Ritharrngu

{{Short description|Aboriginal Australian people}} {{redirect|Wagilak|the sisters in Yolngu mythology also known as Wagilag and Wawilak|Wawalag}} {{use dmy dates|date=September 2017}} {{Use Australian English|date=August 2018}} The '''Ritharrngu''' ('''Ritharrŋu''', '''Ritharngu''') and also known as the '''Diakui''' (and variant spellings), are an Aboriginal Australian people of Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory, of the Yolŋu group of peoples. Their clans are '''Wagilak''' and '''Manggura''' (of the Dhuwa moiety), and Ritharrŋu (of the Yirritja moiety).

==Language== The Ritharrŋu language is a Yolŋu Matha language. In modern times Ritharrŋu has been observed to be undergoing significant structural changes away from Yolŋu, with innovations in its morphosyntaxis through assimilation of features characteristic of Nunggubuyu and Ŋandi.{{sfn|Heine|Kuteva|2005|pp=166–167}}

==Country== The Ritharrŋu are estimated to have landed estates extending over approximately {{convert|2,200|mi2|km2}} east and south of the Arafura Swamp. They also inhabit the area east of the Goyder River, whose tributaries' headwaters form their southernmost frontier. They also inhabit the area around the Mitchell Ranges and the Koolatong River headwaters.{{sfn|Tindale|1974|p=223}}

Wagilak are amongst the clans living at Ŋukurr (formerly Roper River Mission).{{sfn|Power|2010}}

==Social organisation== The Ritharrŋu are organised into three clans, two pertaining to the Dhuwa moiety and one to the Yirritja moiety of the Yolŋu people.{{sfn|Tindale|1974|p=223}}

'''Dhuwa moieties''' * ''Wagilak'' (Wagelag, Wawilak, Waurilak, Nunydjulpi, Nundjulpi, Nundjulbi) * ''Manggura'' (Manggurra)

'''Yirritja moiety'''

* ''Ritarngu'' (Ritarungo, Ritharrngu, Ridarngo, Ritaringo, Rittarungo, Ritharingau, Ridarngu, Buranadjini){{sfn|Tindale|1974|p=223}}

==Alternative names== * ''Dhiyakuy'' * ''Dijogoi'' * ''Djikai, Jikai, Tchikai''

Source: {{harvnb|Tindale|1974|p=223}}

==Notable people== At Ŋukurr: * Artist Djambu "Sambo" Burra Burra (born c.1946){{sfn|Aboriginal Art|2010}}{{sfn|Japingka Aboriginal Art Gallery|2014}}{{sfn|Power|2010}} * Artist Amy Jirwulurr Johnson (wife of Burra Burra){{sfn|Aboriginal Art|2010}}{{sfn|Japingka Aboriginal Art Gallery|2014}}

==Notes== {{notelist}}

===Citations=== {{Reflist|20em}}

==Sources== {{refbegin|35em}} *{{cite web| title = Djambu Barra Barra Paintings | publisher = Japingka Aboriginal Art Gallery | url = https://japingkaaboriginalart.com/collections/djambu-barra-barra/ | date = 19 July 2014 | access-date = 20 February 2020 | ref = {{harvid|Japingka Aboriginal Art Gallery|2014}} }} *{{Cite book| title = Dreamtime Justice | last = Hall | first = Vic | year = 1962 | author-link = Vic Hall (novelist) | publisher = Rigby | location = Adelaide }} *{{Cite book| title = Language Contact and Grammatical Change | last1 = Heine | first1 = Bernd | last2 = Kuteva | first2 = Tania | year = 2005 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=npOCs6LP4RgC&pg=PA166 | isbn = 978-0-521-60828-2 }} *{{cite news| title = Crossing the divide | last = Power | first = Lisa | newspaper = The Sydney Morning Herald | url = https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/crossing-the-divide-20100730-10zme.html | date = 30 July 2010 | access-date = 20 February 2020 }} *{{cite web| title = Sambo Burra Burra Artist | website = personally-selected-aboriginal-art.com | year = 2010 | url = http://www.personally-selected-aboriginal-art.com/Sambo-Burra-Burra.html | access-date = 20 February 2020 | ref = {{harvid|Aboriginal Art|2010}} }} *{{Cite journal | title = The Tree Dwellers of the Arafura Swamps: A New Type of Bark Canoe from Central Arnhem Land | last = Thomson | first = Donald F. | author-link = Donald F. Thomson | journal = Man | date = August 1939 | volume = 39 | pages = 121–126 | doi = 10.2307/2793391 | jstor = 2793391 }} *{{Cite journal | title = Natives of Groote Eylandt and the west coast of the Gulf of Carpentaria, Part I | last = Tindale | first = Norman | author-link = Norman Tindale | journal = Records of the South Australian Museum | year = 1925 | volume = 3 | pages = 61–102 | url = https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41025182 }} *{{Cite book| chapter = Diakui (NT) | last = Tindale | first = Norman Barnett | year = 1974 | author-link = Norman Tindale | title = Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names | publisher = Australian National University | chapter-url = http://archives.samuseum.sa.gov.au/tindaletribes/diakui.htm }} *{{cite journal | title = Morphology and Functions of the Australian Murngin Type of Kinship | last = Warner | first = William Lloyd | author-link = William Lloyd Warner | journal = American Anthropologist | date = April 1930 | volume = 32 | issue = 2 | pages = 207–256 | doi = 10.1525/aa.1930.32.2.02a00010 | jstor = 661305 }} *{{cite journal | title = Morphology and Functions of the Australian Murngin Type of Kinship (Part II) | last = Warner | first = William Lloyd | author-link = William Lloyd Warner | journal = American Anthropologist | date = April–June 1931 | volume = 33 | issue = 2 | pages = 172–198 | doi = 10.1525/aa.1931.33.2.02a00030 | jstor = 660835 | doi-access = }} {{refend}}

==Further reading== *{{cite web| title = Wagilak, Wawilak | publisher = Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies | url = https://aiatsis.gov.au/research/guides-and-resources/language-and-people-bibliographies/wagilak-wawilak | date = 16 December 2014 }} A [https://aiatsis.gov.au/sites/default/files/docs/collections/language_bibs/wagilak_wawilak.pdf Selected bibliography of the Wagilak / Wawilak language and people held in the AIATSIS Library ]

Category:Yolngu