Rockwell 685

{{Infobox aircraft | name = Aero Commander 685 / <br />Rockwell 685 | logo = | logo_size = | image = File:Aero Commander (5730084844).jpg | alt = | caption = Rockwell Commander 685 | long_caption = | other_names = | aircraft_type = Business aircraft | aim = | outcome = | related = | national_origin = United States | manufacturer = Aero Commander/Rockwell International | design_group = | designer = | builder = | issuer = | status = | owners = | primary_user = | more_users = | service = | major_applications = | proposals = | prototypes = | number_built = | construction_number = | civil_registration = | military_serial = | radio_code = | requirement = | aircraft_carried = | flights = | total_hours = | total_distance = | construction_date = | introduction = | retired = | first_flight = 1971 | initiated = | in_service = | last_flight = | expected = | developed_from = Rockwell Commander 690 | variants = | developed_into = | preservation = | fate = | predecessors = | successors = | concluded = }}

The '''Rockwell Commander 685''' or '''Aero Commander 685'''<ref name=fly1973>{{cite magazine |last=Collins |first=Richard L. |title=On Top: Aero Commander 685 |url={{Google books|NWzlTqj0gQ4C|page=100|plainurl=yes}} |magazine=Flying |date=January 1973 |volume=92 |issue=1 |issn=0015-4806 |pages=100–101}}</ref> is a light-twin piston-engined aircraft with a pressurized cabin originally built by the Aero Commander company, a division of Rockwell International from 1965.

The predecessor model was the Aero Commander 690 and the next generation are Aero Commander JetProp series. The Aero Commander 685 had the ICAO aircraft code ''AC6L''<ref>{{cite book |title=ICAO Aircraft Codes |url={{Google books|sS3pAQAAQBAJ|page=115|plainurl=yes}} |page=115 |edition=ACARS - A Users Guide for the Aviation Enthusiast |author-last=Anderson |author-first=Lionel K. |year=2010 |publisher=Las Antalayas Publishing |isbn=978-1-4457-8847-0}}</ref> The introduction was in 1971 and the retired in 1976; in this time are built 66 aircraft.{{cn|date=October 2022|reason=citation to unreliable source removed}}

==Design and development== The Commander 685 was a piston-engined variant of the turboprop-powered Rockwell Commander 690, with two wing-mounted 435 hp Continental GTSIO-520K piston engines in tractor configuration with three-bladed Hartzell feathering propellers. It is a high-wing cantilever monoplane with an enclosed nine-seat cabin and a retractable nose-wheel landing gear. The Model 685 was type certified by the Federal Aviation Administration on 17 September 1971.

==Specifications== {{Aircraft specs |ref=Jane's All the Worlds Aircraft 1976–77<ref name="jawa76p377-8">{{Harvnb|Taylor|1976|pp=377–378}}</ref> |prime units?=imp  |genhide=

|height m= |height ft=14 |height in=11+1/2 |height note= |height sigfig=3 |wing area sqm= |wing area sqft=266 |wing area note= |aspect ratio= |airfoil= |empty weight kg= |empty weight lb=6021 |empty weight note= |gross weight kg= |gross weight lb= |gross weight note= |max takeoff weight kg= |max takeoff weight lb=9000 |max takeoff weight note= |fuel capacity={{convert|256|USgal|impgal L|abbr=on}} standard, {{convert|322|USgal|impgal L|abbr=on}} with auxiliary tanks |lift kg= |lift lb= |lift note= |more general=  |eng1 number=2 |eng1 name=Continental GTSIO-520-F |eng1 type=air-cooled flat-six |eng1 kw= |eng1 hp=435 |eng1 shp= |eng1 kn= |eng1 lbf= |eng1 note= |power original= |thrust original= |eng1 kn-ab= |eng1 lbf-ab=

|perfhide=

|max speed kmh= |max speed mph=279 |max speed kts= |max speed note= at {{convert|20000|ft|m|abbr=on}} (TAS) |max speed mach= |cruise speed kmh= |cruise speed mph= |cruise speed kts=222 |cruise speed note=at {{convert|24000|ft|m|abbr=on}}, (max cruise) (TAS) |stall speed kmh= |stall speed mph= |stall speed kts=75 |stall speed note=(wheels and flaps down), (CAS) |never exceed speed kmh= |never exceed speed mph= |never exceed speed kts= |never exceed speed note= |minimum control speed kmh= |minimum control speed mph= |minimum control speed kts= |minimum control speed note= |range km= |range miles=1920 |range note= (econ cruise at {{convert|20000|ft|m|abbr=on}}, no reserves) |endurance= |ceiling m= |ceiling ft=27500 |ceiling note= |g limits= |roll rate= |glide ratio= |climb rate ms= |climb rate ftmin=1490 |climb rate note= |time to altitude=

|more performance= |avionics= }}

==References== {{reflist}}

*{{cite book |editor-last=Taylor |editor-first=John W. R. |editor-link=John W. R. Taylor |title=Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1976–77 |year=1976 |publisher=Jane's Yearbooks |location=London |isbn= 0-354-00538-3 }}

==Further reading== *{{cite magazine |last=Collins |first=Richard L. |title=On Top: Aero Commander 685 |url={{Google books|tPhKvA9sdHYC|page=78|plainurl=yes}} |magazine=Flying |volume =91 |issue=2 |date=August 1972 |issn=0015-4806 |pages=78, 80}}

==External links== {{commons category-inline|Rockwell 685 Commander}}

685 Category:1970s United States business aircraft Category:High-wing aircraft Category:Aircraft first flown in 1971 Category:Twin piston-engined tractor aircraft Category:Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear