Richard Clement Moody

{{Short description|Founder and first lieutenant governor of British Columbia}} {{For|his maternal grandfather the Barbados landowner|Richard Clement (1754–1829)}} {{For|his first cousin the Belgravia cricketer|Richard Clement (cricketer)}} {{For|his first cousin the clergyman and theologian|Clement Moody (clergyman)}} {{For|the Royal Navy officer|Clement Moody (Royal Navy officer)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}} {{Infobox officeholder | honorific_prefix = [[Major general (United Kingdom)|Major-General]] | name = Richard Clement Moody | honorific_suffix = {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|FICE|RASE|FRGS|FSAS|RIBA|}} | image = Richard Clement Moody (1859).JPG | image_size = | caption = Richard Clement Moody in 1859 | alt = | order = [[Governor of the Falkland Islands]] (renamed from Lieutenant-Governor during his tenure in June 1843) | term_start = 01 October 1841 | term_end = July 1848 | monarch = [[Queen Victoria]] | predecessor = None (R. C. Moody Inaugural Holder) | successor = [[George Rennie (sculptor and politician)|George Rennie]] | order2 = [[Lieutenant-Governor of British Columbia]] | term_start2 = 25 December 1858 | term_end2 = July 1863 | monarch2 = [[Queen Victoria]] | predecessor2 = None (R. C. Moody Inaugural Holder) | successor2 = [[Frederick Seymour]] | birth_date = {{birth date|1813|02|13|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Garrison Historic Area|St. Ann's Garrison]], Bridgetown, Barbados | death_date = {{death date and age|1887|03|31|1813|02|13|df=y}} | death_place = [[Bournemouth]], [[England]] | resting_place = [[St Peter's Church, Bournemouth]] | resting_place_coordinates = | birth_name = | party = | other_party = | spouse = {{marriage|[[Hawks family|Mary Susannah Hawks]]|1852}} | children = 13, 11 of which survived infancy, including [[Richard Stanley Hawks Moody]] (b. 1854) | relations = *[[James Leith Moody]] (brother) *[[Hampden Clement Blamire Moody]] (brother) *[[Clement Moody (clergyman)|Clement Moody]] (paternal cousin) *[[Richard Clement (cricketer)|Richard Clement]] (maternal cousin) *[[Reynold Clement]] (maternal cousin) *[[Richard Charles Lowndes]] (grandson) | education = [[Homeschooling|Homeschooled]] | alma_mater = [[Royal Military Academy, Woolwich]] | occupation = Colonial governor; royal engineer; architect | profession = | cabinet = | committees = | portfolio = | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | footnotes = | parents = [[Thomas Moody (British Army officer)|Colonel Thomas Moody ADC Kt.]]<br>[[Richard Clement (1754–1829)|Martha Clement]] | allegiance = {{flag|United Kingdom}} | branch = [[Royal Engineers]] | rank = [[Major-General (British Army)|Major-General]] | service_years = 1829–1866 | commands = *Commander-in-Chief, [[Falkland Islands]] (1841–1848) *Commanding Royal Engineer, [[Newcastle-upon-Tyne]] (1852–1854) *Executive Officer of the [[Crown Colony of Malta]] (1854 – May 1855) *Commanding Royal Engineer, [[Scotland]] (November 1855 – December 1858) *[[Royal Engineers, Columbia Detachment]] (December 1858 – July 1863) *Commanding Royal Engineer, [[Chatham Dockyard]] (1864–1866) }}

[[Major-General (British Army)|Major-General]] '''Richard Clement Moody''' (13 February 1813 – 31 March 1887) was a British [[polymath]] who served as commander of the elite [[Royal Engineers, Columbia Detachment]], as which he was the [[Colony of British Columbia (1858–66)|founder]] and the first [[lieutenant governor of British Columbia|Lieutenant-Governor]] of [[British Columbia]].

Moody was selected to "found a second [[England]] on the shores of the Pacific" by [[Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton]]: who desired to send 'representatives of the best of [[culture of the United Kingdom|British culture]]' who had 'courtesy, high breeding, and urbane knowledge of the world'. The [[Government of the United Kingdom|British Government]] deemed Moody to be the definitive '[[landed gentry|English gentleman]] and British Officer', and his [[Royal Engineers, Columbia Detachment]] were selected for their 'superior discipline and intelligence'. Moody's original title was 'Chief Commissioner of Lands and Works for British Columbia' before he was redesignated the first [[lieutenant governor of British Columbia]]. He has been described as 'a visionary in a plain land', and as ‘a man sensitive to the beauties of nature and capable of expressing his sentiments in beautifully descriptive prose’, and as 'a man who could conceive of Edinburgh Castle in terms of a musical score'.

Moody founded the original capital of [[British Columbia]], [[New Westminster]], for which been described as 'the real father of New Westminster'. Moody also founded the [[Cariboo Road]] and [[Stanley Park]], and named [[Burnaby Lake]] after his secretary [[Robert Burnaby]], and [[Port Coquitlam]]'s 400-foot 'Mary Hill' after his wife, [[Hawks family|Mary Susannah Hawks]]. [[Port Moody]], and Moody Park and Moody Square in New Westminster, are named after him. Moody left his personal library behind to become the public library of New Westminster.

He also was [[Crown Colony of Malta|Commanding Executive Officer of Malta]] during the [[Crimean War]]; and was the first British [[Governor of the Falkland Islands]], of which he founded their capital [[Port Stanley]]. [[Moody Brook]] and Moody Creek in the Falkland Islands, and [[Moody Point]] in [[Antarctica]], are named after him.

==Birth and ancestry== [[File:Arms of Commander Thomas Barrington Moody (b. 1848), Royal Navy.png|thumb|Arms of Richard Clement Moody (1813–1887), shown over the name of his nephew Commander Thomas Barrington Moody (b. 1848) of the Royal Navy.]] Richard Clement Moody was born on 13 February 1813<ref name="Royal Engineers:Richard Clement Moody">{{cite web|url=http://www.royalengineers.ca/Moody.html|title=The Royal Engineers: Colonel Richard Clement Moody|access-date=3 November 2016|archive-date=8 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808000743/http://www.royalengineers.ca/moody.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> at [[Garrison Historic Area|St. Ann's Garrison]], [[Barbados]], into a [[high church]] [[landed gentry]] family with a history of military service,<ref name="Rupprecht"/> which included [[Jacobitism|Jacobites]] and had ancestry in common with [[George Washington]], the founder and first President of the [[United States of America]].<ref>''The Moody Family Record'', by E. Grant Moody of Arizona, Published by the Dr. Thomas Moody Family Association, 1957, p.4</ref><ref>''Dugdale's Visitation of Yorkshire'', ed. by J. W. Clay FSA, William Pollard & Co., The Printing Works, Exeter, 1899, p.235</ref>

