одессы: "Весь наш мир был ограничен колючей проволокой" |trans-title= A former ghetto prisoner from Odesa: “Our entire world has been limited to barbed wire”|url=https://odessamedia.net/news/bivshii-uznik-getto-iz-odessi-ves-nash-mir-bil-ogranichen-kolyuchei-provolokoi/ |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=odessamedia.net |language=ru-UA}}</ref>
== Biography == [[File:Семья Шварцмана Романа Марковича.jpg|thumb|Shvartsman with his family]]
Shvartsman was born in 1936, in a simple Jewish family in the city of [[Bershad]], [[Vinnytsia Oblast]]. The family had nine children, the seventh of whom was Roman Shvartsman. His mother was a housewife, his father worked at the Bershad distillery as a security guard. When the [[World War II|Second World War]] ended, all archival and personal documents were burned and then, to restore the age of Roman, a doctor of the local clinic conducted an external examination.
In 1955, he moved to Odesa, where he entered the vocational school No. 2, in 1956, he received a specialty fitter. From 1957 to 1963 he studied at the [[Odesa Maritime Academy|Odesa National Maritime Academy]], with a speciality as engineer-mechanic.
Roman began his career at the Odesa plant Poligrafmash,<ref>{{cite web|title=Poligrafmash, Odesa plant|url=http://13779.b-i.com.ua/|website=Business Info|accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref> where he works now. There is only one entry in his workbook.
In 1959, Roman married.
In 1992 Roman became a member of the international organization of former ghetto prisoners and concentration camps, which was founded in Odesa in 1991.
Currently, he remains a permanent and active member of the organization. In 1991, at the first Congress, the members of the international organization decided to create a regional Association of former prisoners of ghettos and concentration camps, and the headquarters of the international Union was moved to [[Moscow]].
In 1991 the Odesa regional Association of the former prisoners of the ghetto was created, where Roman was deputy chairman, which at that time was Leonid Sushon.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Taubkin|first1=David|title=First (constitutive) the Congress of former prisoners of ghetto and nazi concentration camps|url=http://netzulim.org/R/OrgR/Articles/Stories/Taubkin_I_Meeting.html|website=All-Israel Association " Survivors of concentration camps and ghettos"|accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref>
In 2002, at the Odesa regional conference, dedicated to the results of the Association, Roman was elected Chairman of the Association, the head of which he is to date.
He contributes to the annual commemoration on January 27, in the Prokhorovsky square, of the [[International Holocaust Remembrance Day|International day of remembrance of the victims of the Holocaust]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Holocaust victims' memory honored in Odesa|url=http://omr.gov.ua/ru/news/67010/|website=Official site of Odesa city|accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref> He has been a guest of honor at international conferences on the topic of the Holocaust.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Mikhailovsky|first1=V.|title=The Memory Of The Disaster|url=http://netzulim.org/Partners/Ukr_Uzn_06-17_No32.pdf|website=Netzulim|accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref>
He was involved in the development and improvement of the Holocaust Museum, which was created and opened by the Association of prisoners in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|title=В Одессе появится Музей памяти жертв Холокоста Нравится |trans-title=Museum to the memory of the Holocaust victims will open in Odesa |url=http://glasweb.com/news61927/ |website=GLAS |date=29 January 2009 |accessdate=7 December 2021}}</ref>
== Awards == *[[Order of Merit (Ukraine)]], 1st class (2018)<ref>{{cite news |last1=Vygodsky |first1=Andrey |title=Roman Markovich Shvartsman was awarded the Order of Merit for the first degree |url=https://www.kolocol.com/govorit-odessa/3784-romana-markovicha-shvartsmana-nagradili-ordenom-za-zaslugi-i-stepeni.html |accessdate=17 September 2018 |work=NEWSPAPER "PUBLIC SURROUND" |date=15 September 2018}}</ref> *Order of Merit (Ukraine), 2nd class (2013){{Citation needed|date=August 2025}} *Order of Merit (Ukraine), 3rd class (2006)<ref>{{cite web|title=AWARDS MEMBERS OF THE ASSOCIATION|url=http://chabad.odessa.ua/media/pdf/309/jIpE3099865.pdf|website=Chabad Odessa|accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref> *[[Medal "For Distinguished Labour"]] (1977) *Honoured Mechanical Engineer of the Ukrainian SSR (1989) *[[Medal "Veteran of Labour"]] (1985) *Mark of distinction in front of Odesa *Jubilee medal for the State and International merit *Badge of honor the mayor of Odesa "Labour glory"<ref>{{cite web|title=По случаю 80-летия глава ассоциации бывших узников гетто Роман Шварцман награжден почетной наградой Одессы |trans-title=On the occasion of the 80th anniversary head of the Association of former ghetto prisoners Roman Shvartsman was awarded the honorary prize of Odesa|url=http://newsmir.info/686034|website=News Mir|accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=On the occasion of the 80th anniversary head of the Association of former ghetto prisoners Roman Shvartsman was awarded the honorary prize of Odesa|url=http://omr.gov.ua/ru/news/89901/|website=Official site of Odesa city|accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref>
== Public activity == === Odesa regional Association of former ghetto prisoners and concentration camps === In Odesa the first constituent Congress was created, in which was created the International Union of Jews - former prisoners of ghettos and Nazi concentration camps. And only a few years later such associations opened in [[Kyiv]] and Moscow.
