{{Use Australian English|date= July 2014}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}} {{Infobox body of water | name = Rivoli Bay | image =BeachportJetty.JPG | image_size = | caption = {{convert|772|m}} long jetty at [[Beachport]] | pushpin_map = Australia South Australia | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_relief = 1 | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_map_caption = Location in [[South Australia]] | image_bathymetry = | caption_bathymetry = | location = [[Limestone Coast]], [[South Australia]] | coords = {{coord|37.516594|S|140.070026|E|format=dms|type:waterbody_region:AU_region:AU-SA|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_footnotes = <ref name="LMV">{{cite web|title=Search results for 'Rivoli Bay' with the following datasets being selected - 'Suburbs and Localities' and 'Gazetteer' |url=http://location.sa.gov.au/viewer/?map=roads&x=140.09068&y=-37.51845&z=13&uids=19,105&pinx=140.071420&piny=-37.515140&pinTitle=Location&pinText=Rivoli+Bay,+Bay |website=Location SA Map Viewer|publisher=Government of South Australia|access-date=26 November 2018}}</ref> | type = [[Bay]] | inflow = | outflow = | catchment = | basin_countries = [[Australia]] | length = {{convert|11.5|km|abbr=on}}.<ref name=Chart3>{{Citation | author1=South Australia. Department of Marine and Harbors | title=The Waters of South Australia a series of charts, sailing notes and coastal photographs | publication-date=1985 | publisher=Dept. of Marine and Harbors, South Australia | pages= Chart 3|isbn=978-0-7243-7603-2 }}</ref> | width = {{convert|4|km|abbr=on}}<ref name=Chart3/> | area = | depth = | max-depth = {{convert|16.5|m|abbr=on}}<ref name=Chart3/> | volume = | residence_time = | salinity = | shore = | temperature_high = | temperature_low = | frozen = | islands = [[Penguin Island (South Australia)|Penguin Island]] | trenches = | benches = | cities = [[Beachport]]<br />[[Southend, South Australia|Southend]] }}
'''Rivoli Bay''' ({{langx|fr|Baie de Rivoli}}) is a [[bay]] located on the south-east coast of the Australian state of [[South Australia]], about {{convert|311|km|abbr=off}} south-southeast of the state capital of [[Adelaide city centre|Adelaide]] and about {{convert|65|km|abbr=off}} northwest by west of the regional centre of [[Mount Gambier]]. It was named in 1802 by the [[Baudin expedition to Australia|Baudin expedition of 1800–03]] after [[André Masséna]], the Duke of Rivoli and Marshal of France. It is one of four '[[Historic waters|historic bays]]' located on the South Australian coast.
==Extent and description== Rivoli Bay lies between Glenns Point or Cape Martin{{citation needed|date=October 2018}} at its northwestern extremity and '''Cape Buffon''' at its southeastern extremity, on the south-east coast of South Australia. The central part of the bay is described as "obstructed by numerous reefs, rocky patches, and shoals and is dangerous for navigation" and as having "a sandy beach". A small island named [[Penguin Island (South Australia)|Penguin Island]] of {{convert|16|m|abbr=off}} height is located immediately adjacent to Cape Martin.<ref name=Chart3/><ref name=Pub175>{{cite enroute|175|2017|230}}</ref>
Rivoli Bay is one of four bays on the South Australian coast considered by the [[Australian Government]] to be a "historic bay" under the ''Seas and Submerged Lands Act 1973'' and was proclaimed as such in 1987 and again in 2006 and in 2016, with the result that the mouth of the bay is on the [[Baseline (sea)|territorial seas baseline]] and the waters within the bay are [[internal waters]] as per the definition used in [[United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Article 8 Internal waters, Part II, UN Convention on the Law of the Sea|url=https://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/part2.htm|publisher=United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea|access-date=29 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=EXPLANATORY STATEMENT Issued by the authority of the Attorney-General, Seas and Submerged Lands Act 1973, Seas and Submerged Lands (Historic Bays) Proclamation 2006|url=http://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2006L00526/Explanatory%20Statement/Text|publisher=Commonwealth of Australia|access-date=29 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Seas and Submerged Lands (Historic Bays) Proclamation 2016 |url=https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2016L00301 |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia|date=10 March 2016 |access-date=11 October 2016}}</ref>