He was the third of ten children<ref name="DNB">{{harvp|Vetch1894|page=332}}</ref><ref name="Legacies of British Slave Ownership, UCL">{{cite web|url=http://www.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/person/view/6650|title=Legacies of British Slave-Ownership: Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas Moody: Profile and Legacies Summary|publisher=University College London|access-date=6 June 2016}}</ref> of [[Thomas Moody (British Army officer)|Colonel Thomas Moody, CRE WI, ADC, Kt.]],<ref name="Rupprecht">{{cite journal|last1=Rupprecht|first1=Anita|date=September 2012|title='When he gets among his countrymen, they tell him that he is free': Slave Trade Abolition, Indentured Africans and a Royal Commission|journal=Slavery & Abolition|volume=33 |issue=3 |pages= 435–455|doi=10.1080/0144039X.2012.668300|s2cid=144301729}}</ref> and Martha Clement (1784–1868), who was the daughter of the [[Napoleonic Wars]] veteran and Barbados landowner [[Richard Clement (1754–1829)]]<ref name="Richard Clement UCL">{{cite web|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/person/view/2146640761|title=Richard Clement: Profile and Legacies Summary, ''Legacies of British Slave Ownership'', UCL|publisher=University College London|date=2019}}</ref><ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody">{{cite web |title=Entry for Moody, Richard Clement |work=Dictionary of Falklands Biography |first=David |last=Tatham |url=https://www.falklandsbiographies.org/biographies/moody_richard}}</ref> after whom he was named,<ref name="Imperial Legacy">{{cite web|title=Legacies of British Slave Ownership: Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas Moody: Imperial Legacy Details|url=http://www.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/imperial/view/1837776487}}</ref> and the aunt of [[Belgravia]] cricketers [[Reynold Clement]] and [[Richard Clement (cricketer)|Richard Clement]].<ref name="Hampden Clement UCL">{{cite web|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/person/view/2694|title=Hampden Clement: Profile and Legacies Summary, ''Legacies of British Slave Ownership'', UCL|publisher=University College London|date=2019}}</ref> His father's English residences were [[Bolton Street, London|23 Bolton Street, Mayfair]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PrUNAAAAQAAJ&q=moody+%2223+bolton+street%22&pg=PA236|title=Report of the Incorporated Society for the Conversion and Religious Instruction and Education of the Negro Slaves in the British West India Islands for the Year 1828|author=Incorporated Society for the Conversion and Religious Instruction and Education of the Negro Slaves in the British West India Islands|publisher=R. Gilbert|year=1828|page=236}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8KzkHbtlORIC&q=moody+%2223+bolton+street%22&pg=PA88|title=Report of the Incorporated Society for the Conversion and Religious Instruction and Education of the Negro Slaves in the British West India Islands for the Year 1829|author=Incorporated Society for the Conversion and Religious Instruction and Education of the Negro Slaves in the British West India Islands|publisher=William Clowes, London|year=1829|page=88}}</ref><ref name="Boyle's 1829">{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gu8NAAAAQAAJ&q=moody+bolton|title=Boyle's Fashionable Court and Country Guide, January 1829|author=Eliza Boyle & Son|publisher=Eliza Boyle & Son, 284 Regent Street, London|year=1829|page=436}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2DZbAAAAQAAJ&q=moody+%2223+bolton+street%22&pg=RA4-PA2|title=Letter of Thomas Moody, late Commissioner for inquiring into the State of Captured Negroes, 7 July 1828, in Papers Relating to the Slave Trade, of the Session 29 January – 28 July 1828, Vol. XXVI|author=Thomas Moody (1779–1849)|publisher=House of Commons|year=1828}}</ref> and [[Curzon Street|13 Curzon Street, Mayfair]].<ref name="Boyle's 1829"/>

His first cousin was the [[high church]] clergyman, theologian, classical scholar, and [[Holy Royal Arch|freemason]], [[Clement Moody (clergyman)|Clement Moody, Vicar of Newcastle]].<ref name="Legacies of British Slave Ownership, UCL"/><ref name="AO">{{alox2|title=Moody, Clement}}</ref> His eldest paternal uncle, Charles Moody, of Longtown, was a [[gentleman farmer]]<ref name="Eskdale">{{cite web|title=Eskdale Cumbria 1806 Census, Cumbria Local Government|url=https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Felibrary.cumbria.gov.uk%2Felibrary%2FContent%2FInternet%2F542%2F795%2F6637%2F43006163113.XLSX&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK}}</ref> who inherited the family's trade of foreign food-commodities. His paternal grandmother was Barbara Blamire of [[Cumberland]], a cousin of [[William Blamire|William Blamire MP High Sheriff of Cumberland]] and of the poet [[Susanna Blamire]].

===Siblings=== Richard Clement Moody's siblings included [[Major (United Kingdom)|Major]] Thomas Moody (1809–1839);<ref name="The Gentleman's Magazine 1839, p.214">''The Gentleman's Magazine'', Volume XII, by Sylvanus Urban, July to December 1839, p.214</ref> The Rev. [[James Leith Moody]] (1816–1896),<ref name="DFB James Leith Moody">{{cite web|title=Entry for Moody, James Leith |work=Dictionary of Falklands Biography|first=David |last=Tatham |url=https://www.falklandsbiographies.org/biographies/moody_james}}</ref><ref name="Legacies of British Slave Ownership, UCL" /><ref name="DNB" /> Chaplain to the [[Royal Navy]] in [[China]], and to the [[British Army]] in the [[Falkland Islands]], [[Gibraltar]], [[Malta]] and [[Crimea]]);<ref>{{cite book | last = Hughes-Hughes| first = W. O. | title = Entry for Moody, James Leith, in The Register of Tonbridge School from 1820 to 1893| page=30 | publisher=Richard Bentley and Son, London| year=1893}}</ref> [[Hampden Clement Blamire Moody|Colonel Hampden Clement Blamire Moody CB]] (1821–1869),<ref name="Legacies of British Slave Ownership, UCL"/><ref name="DNB"/> Commander of the [[Royal Engineers]] in [[China]]<ref>{{cite book | last = War Office of Great Britain |title =Return to an Address of the Honourable The House of Commons, dated 25 June, 1863 : for, "Copy of the Correspondence Between the Military Authorities at Shanghai and the War Office Respecting the Insalubrity of Shanghai as a Station for European Troops:" "And, Numerical Return of Sickness and Mortality of the Troops of All Arms at Shanghai, from the Year 1860 to the Latest Date, showing the Per-centage upon the Total Strength"|page =107| year=1863}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = Meehan | first = John D.|title =Chasing the Dragon in Shanghai: Canada's Early Relations with China, 1858–1952|page =17}}</ref> during the [[Second Opium War]] and the [[Taiping Rebellion]]); and the sugar-manufacture expert [[Shute Barrington Moody]],<ref name="Headstone SBM">Headstone of Shute Barrington Moody, St. Matthew's Church, Kensington Road, Marryatville, Adelaide, South Australia</ref><ref name="Legacies of British Slave Ownership, UCL"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://calmview.derbyshire.gov.uk/CalmView/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&id=D3155%2FC%2F6907|title=Lieut. [Col.] Thomas Moody to Sir Robert Wilmot Horton, 16 May 1833, Archive Reference/Library Class No. D3155/C/6907, Wilmot-Horton family Correspondence, Derbyshire Record Office|access-date=3 November 2016}}</ref> through whom his nephew was Commander Thomas Barrington Moody (b. 1848) of the Royal Navy.<ref name="Journal of Thomas Barrington Moody">{{cite web|url=https://www.unsw.adfa.edu.au/sites/default/files/documents/Special%20Collections%20Research%20Guide_Ship%20logs%20and%20naval%20diaries.pdf|title=Journal of Thomas Barrington Moody|publisher=UNSW Canberra|year=2017}}</ref>

==Education== [[File:Richard Clement Moody (1813 - 1887), later founder of British Columbia, as a Gentleman Cadet.jpg|thumb|Richard Clement Moody (1813–1887) as a Gentleman Cadet of the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich]] Richard Clement Moody was [[Homeschooling|educated by private tutors]].<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> His primary intellectual influence were the works of [[Montesquieu]], and he was said to be interested from a young age in 'political economy and in learning the character and peculiarities of the people amongst whom he was thrown',<ref>''The Royal Engineers Journal'', Volume 101, September 1987, p.212</ref> and he was trained as a diplomat.{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=19}} He has been described as a 'cultured theoretician',{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=19}} and as ‘a man sensitive to the beauties of nature and capable of expressing his sentiments in beautifully descriptive prose’ and as having ‘a fine sense of humour’,<ref name="BCHQ"/> and as 'a visionary in a plain land' and 'a man who could conceive of Edinburgh Castle in terms of a musical score'.{{sfnp|Scott|1983|pages=56–57}}

Like his father [[Thomas Moody (British Army officer)|Colonel Thomas Moody, CRE WI, ADC, Kt.]] and like his brother [[Hampden Clement Blamire Moody]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://app.pch.gc.ca/application/aac-aic/artiste_detailler_av-artist_detail_adv.app?rID=42107&fID=2&lang=en&qlang=en&pID=1&an=Moody&sf1=BP&con1=AND&sf2=DP&con2=AND&mcon=AND&msf=ARRF&dsf=BDATE&dcp=EQUALS&flcon=AND&flcp1=GREATER_OR_EQUAL&flcp2=LESS_OR_EQUAL&dcon=AND&scon=AND&acon=AND&ccon=AND&tcon=AND&fcon=AND&ncp=EQUALS&sort=AM_ASC&ps=50|publisher=Government of Canada: Canadian Artists Online |title=Moody, Hampden Clement|date=17 October 2012 |access-date=3 June 2017}}</ref> Richard Clement Moody was a [[polymath]] who excelled in engineering, architecture, and music.<ref name="Richard Clement Moody Obituary, ICE"/> He planned the restoration of [[Edinburgh Castle]] using music,<ref name="Richard Clement Moody Obituary, ICE"/>{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=19}}<ref name="DNB"/> with which [[Queen Victoria]] and [[Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Prince Albert]], were delighted, but his plan was not ever constructed.<ref name="Richard Clement Moody Obituary, ICE">''Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers'', Volume 90, Issue 1887, 1887, pp. 453–455, OBITUARY. MAJOR-GENERAL RICHARD CLEMENT MOODY, R.E., 1813–1887.</ref>