In 1991 the Odesa regional Association of the former prisoners of the ghetto and concentration camps was created.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of creation|url=http://www.holocaust-odessa.org/istoriya-sozdaniya/|website=ODESSA REGIONAL ASSOCIATION OF JEWS — FORMER PRISONERS OF GHETTOS AND CONCENTRATION CAMPS|accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref>
The main purpose of the Association is to unite Jews-former prisoners of the ghetto and Nazi concentration camps, during the Second World War, protect their rights and freedoms, coordinate the activities of the associations, located on the territory of Odesa and [[Odesa Oblast]]. The objectives of the Association: countering fascism, [[extremism]] and other manifestations of racial discrimination, identification of places of mass destruction of Jews during the Second World War, perpetuating the memory of genocide victims, perpetuation and search of people, saving Jews, in order to grant them the title of [[Righteous Among the Nations|Righteous among the Nations of the world]].
=== Monuments to the victims of the Holocaust === Particular mention should be made of the activities of the Chairman of the Odesa regional organization of former prisoners of ghetto and concentration camps, Roman Shvartsman: through his efforts it became possible to establish in Odesa, the Odesa region and [[Mykolaiv region]] area more than thirty [[monuments]] and [[memorials]], dedicated to the memory of Jews, destroyed in the [[The Holocaust in Ukraine|Disaster]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Steinman|first1=Michael|title=International conference, dedicated to the 65th anniversary liberation of prisoners from ghettos and concentration camps in nazi-occupied territory|url=http://www.netzulim.org/R/Events/KonfOdessa2009/Shteynman01.html|website=All-Israel Association "Survivors in Concentration Camp and Ghetto"|accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref>
In memory of the [[Holocaust victims|victims of the Holocaust]] on the Lustdorf road, 27 a Memorial complex was built; each year on 23 October a mourning rally occurs.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Vaynblat|first1=Semyon|title=Sad anniversary|url=http://ujew.com.ua/evreyskie%20smi/133.pdf|website=Good Deed|accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Vaynblat|first1=Semyon|title=Sacred memory|url=http://dobroedelo-11.narod.ru/olderfiles/97.pdf|website=Good Deed|accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref>
In this place was found three additional sites with remains, and probably there are two more. Romanian and German occupiers burned 25,000 Jewish children, women, and elderly people.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pipeline workers find mass grave of Jews killed by Nazis|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/jun/06/secondworldwar.ukrain|website=The Guardian|accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref>
As Roman Schwartzman commented:»<ref>{{cite web|title=Hololocaust grave site in Ukraine not protected|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna19097542|website=NBC News|date=7 June 2007 |access-date=22 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=LISOVA|first1=NATASHA|title=Jews Want Control of Grave in Ukraine|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/06/07/AR2007060701183.html|newspaper=Washington post|accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref> {{Blockquote|"Anywhere you dig, you'll find bones-teeth and skulls and it's terrible"}}
In Prokhorovsky Square, on the site of the [[Holocaust memorial]] (road of death), created by the prisoner of the [[Bogdanovka concentration camp]], Yakov Maniovich,<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Zauder |first1=Pavel |date=2012-04-25 |title=ОДЕССА. ЧЕРНЫЕ ДНИ ХОЛОКОСТА |trans-title= ODESA. THE DARK DAYS OF THE HOLOCAUST |url=https://jew-observer.com/pamyat/odessa-chernye-dni-xolokosta/ |access-date=2023-06-08 |website=Еврейский Обозреватель }}</ref> under the guidance of Roman Shvartsman events are constantly held for the care of monuments and the [[Garden of the Righteous Among the Nations|alley of the Righteous Among the Nations]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Vygotsky|first1=Andrey|title=On the "Avenue of the Righteous", held on the landing of the new birches|url=http://www.kolocol.com/govorit-odessa/2412-na-allee-pravednikov-mira-sostoyalas-vysadka-novykh-berez.html|accessdate=22 March 2018|work=Public Surf|date=April 11, 2017}}</ref>