[[Navigational aid|Navigation aids]] are located at both ends of the bay, with a lighthouse known as the [[Cape Martin Lighthouse]] on the north headland near Cape Martin and a light on the south headland at Cape Buffon.<ref name=Chart3/><ref>{{cite web|title=S.A. - Cape Buffon|url=http://www.maizels.nu/lights/sa/cape_buffon/|publisher=Grant P. Maizels|access-date=29 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Cape Martin Lighthouse at Beachport|url=http://www.lighthouses.org.au/lights/SA/Cape%20Martin/Cape%20Martin.htm|publisher=Lighthouses of Australia Inc|access-date=29 July 2014}}</ref>
==European discovery== [[File:Hundred of Rivoli Bay, 1882 (23158559183).jpg|thumb|right|Map of Rivoli Bay, 1882]] Rivoli Bay was named in 1802 by [[François Péron|Peron]] and [[Louis de Freycinet|Freycinet]] of the Baudin expedition of 1800–03 after [[André Masséna]], the Duke of Rivoli and Marshal of France.<ref name="LMV"/><ref name="Manning">{{cite web|last1=Manning|first1=Geoffrey H.|title=Rivoli Bay (in placenames starting with 'R')|url=http://www.slsa.sa.gov.au/digitalpubs/placenamesofsouthaustralia/R.pdf|website=A Compendium of the Place Names of South Australia From Aaron Creek to Zion Hill With 54 Complementary Appendices|publisher=Gould Genealogy & History|access-date=17 January 2018|date=2012}}</ref>
A shore-based whaling station operated in Rivoli Bay{{where|date=April 2019}} from the late 1830s and into the 1840s.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kostoglou |first1=Parry |last2=McCarthy |first2=Justin |title=Whaling and sealing sites in South Australia |date=1991 |publisher=Australian Institute for Maritime Archaeology |location=Fremantle, WA |page=46}}</ref> It was initially operated by [[William Dutton (captain)|William Dutton]] and the [[Henty Brothers|Henty family]], who were associated with bay whaling at [[Portland Bay]].
[[Australian sea lion]]s were hunted in Rivoli Bay for their skins in the 1870s.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1877-06-16|title=NATURALIST.|pages=3|work=Sydney Mail and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1871 - 1912)|url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article162682274|access-date=2020-06-22}}</ref>
==Ports and other settlements== The following two [[Human settlement|settlements]] are located on its shores: [[Beachport]] and [[Southend, South Australia|Southend]]. Both settlements have port infrastructure consisting of jetties.<ref name=Chart3/>
==Protected areas== The following [[protected area]]s adjoin the bay's extent: the [[Canunda National Park]] and the [[Penguin Island Conservation Park]].<ref>{{cite book|title= Canunda National Park Management Plan|date=1990|publisher=National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment and Planning, South Australia|page=3|url= http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/c37365b2-130b-4e09-8b80-9e4f00b17a4b/PARKS_PDFS_CANUNDA_NP_MP.pdf |access-date=29 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title= Small Coastal Parks of the South East Management Plan|date=1990|publisher=National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment and Planning, South Australia|page=23|url= http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/b92dc434-54d2-410c-b414-9e4f00b1f557/PARKS_PDFS_SML_COAST_PKS_SE_MP.pdf|access-date=29 July 2014}}</ref>
==See also== *[[Rivoli (disambiguation)]] *[[Penguin Island Lighthouse]]
==References== {{Reflist}} {{Limestone Coast}} {{AusplacesnamedbyFrench |state=autocollapse}} {{Bays of South Australia |state=collapsed}}
[[Category:Bays of South Australia]] [[Category:Limestone Coast]] [[Category:Whaling stations in Australia]]