He was from the age of 14 years educated as a Gentleman Cadet at the [[Royal Military Academy, Woolwich]],<ref name="Ormsby">{{harvp|Ormsby|1982}}</ref> at which he became Head of School during his second year and graduated during his third year.<ref name="Richard Clement Moody Obituary, ICE" />

==Overview of military and civic career== Richard Clement Moody trained on the [[Ordnance Survey]] in 1829,<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> when he received an inheritance from his maternal grandfather the landowner [[Richard Clement (1754 – 1829)]].<ref name="Richard Clement UCL"/>

Moody was commissioned as a Second Lieutenant in the [[Royal Engineers]], in which his father was a prestigious officer, in 1830.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> The Royal Engineers during the 19th century were a socially exclusive elite<ref name="BCH">{{cite web|url=https://britishcolumbiahistory.ca/sections/periods/Colonies_and_Colonization/Moody_Royal_Engineers-1858.html|title=BritishColumbiaHistory, Moody and the Royal Engineers}}</ref> land-marine force, whose officers were drawn from the [[upper middle class]] and [[landed gentry]] of British society, who performed, in addition to military engineering, 'reconnaissance work, led storming parties, demolished obstacles in assaults, carried out rear-guard actions in retreats and other hazardous tasks'.<ref>{{cite web| last = Hammond| first = Peter| title = General Charles Gordon and the Mahdi Faith Under Fire in the Sudan| publisher = Reformation Society| date = August 1998| url = http://www.reformationsa.org/index.php/history/334-general-charles-gordon| accessdate = 2 June 2017| archive-date = 1 December 2017| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171201033310/http://www.reformationsa.org/index.php/history/334-general-charles-gordon| url-status = dead}}</ref>

Moody was promoted to Lieutenant 1835, to Second Captain in 1844, to Captain in 1847, to Major in January 1855,<ref>''The London Gazette'', 30 January 1855</ref> to Lieutenant-Colonel in 1856,<ref name="ODNB, Richard Clement Moody"/> to Colonel in 1858, and to [[Major-General (British Army)|Major-General]] in 1866.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/><ref name="DNB"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://royalengineers.ca/SapperJune1958.html|title=The Sapper Vol. 5 No. 1 June 1958|access-date=4 July 2016|archive-date=26 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126044739/http://royalengineers.ca/SapperJune1958.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Moody worked on the Ordnance Survey in Ireland from 30 May 1832 until he became ill during 1833.<ref name="ODNB, Richard Clement Moody"/> He served on [[Saint Vincent (Antilles)]] from October 1833<ref name="DNB"/><ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> to September 1837,<ref name="DNB"/> where his elder brother Thomas died in 1839,<ref name="The Gentleman's Magazine 1839, p.214"/> until he contracted [[yellow fever]].<ref name="ODNB, Richard Clement Moody"/><ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> He subsequently during his sick-leave toured the [[United States]], with [[Charles Felix Smith|Sir Charles Felix Smith]],<ref name="ODNB, Richard Clement Moody"/> from 1837<ref name="DNB"/> to 1838.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> On his return from the USA, Moody was stationed at Devonport.<ref name="DNB"/> Moody served as Professor of Fortifications at [[Royal Military Academy, Woolwich]] from July 1838<ref name="DNB"/> to October 1841.<ref name="RCM Album">{{cite web|url=http://api.ning.com/files/Pwx68GFnuuBDqb1wRfgoMEsaVMh9l6ZFcQE1PZO3RYpLzYY8Iwih2339ABomznAmgVyXNL97XKu75RxFRY8u31wYPO9QaQoI/MOODYAlbumINFO2a.pdf|title=The Photographic Album of Richard Clement Moody, Royal British Columbia Museum}}</ref><ref name="DNB"/><ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/>

Moody was in October 1841 appointed Lieutenant-Governor of the Falkland-Islands: this office was renamed Governor of the Falkland Islands in June 1843, when he also became Commander-in-Chief of the Falkland Islands. He served in these offices until July 1848, when he left Stanley, and arrived in England in February 1849.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/><ref name="DNB"/> Moody in 1848 received the [[Order of Military Merit (France)|Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Military Merit of France]].<ref name=" Army List 1848">{{cite book |title=The New Annual Army List for 1848, p.683|publisher=Au Bureau Du Spectateur Militaire, 1848}}</ref><ref name="RCM Grand Cross">{{cite web|title=Statue of R. C. Moody in Sash and Star of Knight Grand Cross of Institution du Mérite Militaire (1848)|url=https://www.leg.bc.ca/dyl/Pages/Col-RC-Moody.aspx#lg=1&slide=0|access-date=25 April 2022|publisher=Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, Col. R. C. Moody|archive-date=29 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129032204/https://www.leg.bc.ca/dyl/Pages/Col-RC-Moody.aspx#lg=1&slide=0|url-status=dead}}</ref>

He served as an [[aide-de-camp]] to the British Colonial Office, on special service, from August 1849.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> He served at [[Chatham Dockyard]] and at Plymouth during 1851.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/><ref name="DNB"/> Moody was appointed Commanding Royal Engineer of [[Newcastle-upon-Tyne]] in 1852, as which he served until 1854.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/><ref name="DNB"/> Moody was Executive Officer at [[Malta]], during 1854, during the [[Crimean War]], but was compelled to resign from this post in May 1855<ref name="DNB"/> as a consequence of [[yellow fever]].<ref name="ODNB, Richard Clement Moody"/> He was appointed Commander of the Royal Engineers in Scotland in November 1855,<ref name="DNB"/><ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> and toured [[Germany]] in 1856.<ref name="ODNB, Richard Clement Moody"/>

Moody was appointed the Commander of the elite [[Royal Engineers, Columbia Detachment]];<ref name="BCH"/> the Chief Commissioner of Lands and Works for British Columbia; and the first [[Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia|lieutenant governor of British Columbia]], from December 1858 to July 1863.<ref name="DNB"/><ref name="Royal Engineers:Richard Clement Moody"/>

Moody returned to England from British Columbia in December 1863,<ref name="DNB"/> whilst he continued to own over 3049 acres of land in British Columbia.<ref name="Land Holdings">'Colonel Moody and the Royal Engineers in British Columbia', by Lillian Cope, 1940, Appendix IX 'Letter from Colonel R. C. Moody to Henry Pering Pellew Crease, 2 December 1873, List of land owned by Colonel Moody in British Columbia'</ref> Moody was Commanding Royal Engineer at [[Chatham Dockyard]] between March 1864 and January 1866.<ref name="DNB"/><ref name="Richard Clement Moody Obituary, ICE" /><ref name="Royal Engineers:Richard Clement Moody"/><ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> On 25 January 1866, he was promoted to [[Major-General (British Army)|Major-General]], and he retired from the British Army, on full pay, later that month.<ref name="DNB"/> He subsequently served as a Municipal Commissioner during 1868.<ref name="ODNB, Richard Clement Moody"/>

===Avocational life=== Moody subsequent to his retirement in 1866 lived 'in great seclusion until his death' in 1887.<ref name="Richard Clement Moody Obituary, ICE"/> His friends included the biologist [[Joseph Dalton Hooker|Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker]],<ref name="DFB James Ross"/> the statesman and novelist [[Edward Bulwer-Lytton|Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton]]<ref name="Rambling Recollections"/> (whose dilettante [[Rosicrucian]] novels he deemed to be 'fairy-chasing charlatanism' and moyenne bourgeois), and the lawyer [[Henry Pering Pellew Crease|Sir Henry Pering Pellew Crease]] and his family.<ref name="RCM Album"/>

Moody was elected an Associate of the [[Institution of Civil Engineers]] on 23 April 1839, and was therefore one of its oldest members. He was also an Honorary Associate of the [[Royal Institute of British Architects]], a [[Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society]], a Fellow of the [[Society of Antiquaries of Scotland]],<ref name="SAS">''Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, Seventy-Sixth Session, 1855– 1856'', p.133, 10 December 1855</ref> and a Member of the [[Royal Agricultural Society of England|Royal Agricultural Society]].<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/><ref name="Richard Clement Moody Obituary, ICE" />

Moody during his retirement lived at [[Burwarton]], Shropshire;<ref name="WN"/> and at [[Caynham|Caynham House, Ludlow, Shropshire]]; and at Woodfield, [[Weston under Penyard]];<ref>'The Late Captain Moody', ''The Evening Express'', 29 December 1900</ref> and later at Fairfield House, [[Charmouth]], [[Lyme Regis]].<ref name="RCM Album"/><ref name="DNB"/>