In 2016 in the town of [[Balta, Ukraine|Balta]], on central square the memorial to the victims of the Holocaust was opened, a memorial to the victims of the Holocaust and the Righteous of the Nations of the world, including Queen Elena of [[Romania]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Shvetsova|first1=Liana|title=One who is yesterday's victims forget, maybe tomorrow's victim will be|url=http://baltalife.org/2015/09/25/tot-kto-vcherashnie-zhertvy-zabudet-mozhe/|website=BALTALIFE|date=25 September 2015 |accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref>
The monuments are also open in the village of [[Domanivka|Domanovka]], {{ill|Bohdanivka, Voznesensk Raion, Mykolaiv Oblast|lt=Bogdanovka|uk|Богданівка (Вознесенський район)}}, in the city of [[Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi]], in the city of [[Savran, Ukraine|Savran]], the city of [[Bessarabske]]<ref>{{cite web|last1=TAGANSKY|first1=Victor|title=In memory of the Jews-tarutintsev|url=http://obozrenie-plus.com/pamyati-evreev-tarutincev.html|website=Review plus|accessdate=22 March 2018}}</ref> and many other settlements on the territory of the former Romanian [[Transnistria Governorate]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Zabarko|first1=Boris|title=TRANSNISTRIA: THE PAIN OF OUR MEMORY|url=https://zn.ua/SOCIETY/transnistriya_bol_nashey_pamyati.html|website=ZN, UA|accessdate=23 March 2018}}</ref>
According to Roman Shvartsman, about 240,000 Jews were killed by the Nazis in the territory of Transnistria. In 2015 in the village of Gvozdavka 2<ref>{{cite web|last1=Kapulkin|first1=B.|title=GVOZDAVKA-2: "RANDOM" CEMETERY|url=http://chabad.odessa.ua/media/pdf/312/MBwP3120376.pdf|website=THE WEEKLY NEWSPAPER OF THE SOUTH UKRAINIAN REGIONAL ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH COMMUNITIES|accessdate=23 March 2018}}</ref> a mass grave was discovered with the remains of about 3,500 Jews.<ref>{{cite news|title=В Одесской области найдено захоронение евреев |trans-title=In Odesa region found the burial of Jews |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/russian/international/newsid_6725000/6725785.stm|website=BBC RUSSIAN|date=6 June 2007 |access-date=23 March 2018}}</ref> Later a memorial sign was placed there.<ref>{{cite web|title=Opening of the monument in the village Gvozdavka|url=http://jewukr.org/observer/eo2003/page_show_ru.php?id=3566|website=Jewish observer|accessdate=23 March 2018}}</ref>
== References == {{Reflist}}
== External links == * {{Commons category-inline}} * [https://od-news.com/2018/01/30/v-odesse-zazhgli-shest-pominalnyh-svechej/ Six candles were lit in Odesa] * [http://obozrenie-plus.com/pamyati-evreev-tarutincev.html In memory of the Jews-tarutintsev] * [http://vo.od.ua/rubrics/dalekoe-blizkoe/32306.php Sorrowful lullaby] * [http://vaadua.org/news/v-odesse-pochtili-pamyat-zhertv-holokosta Memory of Holocaust victims honored in Odesa] * [http://www.odvestnik.com.ua/issue/754/15478/ In memory of the victims of the Holocaust]
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Shvartsman, Roman}} [[Category:1936 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:People from Bershad]] [[Category:Recipients of the Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany]] [[Category:Recipients of the Order of Merit (Ukraine), 1st class]] [[Category:Recipients of the Order of Merit (Ukraine), 2nd class]] [[Category:Recipients of the Order of Merit (Ukraine), 3rd class]] [[Category:Soviet Holocaust survivors]] [[Category:Jews from Odesa]] [[Category:Soviet mechanical engineers]] [[Category:Ukrainian mechanical engineers]]