{{Short description|Brigadier general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War}} {{Infobox military person |name= Richard Griffith |birth_date= {{birth date|1814|1|11}} |death_date= {{death date and age|1862|6|29|1814|1|11}} |image=Richard Griffith.jpg |caption=Richard Griffith |nickname= |birth_place= Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. |death_place= Richmond, Virginia, C.S. |burial_place= Greenwood Cemetery, Jackson, Mississippi |burial_label= Place of burial |allegiance =United States<br/>Confederate States of America |branch= US Army<br>Confederate States Army |service_years= 1846–1847, 1861–1862 |rank= 35px Brigadier General |unit= Army of Northern Virginia |commands= Griffith's Brigade |battles= Mexican–American War<br>American Civil War *Peninsula Campaign |awards= |relations= |other_work= banker, U.S. marshal, Mississippi state treasurer }} thumb|Copy of the portrait of Richard Griffith that hangs in the Old Capital Museum's Mississippi Hall of Fame. '''Richard Griffith''' (January 11, 1814 – June 29, 1862) was a brigadier general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. He was mortally wounded at the Battle of Savage's Station during the 1862 Peninsula Campaign. He was one of a number of Confederate generals who were born in the North in Pennsylvania.

==Early life and career== Richard Griffith was born near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on January 11, 1814 to Richard and Ann Griffith.<ref name=CivilWarTalk>{{cite web|accessdate=2025-01-09 |url=https://civilwartalk.com/threads/griffith-richard.167167/ |title=Richard Griffith|date=11 January 2020 |publisher=CivilWarTalk.com}}</ref>

After graduating from Ohio University in Athens, Ohio, Griffith moved to Vicksburg, Mississippi, in about 1840.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mdah.ms.gov/oldcap/hall-of-fame.php|title=Mississippi Hall of Fame|last=Information|first=Public|date=2009-01-09|website=www.mdah.ms.gov|language=en|access-date=2017-01-27}}</ref> During the Mexican–American War, he served as an infantryman with the 1st Regiment of Mississippi Rifles, where he met and became friends with Colonel Jefferson Davis.

After the Mexican-American War, he returned to civilian life and made his living as a banker and a U.S. Marshal. He was active in state and local politics, and was elected as the State Treasurer of Mississippi in 1847. He was a member of the antebellum Mississippi Militia.

His wife was Sallie Ann Whitfield, and they had four children, including Benjamin Whitfield Griffith who was mayor of Vicksburg, MS, 1905–1909.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/griffis-grim.html#143.43.57|title=The Political Graveyard: Index to Politicians: Griffing to Grime|last=Kestenbaum|first=Lawrence |website=politicalgraveyard.com|access-date=2017-01-27}}</ref>

==Civil War service== [[File:Genrgriffith.jpg|thumb|The burial site of Gen. Richard Griffith in Greenwood Cemetery in Jackson, Mississippi.]]

When the Civil War began, Griffith was appointed colonel of the 12th Mississippi Infantry Regiment in May 1861. He was promoted to brigadier general on November 2 and put in command of a brigade of four Mississippi regiments that became part of Maj. Gen. John B. Magruder's division in April 1862.

He soon saw action in the Seven Days Battles near Richmond, Virginia. It was during this fighting that General Griffith was mortally wounded. On June 29, 1862, Griffith and his men were pursuing Union soldiers retreating from positions on the Nine Mile Road when they encountered elements of Maj. Gen. Edwin V. Sumner's II Corps near Savage's Station, who were guarding the Union forces' retreat. In heavy artillery fire, Griffith was wounded in his thigh by a shell fragment.<ref>{{cite book |last=Smith |first=Derek |title=The Gallant Dead: Union and Confederate Generals Killed in the Civil War |year=2005 |publisher=Stackpole Books |isbn=0-8117-0132-8}}</ref>

When he was informed that he was fatally wounded, it is reported that General Griffith said, "If only I could have led my brigade through this battle, I would have died satisfied." Griffith was taken to Richmond, but succumbed to his wounds the same day. He is buried in Greenwood Cemetery in Jackson, Mississippi.