Moody died at The Royal Bath Hotel, Bournemouth, on 31 March 1887,<ref name="DNB"/> whilst visiting Bournemouth with his daughter,<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> and was buried at [[St Peter's Church, Bournemouth]].<ref name="SPB">{{cite web|url=https://www.opcdorset.org/Bournemouth/BournemouthStPeterBurs1846-1969.htm|title=Entry for Moody, Richard Clement, Burials at St. Peter's Church, Bournemouth, 1846 – 1969, OPC Dorset|access-date=3 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="RCM Album"/> He left over £24,000 in money (about £1.6 million in 21st century money) in addition to his estates<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> which included over 3049 acres in British Columbia.<ref name="Land Holdings"/>

==Governor of the Falkland Islands (October 1841 – July 1848)== ===Settlement=== In 1833 the Great Britain asserted its authority over the Falkland Islands. In 1841, Moody, who was aged only 28 years, was appointed, on the recommendation of [[Hussey Vivian, 1st Baron Vivian|Lord Vivian]], to be the first Lieutenant-Governor of the Falkland Islands.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> It is likely that the lauded reputation, at the Colonial Office, of Richard Clement Moody's father, [[Thomas Moody (British Army officer)|Colonel Thomas Moody, CRE WI, ADC, Kt.]], contributed to the Office's decision to appoint him at an unprecedentedly young age,<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> and to grant him powers that were exceptional relative to those of other British Colonial Governors.<ref name="DNB"/> Moody was directed by [[Lord John Russell]] to exercise an authority of 'influence, persuasion, and example'.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> Richard Clement Moody departed England, for The Falkland Islands, on the ''Hebe'', on 01 October 1841.<ref name="DNB"/><ref name="Government of the Falkland Islands 2013 Administration and Government">{{cite book|last=Government of the Falkland Islands|title=Our Islands, Our History|year=2013|publisher=Falkland Islands Museum and National Trust, Falkland Islands|page=Administration and Government}}</ref> He inserted into a bottle, which he threw overboard off the Bill of Portland on his journey to the Falkland Islands, a letter to his sister Sophia Moody: the bottle and its letter was, after 34 days in the water, washed ashore at Blatchington, near Brighton, and delivered to Sophia Moody at [[Guernsey]].<ref>''The Norfolk Chronicle'', 24 December 1841, p. 4</ref>

When Moody arrived, on the ''Hebe'',<ref name="Falkland Islands Newsletter">{{cite magazine |date=December 2005|title=Falkland Islands Newsletter |location=Falkland Islands |publisher=Falkland Islands Association|issue=89 |page=9}}</ref> at [[Port Louis, Falkland Islands|Port Louis]] on 16 January 1842,<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> the Falklands was 'almost in a state of anarchy', but he used his powers 'with great wisdom and moderation'<ref name="DNB"/><ref name="Richard Clement Moody Obituary, ICE" /> to develop the Islands' infrastructure.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> Moody's General Report of the Falkland Islands for the British Government was completed on 14 April 1842 and was sent to London on 3 May.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> In his General Report, Moody recommended that the Government encourage settlers and promote extensive sheep farming. He estimated that the population of sheep were 40,000 in 1842 and encouraged the Government to import quality stock from Britain to be crossed with the local breeds: this policy was implemented to considerable success and was adopted by future settlers.<ref name="Government of the Falkland Islands 2013 Administration and Government"/>

Moody's office was renamed [[Governor of the Falkland Islands]] in June 1843, when he became Commander-in-Chief of the Falkland Islands.<ref name="Falkland Islands Newsletter"/> Moody's secretary, Murrell Robinson Robinson {{sic}}, a surveyor and engineer, was the nephew of one of Moody's tutors.<ref name="DFB Murrell">{{cite web|title=Entry for Robinson, Murrell Robinson |work=Dictionary of Falklands Biography |first=David |last=Tatham |url=https://www.falklandsbiographies.org/biographies/393}}</ref> Moody appointed Robinson as a JP in June 1843, but banished him from the Islands in March 1845, with the statement that he set-out 'axe in hand' for some other colony.<ref name="DFB Murrell"/> The botanist [[Joseph Dalton Hooker]], who arrived on the Islands with the expedition of [[James Clark Ross|Sir James Clark Ross]], described Moody as 'a very active and intelligent young man, most anxious to improve the colony and gain every information{{sic}} respecting its products'. Moody granted Hooker use of his personal library, which Hooker described as 'excellent',<ref name="DFB Hooker">{{cite web|title=Entry for Hooker, Sir Joseph Dalton |work=Dictionary of Falklands Biography |first=David |last=Tatham |url=https://www.falklandsbiographies.org/biographies/hooker_sir}}</ref> and the two became friends.<ref name="DFB James Ross">{{cite web |title=Entry for Ross, Sir James Clark |work=Dictionary of Falklands Biography |first=David |last=Tatham |url=https://www.falklandsbiographies.org/biographies/ross_sir}}</ref> Moody's refusal to acquiesce to George Thomas Whitington's attempt to force him to travel in the brig ''Alarm'' provoked a feud between their families (the latter of which included John Bull Whitington in The Falkland Islands) that continued during Moody's tenure as Governor of the Falkland Islands and in the Colonial Magazine of November 1844, during which Moody said of John Bull Whitington that it was 'unbecoming my station to take any further notice of this individual'.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/>

===Foundation of Stanley=== Shortly after Moody's arrival in 1842, Sir [[James Clark Ross]], when his [[Antarctic]] expedition sailed into Port Louis, advised Moody to choose for the capital city a site that was more easily accessible to sailing ships than Port Louis.<ref>{{cite book|last=Government of the Falkland Islands|title=Our Islands, Our History|year=2013|publisher=Falkland Islands Museum and National Trust, Falkland Islands|page=Origins: The Sea and Islands}}</ref> Moody consequently investigated the suitability of [[Lord John Russell]]'s recommendation of Port William,<ref name="Falkland Islands Newsletter"/> which Moody concluded to be the best site and renamed [[Port Stanley]] after [[Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby|Lord Stanley]], who was the Secretary of State for War and the Colonies. Moody founded and developed the city, to which, during 1845, he moved The Falkland Islands' administration.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> Moody designed Government House in Stanley that was completed in 1850 and after he had returned to England. Sir James Ross subsequently named [[Moody Point]], off [[Joinville Island]] in [[Antarctica]], after Moody.<ref name=gnis>{{cite gnis | type = antarid | id = 10199| name = Moody Point | accessdate = 2013-11-04}}</ref>

Moody levied a tax on alcohol, and, because there was a lack of currency on the island, issued his own currency of promissory notes. These two practices resolved immediate problems on the Islands: but Moody was criticized in Parliament, by [[Sir William Molesworth, 8th Baronet]], for the latter.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> In June 1843, when Moody's office was renamed 'Governor' (from Lieutenant-Governor), Moody was instructed by the Colonial Office to establish a colonial administration with a Legislative Council and an Executive Council.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> The records of Moody's 'conscientious' and 'impressive' administration of Falkland are held in the Jane Cameron National Archives in Stanley.<ref name="Government of the Falkland Islands 2013 Administration and Government"/> Moody enacted laws and collected other duties or taxes. He asked the British authorities for a doctor, a magistrate, and a chaplain: all three were dispatched, and the latter was Moody's brother, [[James Leith Moody]],<ref name="DFB James Leith Moody"/> who, after his arrival in October 1845, was 'querulous and eccentric' in a feud with his brother.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> Richard Clement established residences, Government offices, a barracks, a new road system, docks, a court of law, a gaol, a school, a church, a graveyard, and a police force.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> He established the requested Executive Council and a Legislative Council in 1845, each of which consisted of British officials, merchants, and local landowners.<ref name="Government of the Falkland Islands 2013 Administration and Government"/><ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> Moody's governance was impeded by the incompetence of the several members of his administration whom he dismissed.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> However, when during 1846 [[Henry Grey, 3rd Earl Grey]] became [[Secretary of State for War and the Colonies]], the Colonial Office became less sympathetic to Moody.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/>

Moody repudiated the original European settlers of The Falkland Islands but commended his Royal Engineers: he wrote, ''our community... chiefly composed of men of the lowest class, formerly seamen in whale ships & sealers, foreigners and Spanish gauchos... the only persons opposed to such wretched material for the formation of a colony are the 5 or 6 gentlemen and the detachment of Royal Sappers and Miners.''<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/>

===Militia=== In 1845, animosity on the [[Río de la Plata|River Plate]] between the British and the French fleets and the [[Government of Argentina|Argentine Government]] of [[Juan Manuel de Rosas]] provoked Moody to request an artillery contingent from Britain and to use his Royal Engineers to train a militia from The Falkland Islands' population. In 1891, the militia that was founded by Moody was renamed The Falkland Islands Volunteer Force, and it was subsequently renamed again to the [[Falkland Islands Defence Force]], and it was involved in both World Wars and in the [[Falklands War|Argentine invasion of the Falkland Islands in 1982]],<ref name="Government of the Falkland Islands 2013 Administration and Government"/> when, coincidentally, a centre of the Argentinian offensive was [[Moody Brook]] which was named after Moody.

