{{Short description|Irish Jacobite who helped Bonnie Prince Charlie escape Scotland}} [[Colonel]] '''Richard Augustus Warren''' (1705–1775), also known as '''Sir Richard Warren''', was an Irish [[Jacobitism|Jacobite]] soldier who served in the French [[Irish Brigade (France)|Irish Brigade]] and in the [[Jacobite rising of 1745]].<ref name="ODNB">{{Cite ODNB|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/28789|title=Warren, Richard Augustus [Jacobite Sir Richard Warren, baronet]}}</ref> He led the naval mission to rescue [[Charles Edward Stuart]] from Scotland in 1746.<ref>George A. Little, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/30126019 'An Outline for a Life of Warren of Corduff'], ''Dublin Historical Record'', Vol 22, No 3 (October 1968), p.242-250.</ref>
==Biography== Warren was born at [[Corduff]], County Dublin in 1705, the son of John Warren and Mary Jones. The family's financial situation compelled Warren to emigrate to France, where he briefly worked as a merchant in [[Marseille]]. In 1744 he became a volunteer captain in the French army, joining an Irish regiment and fighting at the [[Battle of Fontenoy]]. He was commissioned by [[Louis XV]] to lead two ships of French reinforcements for the 1745 Jacobite rising, landing at [[Stonehaven]] in October 1745 with soldiers for the army of Prince Charles, the Young Pretender.<ref>Murray Pittock, [https://academic.oup.com/edinburgh-scholarship-online/book/28879/chapter-abstract/240431088?redirectedFrom=fulltext ''The Myth of the Jacobite Clans: The Jacobite Army in 1745''] (March 2009), Appendix: The Jacobite Armies, 1688–1746, p.183–194.</ref> Charles promoted Warren to Colonel after observing his construction of battery defences at [[Perth, Scotland|Perth]] and Warren became [[aide-de-camp]] to General [[George Murray (general)|Lord George Murray]].<ref name="ODNB"/> He was present at the [[Siege of Carlisle (November 1745)|Siege of Carlisle]] before returning to France to source further reinforcements. In gratitude for the news, and for the safe delivery of several prisoners captured at the battle, the French court awarded him the rank of colonel, and he was made a knight of the [[Order of Saint Louis]].<ref name="ODNB"/>
===Rescue of Charles Edward Stuart=== [[File:Lochaber No More.jpg|thumb|An 1863 painting depicting Prince Charles leaving Scotland with Richard Warren]] Following the Jacobite defeat at the [[Battle of Culloden]] in April 1746, Warren volunteered to lead the mission to rescue Prince Charles from Scotland. Departing from [[Saint-Malo]] on 31 August with two French ships, ''Le Prince de Conti'' and ''L’Heureux'', he landed at Loch nan Uamh in the [[Sound of Arisaig]] on 6 September.<ref name="ODNB"/> After three weeks of searching, the Prince and his small group of supporters were found and Warren departed with them on 30 September. Warren's ships landed at [[Roscoff]] in north west France on 10 October. On 3 November 1746 [[James Francis Edward Stuart]] made Warren a [[baronet]] in the [[Jacobite peerage]] for "gallant service"; however he was only allowed to use this title publicly after 1751.<ref>Marquis of Ruvigny, [https://books.google.com/books?id=WrUEAAAAIAAJ ''The Jacobite Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Grants of Honour''] (T. C. & E. C. Jack, 1904), p.183-184.</ref>
===French service=== Warren returned to French service and became aide-de-camp to Marshall [[Maurice de Saxe]]. In 1750 he was made "brigadier general of the English troops" as a reward for his loyalty to the Jacobite cause. He visited [[London]] in 1751 and was included on a list of proposed [[attainder]]s for Jacobite rebels in 1752.<ref name="ODNB"/> On the outbreak of the [[Seven Years' War]] in 1756 he was appointed brigadier of infantry in the French army and was given command of the Irish Brigade. In 1762 he became a [[Maréchal de camp]] and soon after a French subject.<ref name="ODNB"/>
He died unmarried and heavily in debt in 1775, having unsuccessfully petitioned the Stuarts for a Jacobite peerage.<ref>Patrick M. Geoghegan, [https://www.dib.ie/biography/warren-richard-augustus-a8935 'Warren, Richard Augustus'], ''Dictionary of Irish Biography''. Retrieved 6 November 2022.</ref>
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Warren, Richard}} [[Category:1705 births]] [[Category:1775 deaths]] [[Category:18th-century Irish people]] [[Category:Baronets in the Jacobite peerage]] [[Category:French military personnel of the Seven Years' War]] [[Category:Irish emigrants to France]] [[Category:Irish Jacobites]] [[Category:Irish soldiers in the French Army]] [[Category:Jacobite military personnel of the Jacobite rising of 1745]] [[Category:Knights of the Order of Saint Louis]]