==Legacy== The loss of General Griffith was much lamented by many, including his long-time friend Jefferson Davis. Of the fighting at Savage's Station he wrote, "Our loss was small in numbers, but great in value. Among others who could ill be spared, here fell the gallant soldier, the useful citizen, the true friend and Christian gentleman, Brigadier General Richard Griffith. He had served with distinction in foreign war, and, when the South was invaded, was among the first to take up arms in defense of our rights."<ref>{{cite book |last=Davis |first=Jefferson |title=The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government |url=https://archive.org/details/risefallofconfed01davi |year=1881 |publisher=D. Appleton and Co. |location=University of Michigan}}</ref>

Later in the war, a group of soldier-musicians called "The McLaws Minstrels," serving under Lafayette McLaws and formerly under General Griffith, would play at a theater in Fredericksburg. They charged a modest admission fee, the proceeds from which were used to erect a monument in the Mississippi State Capitol in honor of their fallen commander.<ref>{{cite book |last=Sears |first=Stephen W. |authorlink=Stephen W. Sears|title=Chancellorsville |year=1998 |publisher=Houghton Mifflin |isbn=0-395-87744-X}}</ref>

His portrait hangs in Beauvoir, the Jefferson Davis Home and Presidential Library, and a copy in the Mississippi Hall of Fame in the Old Capitol Museum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mdah.ms.gov/oldcap/hall-of-fame.php|title=Mississippi Hall of Fame|last=Information|first=Public|date=2009-01-09|website=www.mdah.ms.gov|language=en|access-date=2017-01-27}}</ref> Three blocks from the museum, East and West Griffith Streets are named after him.

==See also== {{portal|American Civil War|Biography}} *List of American Civil War generals (Confederate) thumb|Griffith's widow, Sallie Ann Whitfield, their son Benjamin (mayor of Vicksburg), his wife Cora and their seven children.

==Notes== {{reflist}}

==References== * Davis, Jefferson (1881). ''The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government''. University of Michigan: D. Appleton and Co. * Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher, ''Civil War High Commands.'' Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. {{ISBN|978-0-8047-3641-1}}. * {{cite encyclopedia |last=Losson |first=Christopher |date=April 14, 2018 |title=Richard Griffith |url=http://mississippiencyclopedia.org/entries/richard-griffith/ |encyclopedia=Mississippi Encyclopedia |publisher=Center for Study of Southern Culture |access-date=2025-01-09}} * Sears, Stephen W. (1998). ''Chancellorsville''. Houghton Mifflin. {{ISBN|0-395-87744-X}}. * Sifakis, Stewart. ''Who Was Who in the Civil War.'' New York: Facts On File, 1988. {{ISBN|978-0-8160-1055-4}}. * Smith, Derek (2005). ''The Gallant Dead: Union and Confederate Generals Killed in the Civil War''. Stackpole Books. {{ISBN|0-8117-0132-8}}. * Warner, Ezra J. ''Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders.'' Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959. {{ISBN|978-0-8071-0823-9}}.

==External links== *{{commons category-inline}}

{{s-start}} {{s-off}} {{s-bef|before=William Clark}} {{s-ttl|title=Treasurer of Mississippi|years=1847–1851}} {{s-aft|after=William Clark}} {{s-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Griffith, Richard}} Category:1814 births Category:1862 deaths Category:Military personnel from Philadelphia Category:Confederate States Army brigadier generals Category:American militia generals Category:American military personnel of the Mexican–American War Category:People of Mississippi in the American Civil War Category:Confederate States of America military personnel killed in the American Civil War Category:19th-century United States Marshals Category:Ohio University alumni Category:State treasurers of Mississippi Category:19th-century American politicians Category:Burials at Greenwood Cemetery (Jackson, Mississippi)