===Permanent infrastructure=== Moody's authority provoked antipathy in his inequable brother James Leith Moody, the Chaplain to the British Force in the Islands from October 1845.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> However, his tenure was a success, the consequence of which has been 180 years of [[Legislative Council of the Falkland Islands|British administration of the islands]].<ref name="Government of the Falkland Islands 2013 Administration and Government"/>

In 1994, to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the founding of Stanley, Moody, together with James Clark Ross and Lord Stanley, was commemorated on Falkland Islands stamps issued.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/><ref name="Falkland Islands Newsletter"/> Government House in Stanley, which was designed by Moody, featured on the stamps issued in 1933, to commemorate the Centenary, on those issued in 1983, to commemorate 150 years of British administration of the Islands, and on those issued in 1996 to commemorate the visit, in January of that year, by [[Princess Anne]].<ref name="Falkland Islands Newsletter"/> [[Moody Brook]] and Moody Creek, near Port Stanley, are named after Moody.<ref name="ODNB, Richard Clement Moody">{{cite ODNB |id=19085 |title=Entry for Moody, Richard Clement |first=John |last=Sweetman}}</ref>

In 1845 Moody introduced [[tussock grass]] into Great Britain from The Falkland Islands for which he received the Gold Medal of the [[Royal Agricultural Society of England|Royal Agricultural Society]].<ref name="DNB"/><ref name="ODNB, Richard Clement Moody"/> Moody wrote an account of tussock grass in the Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society (IV. 17, V. 50, VII. 73).<ref name="DNB"/> The [[Coat of arms of the Falkland Islands]] notably includes an image of tussock grass.<ref>{{cite book|last=Wagstaff|first=William|title=Falkland Islands|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LBSzvruimFgC&pg=PA18|access-date=1 February 2013|year=2001|publisher=Bradt Travel Guides|isbn=9781841620374|page=18}}</ref>

Moody left the Falkland Islands, for England, on HM Transport ''Nautilus'', in July 1848.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> Moody arrived in England on 29 November 1848.<ref>''The History of the Corps of Royal Sappers and Miners'', by T. W. J. Connolley, Vol. II, Published by Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, London, 1855, p. 99</ref>

==Britain and Malta (February 1849 – October 1858)== Moody in 1848 received the [[Order of Military Merit (France)|Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Military Merit of France]].<ref name="Army List 1848"/><ref name="RCM Grand Cross"/> He served as an [[aide-de-camp]] to the British Colonial Office, on special service, from August 1849<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> and tended to his father, [[Thomas Moody (British Army officer)|Colonel Thomas Moody, CRE WI, ADC, Kt.]]<ref name="RCM Album"/>

Richard Clement Moody served at [[Chatham Dockyard]] and at Plymouth during 1851.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/><ref name="DNB"/> He was Commanding Royal Engineer of [[Newcastle-upon-Tyne]] from 1852 until 1854,<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/><ref name="DNB"/> as which he directed the response to the burst reservoir at Holmfirth, Yorkshire, from 5 February 1852, which destroyed life and property.<ref name="DNB"/> Moody was promoted to [[Colonel (British Army)|Regimental Colonel]] on 8 December 1853<ref name="DNB"/> and was appointed Executive Officer of [[Crown Colony of Malta|Malta]], during 1854, during the [[Crimean War]]. Whilst at Malta, his eldest son, [[Richard Stanley Hawks Moody]], later a distinguished Colonel, was born, on 23 October 1854, at [[Valletta]].<ref name="RSHM Malta"/> Richard Clement Moody was compelled by his [[Yellow Fever]]<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> to resign from his office in Malta during May 1855,<ref name="DNB"/> after which he recuperated on a tour of Germany.<ref name="DNB"/> He was appointed as [[Scotland|Commander of the Royal Engineers in Scotland]] in November 1855, as which he served until October 1858,<ref name="DNB"/><ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> and was elected as a Fellow of the [[Society of Antiquaries of Scotland]].<ref name="SAS"/> Moody was involved in Scottish architectural projects,<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> and enjoyed the intellectual society of Edinburgh.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/><ref name="Richard Clement Moody Obituary, ICE"/>

===Musical Plan for Edinburgh Castle and Queen Victoria=== Whilst in Germany during 1855, Moody composed plans for the restoration of [[Edinburgh Castle]] in which measurements were made 'drawn to musical [[chord (music)|chord]]s'.<ref name="Richard Clement Moody Obituary, ICE"/>{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=19}}<ref name="DNB"/> He has been described as 'a visionary in a plain land' and 'a man who could conceive of Edinburgh Castle in terms of a musical score'.{{sfnp|Scott|1983|pages=56–57}} His plans so impressed [[Lord Panmure]] that he was invited to Windsor Castle to present them to [[Queen Victoria]] and [[Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Prince Albert]], both of whom were musicians and both of whom were delighted.<ref name="Richard Clement Moody Obituary, ICE" /><ref name="royalengineers.ca">{{cite web|url=http://www.royalengineers.ca/MoodyPreBC.html|title=Royal Engineers: Colonel Richard Clement Moody Prior to British Columbia|access-date=4 July 2016|archive-date=6 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160606135531/http://www.royalengineers.ca/MoodyPreBC.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="DNB"/><ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> The construction of Moody's plans was impeded by the retirement of [[Lord Panmure]], but they are retained at the [[War Office]], where 'they still remain a memorial to Moody's talent'.<ref name="Richard Clement Moody Obituary, ICE"/>

==Founder and first lieutenant governor of British Columbia (October 1858 – July 1863)== ===Selection=== [[File:British Columbia in Canada 2.svg|thumb| Moody was the founder of [[British Columbia]]]] When news of the [[Fraser Canyon Gold Rush]] reached London, [[Sir Edward Bulwer-Lytton]], Secretary of State for the Colonies, requested the War Office to recommend a field officer who was 'a man of good judgement possessing a knowledge of mankind' to lead 150 (which was later increased to 172) Royal Engineers who had been selected for their 'superior discipline and intelligence'.<ref name="Ormsby"/> Lytton desired to send to the colony 'representatives of the best of British culture, not just a police force', to send men who possessed 'courtesy, high breeding and urbane knowledge of the world',{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=13}} such as Moody, whom the Government considered to be the archetypal 'English gentleman and British Officer',{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=19}} whom the War Office chose. Lord Lytton, who described Moody as his 'distinguished friend',<ref name="Rambling Recollections">{{cite book|title=Rambling Recollections, Vol. 1|last=Drummond|first=Sir Henry|page=272|chapter=XXIII|year=1908|publisher=Macmillan and Co., London}}</ref> accepted their nomination, as a consequence of Moody's military record, and of Moody's success as Governor of the Falkland Islands, and of distinguished geopolitical record of Moody's father, [[Thomas Moody (British Army officer)|Colonel Thomas Moody, CRE WI, ADC, Kt.]], at the Colonial Office,<ref name="Ormsby"/> and of Moody's brother [[Hampden Clement Blamire Moody|Colonel Hampden Clement Blamire Moody]], who had already served with the [[Royal Engineers]] in British Columbia from 1840 to 1848<ref name="Royal Engineers Museum">{{cite web|url= http://www.nms.ac.uk/media/1150307/royal-engineers-ir.pdf|title= Royal Engineers Museum, Library and Archive, Gillingham, Kent: Individual Records|access-date=3 June 2017}}</ref> with such success that he was granted command of the Royal Engineers across the entirety of [[China]].<ref>{{cite book | last = War Office of Great Britain |title =Return to an Address of the Honourable The House of Commons, dated 25 June, 1863 : for, "Copy of the Correspondence Between the Military Authorities at Shanghai and the War Office Respecting the Insalubrity of Shanghai as a Station for European Troops:" "And, Numerical Return of Sickness and Mortality of the Troops of All Arms at Shanghai, from the Year 1860 to the Latest Date, showing the Per-centage upon the Total Strength"|page =107| year=1863}}</ref>

Moody's responsibility was to transform the new [[Colony of British Columbia (1858–66)]] into the British Empire's 'bulwark in the farthest west'<ref>Donald J. Hauka, ''McGowan's War'', Vancouver: 2003, New Star Books, p.146</ref> and to 'found a second England on the shores of the Pacific'.<ref name="Rambling Recollections"/><ref name="Jean Barman p.71">{{cite book|last=Barman|first=Jean|title=The West Beyond the West: A History of British Columbia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=46MKjxDYOVUC&pg=PP1|year=2007|publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=978-1-4426-9184-1|page=71}}</ref>

Richard Clement Moody and his wife Mary Susannah Hawks and their four born children left England on 30 October 1858.<ref name="BCHQ">{{cite journal |journal=British Columbia Historical Quarterly |date=January - April 1951 |volume=XV |issue=1 & 2 |editor=Willard E. Ireland |pages=85–107 |url=https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/bch/items/1.0190628#p88z-3r0f: }}</ref><ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> They stopped at [[New York (state)|New York]],<ref name="MSM Letters"/> travelled through [[Panama]], and stopped at [[San Francisco]], from which they departed on 21 October on the steamer ''Panama'', on which they arrived at [[Esquimalt]]<ref name="BCHQ"/> on 25 December 1858.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> Moody was sworn in, as the first [[Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia|lieutenant governor of British Columbia]] and Chief Commissioner of Lands and Works for British Columbia, at [[Victoria, British Columbia|Victoria]], on 4 January 1859.<ref name="ODNB, Richard Clement Moody"/>

The officers of Moody's [[Royal Engineers, Columbia Detachment]] were three Captains, [[Robert Mann Parsons]], [[John Marshall Grant]], and [[Henry Reynolds Luard]]; and his two Lieutenants [[Arthur Reid Lempriere|Lieutenant Arthur Reid Lempriere]] (of Diélament, Jersey) and [[Henry Spencer Palmer|Lieutenant Henry Spencer Palmer]]; in addition to [[William Driscoll Gosset|Captain William Driscoll Gosset]] (who was to be Colonial Treasurer and Commissary Officer).{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=142}} The contingent also included [[John Vernon Seddall|Doctor John Vernon Seddall]] and [[John Sheepshanks (bishop)|The Rev. John Sheepshanks]] (who was to be Chaplain of the Columbia Detachment).{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=142}}<ref name="royalengineers.ca"/>

===Ned McGowan's War=== Moody had hoped to begin immediately the foundation of a capital city, but on his arrival at Fort Langley, he learned of an insurrection at the settlement of Hill's Bar by a notorious outlaw, Ned McGowan, and some restive gold miners.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> Moody repressed the rebellion, which became popularly known as '[[McGowan's War|Ned McGowan's War]]', without loss of life.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> Moody described the incident:

''The notorious Ned McGowan, of Californian celebrity at the head of a band of [[Americans|Yankee Rowdies]] defying the law! Every peaceable citizen frightened out of his wits!—Summons & warrants laughed to scorn! A Magistrate seized while on the Bench, & brought to the Rebel's camp, tried, condemned, & heavily fined! A man shot dead shortly before! Such a tale to welcome me at the close of a day of great enjoyment.''{{sfnp|Moody|1951|page=95}}

Moody described the response to his success: 'They gave me a Salute, firing off their loaded Revolvers over my head—Pleasant—Balls whistling over one's head! as a compliment! Suppose a hand had dropped by accident! I stood up, & raised my cap & thanked them in the Queen's name for their loyal reception of me'.{{sfnp|Moody|1951|page=97}} [[File:Royalcrest lrg.jpg|thumb|Moody designed the first [[Coat of arms of British Columbia]]]]

===Foundation of New Westminster=== In British Columbia, Moody 'wanted to build a city of beauty in the wilderness' and planned his city as an iconic visual metaphor for British dominance, 'styled and located with the objective of reinforcing the authority of the Crown and of the robe'.{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=26}} His choice for the name of the new capital city was 'Queensborough', but the British Government instead chose the name 'New Westminster' in July 1859.<ref name="MSM Letters"/> He founded [[New Westminster]]<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/><ref name="DNB"/> at a site of dense forest of Douglas pine<ref name="DNB"/> that he selected for its strategic excellence, including the quality of its port.{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=26}} He, in his letter to his friend Arthur Blackwood of the Colonial Office, dated 1 February 1859, described the majestic beauty of the site:{{sfnp|Moody|1951|pages=85–107}}{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=19}}

''"The entrance to the Frazer is very striking—Extending miles to the right & left are low marsh lands (apparently of very rich qualities) & yet [[Sic|fr]] the Background of Superb Mountains- Swiss in outline, dark in woods, grandly towering into the clouds there is a sublimity that deeply impresses you. Everything is large and magnificent, worthy of the entrance to the Queen of England's dominions on the Pacific mainland. [...] My imagination converted the silent marshes into [[Aelbert Cuyp|Cuyp]]-like pictures of horses and cattle lazily fattening in rich meadows in a glowing sunset. [...] The water of the deep clear Frazer was of a glassy stillness, not a ripple before us, except when a fish rose to the surface or broods of wild ducks fluttered away"''.{{sfnp|Moody|1951|pages=85–107}}<ref>{{cite book|last=Barman|first=Jean|title=The West Beyond the West: A History of British Columbia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=46MKjxDYOVUC&pg=PP1|year=2007|publisher=University of Toronto Press|isbn=978-1-4426-9184-1|page=7}}</ref>

Moody designed the roads and the settlements of New Westminster,<ref name="DNB"/> and his Royal Engineers, under Captain John Marshall Grant,<ref name="DNB"/> built an extensive amount of infrastructure, including the road which became [[Kingsway (Vancouver)|Kingsway]], connecting New Westminster to [[False Creek]]; the North Road, between [[Port Moody]] and New Westminster; the Pacific terminus, at Burrard's Inlet, of the Canadian and Pacific Railway (which subsequently was extended to the mouth of the Inlet and terminates now at Vancouver);<ref name="DNB"/> the [[Cariboo Road]]; and [[Stanley Park]], invaluable premises in the event of an invasion by the United States. He named [[Burnaby Lake]] after his secretary Robert Burnaby, and he named Port Coquitlam's 400-foot 'Mary Hill' after his wife Mary Susannah Hawks.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.royalengineers.ca/MoodyPostScript.html|title=Col. Richard Clement Moody – Postscript|access-date=4 July 2016|archive-date=8 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190908121738/http://www.royalengineers.ca/MoodyPostScript.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> He designed the first [[Coat of Arms of British Columbia]].<ref name="Ormsby"/><ref name="heraldicscienceheraldique.com">{{cite web|url=http://heraldicscienceheraldique.com/arms-and-devices-of-provinces-and-territories.html|title=Heraldic Science Héraldique, Arms and Devices of Provinces and Territories, British Columbia|access-date=3 November 2016}}</ref> Moody designed the first [[Coat of arms of British Columbia]].<ref name="Ormsby"/><ref name="heraldicscienceheraldique.com"/> Richard Clement Moody established [[Port Moody]], which was subsequently named after him, to defend New Westminster from potential attack from the United States.<ref name="DNB"/> Moody also established a town at Hastings which was later incorporated into Vancouver.<ref name="Brissenden 2009">{{cite book|last=Brissenden|first=Constance|title=The History of Metropolitan Vancouver's Hall of Fame: Who's Who, Moody.|year=2009|publisher=Vancouver History}}</ref>

Subsequent to the enactment of the Pre-emption Act of 1860, Moody settled the [[Lower Mainland]]. The British designated multiple tracts as government reserves. The Pre-emption Act did not specify conditions for the distribution of the land, and, consequently, large areas were bought by speculators.<ref name="Ormsby"/> Moody requisitioned 3,750 acres (sc. 1,517 hectares) for himself,<ref name="Ormsby"/> and, on this land, he subsequently built for himself, and owned, Mayfield, a model farm near New Westminster.<ref name="Brissenden 2009"/> Moody was criticised by journalists for [[land grabbing]],<ref name="Ormsby"/> but his requisitions were ordered by the Colonial Office,<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> and Moody throughout his tenure in British Columbia received the approbation of the British authorities in London,<ref name="DNB"/> and was in British Columbia described as 'the real father of New Westminster'.<ref name="Edward 1887 215 in New Westminster District Directory">{{cite book|last=Edward|first=Mallandaine|title=The British Columbia Directory, containing a General Directory of Business Men and Householders...|year=1887|publisher=E. Mallandaine and R. T. Williams, Broad Street, Victoria, British Columbia|page=215 in New Westminster District Directory}}</ref> However, Lord Lytton, then Secretary of State for the Colonies, 'forgot the practicalities of paying for clearing and developing the site and the town' and the efforts of Moody's Engineers were continually impeded by insufficient funds, which, together with the continuous opposition of Governor Douglas, whom Sir [[Thomas Frederick Elliot]] (1808–1880) described as 'like any other fraud',<ref name="bcgenesis.uvic.ca">{{cite web|url=https://bcgenesis.uvic.ca/elliot_tf.html|title='Elliot, Thomas Frederick', University of Victoria British Columbia, Colonial Despatches of Vancouver Island and British Columbia|access-date=30 April 2023}}</ref> 'made it impossible for [Moody's] design to be fulfilled'.{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=27}}

Moody's 5th, 6th, and 7th children, all daughters, were born at Government House, New Westminster. He also is believed to have fathered at least two illegitimate children with his Native American housekeeper.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> He also was associated with the 16 year old [[Native Hawaiians|Hawaiian]] actress Lulu Sweet<ref>{{cite web|url=https://apps.gov.bc.ca/pub/bcgnws/names/37944.html|title=Entry for Lulu Island, British Columbia Geographical Names|access-date=3 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last= Middleton |first= Lynn |title= Place Names of the Pacific Northwest Coast |url= https://archive.org/details/placenamesofpaci0000midd |url-access= registration |year= 1969 |publisher= Elldee Publishing |location= Victoria |oclc= 16729415 |page= [https://archive.org/details/placenamesofpaci0000midd/page/125 125]}}</ref> (b. c. 1844), from Victoria,<ref name = Akrigg>{{Citation | last =Akrigg | first =G.P.V. | last2 =Akrigg | first2 =Helen B. | title =British Columbia Place Names | place =Vancouver | publisher =UBC Press | year =1986 | edition =3rd, 1997 | isbn =0-7748-0636-2 | url-access =registration | url =https://archive.org/details/britishcolumbiap0000akri_w1q9 }}</ref> with whom he toured the Fraser River, and after whom he named [[Lulu Island]] to the south of Vancouver.<ref name="RCM Album"/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Hyde|first=Ron|title=The Sockeye Special: The Story of the Steveston Tram and Early Lulu Island|publisher=Friesens Corporation|year=2011|isbn=9781553834366}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=How Lulu Island Got Its Sweet Name|url=https://scoutmagazine.ca/2017/12/05/how-lulu-island-got-its-sweet-name/|last=Hagemoen|first=Christine|date=2017-12-05|website=Scout Magazine|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-27}}</ref>

===Feud with Governor Douglas=== Throughout his tenure in British Columbia, Moody feuded with [[James Douglas (governor)|Sir James Douglas Governor of Vancouver Island]], whose jurisdiction overlapped with his own. Moody's offices of chief commissioner and lieutenant governor were of "higher prestige [and] lesser authority" than that of Douglas{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=19}} despite Moody's superior social position in the judgement of the settlers.{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=19}} Lord Lytton had selected Moody to "out manoeuvre the old Hudson's Bay Factor [Governor Douglas]".<ref name='Royal Engineers, Moody, Burnaby, 03/12/1859'>{{cite web|url=http://www.royalengineers.ca/Moody.html|title=Letters of Robert Burnaby, 3rd December 1859|access-date=6 June 2016|archive-date=8 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808000743/http://www.royalengineers.ca/moody.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>Dorothy Blakey Smith, ed., ''The Journal of Arthur Thomas Bushby, 1858 – 1859,'' British Columbia</ref> Sir [[Thomas Frederick Elliot]] (1808–1880) described Governor Douglas as "like any other fraud",<ref name="bcgenesis.uvic.ca"/> whereas Moody had been selected by Lord Lytton for his qualities of the archetypal '[[landed gentry|English gentleman]] and British Officer', and because his family was 'eminently respectable': he was the son of [[Thomas Moody (British Army officer)|Colonel Thomas Moody, CRE WI, ADC, Kt.]]{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=19}} and of [[Richard Clement (1754–1829)|Martha Clement (1784–1868)]] who was a socially superior member of the [[planter class]] of the West Indies, including [[Demerara]] and [[The Guianas]], in which Douglas's father and brothers owned less land and from which Douglas's 'a half-breed' mother originated.{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=20}} Governor Douglas's ethnicity was 'an affront to Victorian society'.{{sfnp|Scott|1983|pages=19–20}}

Mary Susannah Moody, who was a member of the [[Hawks family|Hawks industrialist dynasty]] and of the armigerous Boyd [[merchant banking]] family,<ref name="Howard">{{cite book|title=Visitation of England and Wales|date=1900|editor-last=Howard|editor-first=Joseph Jackson|volume=8|pages=161–164|chapter=Boyd of Moor House, Co. Durham|editor-last2=Crisp|editor-first2=Frederick Arthur|chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/visitationofengl08howa#page/160}}</ref> wrote, on 4 August 1859, "it is not pleasant to serve under a Hudson's Bay Factor", and that the "Governor and Richard can never get on".{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=23}} [[John Robson (politician)|John Robson]], who was the editor of the ''British Columbian'' and future [[Premier of British Columbia]], wanted Richard Clement Moody's office to include that of Governor of British Columbia, to make Douglas obsolete.<ref name="Ormsby"/> In letter to the Colonial Office of 27 December 1858, Richard Clement Moody states that he has "entirely disarmed [Douglas] of all jealousy".{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=25}} Douglas repeatedly insulted the Royal Engineers by attempting to assume their command{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=109}} and refusing to acknowledge their contribution to the nascent colony.{{sfnp|Scott|1983|pages=115–117}}

Margaret A. Ormsby, the author of the Dictionary of Canadian Biography entry for Moody (2002), untypically censures Moody for the abortive development of the New Westminster.<ref name="Ormsby"/> Most historians rather commend Moody's contribution and exonerate Moody from culpability for the abortive development of New Westminster, especially with regard to the perpetual insufficiency of funds and of the personally motivated opposition by Douglas that continually delayed the development of British Columbia.{{sfnp|Scott|1983}} [[Robert Burnaby]] observed that Douglas proceeded with "muddling [Moody's] work and doubling his expenditure"<ref name='Royal Engineers, Moody, Burnaby, 03/12/1859'/> and with employing administrators to "work a crooked policy against Moody" to "retard British Columbia and build up... the stronghold of [[Hudson's Bay Company|Hudson's Bay]] interests" and their own "landed stake".<ref name="Royal Engineers, Moody, Burnaby 22/02/1859">{{cite web|url=http://www.royalengineers.ca/Moody.html|title=Letters of Robert Burnaby, 22 February 1859|access-date=6 June 2016|archive-date=8 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808000743/http://www.royalengineers.ca/moody.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Therefore, Robert Edgar Cail,<ref>{{cite book|last=Cail|first=Robert Edgar|title=Land, Man, and the Law: The Disposal of Crown Lands in British Columbia, 1871–1913|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tYliQgAACAAJ&pg=PP1|year=1974|publisher=University of British Columbia Press|isbn=978-0-7748-0029-7|page=60}}</ref> Don W. Thomson,<ref>{{cite book|last=Thomson|first=Don W.|title=Men and Meridians: The History of Surveying and Mapping in Canada|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yHFCAQAAIAAJ&pg=PP1|year=1966|publisher=Queen's printer|page=282|isbn=9780660115580}}</ref> Laura Ishiguro, and Laura Elaine Scott commended Moody for his contribution, and Scott accused Ormsby of being "adamant in her dislike of Colonel Moody" despite the majority of evidence,{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=131}} and almost all other biographies of Moody, including that by the Institution of Civil Engineers, and that by the Royal Engineers, and that by the British Columbia Historical Association, commend Moody's achievements in British Columbia.

The [[Royal Engineers, Columbia Detachment]] was disbanded in July 1863. The Moody family (which now consisted of Moody, and his wife, and seven legitimate children)<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> and the 22 Royal Engineers who wished to return to England, who included 15 non-officers<ref name="BCHQ"/> and had 8 wives between them,<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> on 11 November 1863,<ref name="BCHQ"/> Moody and his family on the steamer ''Enterprise''.<ref name="BCHQ"/> 130 of the original Columbia Detachment decided to remain in British Columbia.<ref name="Ormsby"/> Scott contends that the dissolution of the elite Columbia Detachment, and the consequent departure of Moody, "doomed" the development of the settlement and the realisation of Lord Lytton's dream.{{sfnp|Scott|1983|page=137}} A vast congregation of New Westminster citizens gathered at the dock to bid farewell to Moody as his boat departed for England. Moody wanted to return to British Columbia, but he died before he was able to do so.<ref>{{cite book|last=New Westminster Council|title=Parks & Recreation History of Park Sites and Facilities, Moody Park…|page=67 }}</ref> Moody left his personal library behind, in New Westminster, to become the public library of New Westminster.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/><ref name="Ormsby"/>

In April 1863, the Councillors of New Westminster decreed that 20 acres should be reserved and named Moody Square after Richard Clement Moody. The area around Moody Square that was completed only in 1889 has also been named Moody Park after Moody.<ref>{{cite book|last=New Westminster Council|title=Parks & Recreation History of Park Sites and Facilities, Moody Park…|page=62 }}</ref> Numerous developments occurred in and around Moody Park, including Century House, which was opened by [[Princess Margaret]] on 23 July 1958. In 1984, on the occasion of the 125th anniversary of New Westminster, a monument of Richard Clement Moody, at the entrance of the park, was unveiled by Mayor Tom Baker.<ref>{{cite book|last=New Westminster Council|title=Parks & Recreation History of Park Sites and Facilities, Moody Park…|page=65 }}</ref> For Moody's achievements in the Falkland Islands and in British Columbia, [[David Tatham|British diplomat David Tatham CMG]], who served as Governor of the Falkland Islands, described Moody as an "Empire builder".<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/> In January 2014, with the support of the Friends of the British Columbia Archives and of the Royal British Columbia Museum Foundation, The Royal British Columbia Museum purchased a photograph album that had belonged to Richard Clement Moody. The album contains over 100 photographs of the early settlement of British Columbia, including some of the earliest known photographs of First Nations peoples.<ref>The Royal British Columbia Museum: ''Annual Report'': 2013 – 2014</ref>

His mother Martha was living at Bycroft Terrace, St. David, Exeter, during 1851,<ref name="MM UCL">{{cite web|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/person/view/41442|title=Entry for Martha Moody (nee Clement), UCL Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slavery|date=2019}}</ref> and died at Bournemouth on the 30 March 1868.<ref>''The Newcastle Journal'', 3 April 1868, p. 2</ref>

== Marriage and issue == On 6 July 1852, at [[St Andrew's Church, Newcastle upon Tyne]],<ref>''The London Standard'', 10 July 1852, p.4</ref> Moody married Mary Susannah Hawks (22 April 1829 – 12 January 1901)<ref name="RG 1901"/><ref>''The Gloucestershire Echo'', 17 January 1901, p. 2</ref> of the [[Hawks family|Hawks industrialist dynasty]], who was the daughter of [[Hawks family|Joseph Stanley Hawks JP DL, Sheriff of Newcastle]],<ref name="DNB" /><ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody" /><ref name="Howard"/><ref>{{cite book|last=Fordyce|first=T.|title=Local Records : or, Historical Register of Remarkable Events, which have occurred in Northumberland and Durham, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and Berwick-upon-Tweed from the Earliest Period of Authentic Record to the Present Time [...]|publisher=T. Fordyce, Newcastle upon Tyne|year=1866|page=172}}</ref> and of Mary Boyd of the [[armiger]]ous Boyd [[merchant banking]] family<ref name="Howard"/> which had founded the [[Bell, Cookson, Carr and Airey|Bank of Newcastle]].<ref>''A History of Banks, Bankers, & Banking in Northumberland, Durham, and North Yorkshire, Illustrating the Commercial Development of the North of England, from 1755 to 1894''.</ref> Mary Susannah Hawks's maternal uncles included Admiral [[Benedictus Marwood Kelly]]; industrialist [[Edward Fenwick Boyd]]; and The Ven. William Boyd (1809–1893), of [[University College, Oxford]], who was Archdeacon of Craven and Honorary Canon of Ripon from 1860, through whom her first cousin was [[Charles Boyd (archdeacon)|The Ven. Charles Twining Boyd]], Archdeacon of Columbo.<ref name="Howard" /> Mary Susannah Hawks was a descendant on several lines of [[Edward III]],<ref name="Hylton Longstaffe, Royal Descent of Clervaux">{{cite book|last=Hylton Longstaffe|first=W.|title=The House of Clervaux, Its Descents and Alliances|pages='Royal Descent of Clervaux'|publisher=G. Bouchier Richardson, Newcastle upon Tyne|year=1852}}</ref> and a descendant of [[Sir Thomas Liddell, 1st Baronet]],<ref name="MC 1891">{{cite book | title = 'Men of Mark 'Twixt Tyne and Tweed', The Monthly Chronicle of North Country Lore and Legend| page=11 | month=January| year=1891}}</ref><ref name="Scott Pedigree">{{cite book|last=Scott|first=William|title=The Pedigree of Scott of Stokoe, in the Parish of Symondburn, and County of Northumberland, and Late of Toderick, Selkirkshire, North Britain|publisher=Walker & Grieg, Edinburgh|year=1827|page=20}}</ref> [[Chaytor baronets|Sir William Chaytor of Croft]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Burke|first=John|title=A Visitation of the Seats and Arms of the Noblemen and Gentlemen of Great Britain, Volume 1|year=1852|publisher=Colburn & Co, London |page=60 in section ‘A Visitation of Arms’}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Hutchinson|first=William|title=The History and Antiquities of the County Palatine of Durham, Volume 2|year=1787|publisher=S. Hodgson and Robinsons, Durham |page=Footnote to p419: ‘By the Will of Sir Tho. Liddell…’}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = Raine| first = James | title = The History and Antiquities of North Durham, History and Pedigree of Forster Family| pages=306–310 | publisher=John Bowyer Nichols & Son, London| year=1852}}</ref> and Sir [[Hamon de Clervaulx]] [sic],<ref name="Hylton Longstaffe, Royal Descent of Clervaux"/> after whom she named her son Henry de Clervaux Moody (1864 – 1900).

After their marriage, Richard Clement Moody and his wife Mary embarked on a [[Grand Tour]] of Europe, including of [[France]], and of [[Switzerland]], and of [[Germany]].<ref name="RCM Album" />

Richard Clement Moody named the 400-foot hill in [[Port Coquitlam]], British Columbia, 'Mary Hill', after his wife. However, Mary Susannah Moody disliked British Columbia which she described as 'roughing it in the bush' relative to living in England.<ref>British Columbia Archives, MS-0060, Letter from Mary Susanna Hawks Moody to mother Mary Hawks, New Westminster, 4 June 1860.</ref> The Royal British Columbia Museum has 42 letters written by Mary Susannah Moody from the [[British Empire]], mostly from the [[Colony of British Columbia (1858–66)]], to her mother and to her sisters, Juliana Stanley Hawks (d. 1868) and Emily Stanley Hawks (d. 1865),<ref>Church of St. Thomas the Martyr, Barras Bridge, Newcastle, Monumental Inscriptions</ref> who were in England.<ref name="MSM Letters">Mary Susannah Moody letters, MS-0060, The Royal British Columbia Museum Archives</ref> Mary Susannah Moody was erudite in English and in French literature and the letters have been of interest to scholars of the [[ruling class]] of the [[British Empire]].{{sfnp|Cleall|Ishiguro|Manktelow|2013}}<ref name="BCHN">{{cite web|title=The University of British Columbia, Records of the British Columbia Historical Association, British Columbia Historical News, April–June 1978|url=https://www.library.ubc.ca/archives/pdfs/bchf/bchn_1978_04.pdf|publisher=British Columbia Historical Association}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Relative Distances: Family and Empire between Britain, British Columbia and India, 1858–1901, Laura Ishiguro, University College London|url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1334453/1/1334453.pdf}}</ref>

Mary Susannah Moody, who after her husband's death lived at The Chantry, [[Foy, Herefordshire]], died at Woodfield, Weston-under-Penyard, on 12 January 1901, when she was aged 72 years.<ref name="RG 1901"/>

===Issue=== Moody and Mary Susannah Hawks had 13 children, two of which died in infancy.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody"/><ref name="RCM Album"/> He also is believed to have fathered at least two illegitimate children with his Native American housekeeper whom he left with her in British Columbia.<ref name="DFB Richard Clement Moody" /> The 13 children of Moody and Mary Susannah Hawks were:<ref name="RCM Album"/> [[File:Hawks-Moody 1.jpg|thumb|Richard Clement Moody and Mary Susannah Hawks's eldest son, [[Colonel Richard Stanley Hawks Moody|Colonel Richard Stanley Hawks Moody CB]], at Windsor Castle]] # Josephine ('Zeffie')<ref name="royalengineers.ca" /> Mary (b. 1853,<ref name="RCM Album"/><ref name="BCHN"/> Newcastle, d. 1923).<ref name="Fisherton"/> A fabric embroiderer of Fisherton House, [[Fisherton de la Mere]], Wiltshire.<ref name="Fisherton">{{cite web|title=Fisherton de la Mere, Wiltshire, British History Online|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/wilts/vol8/pp34-46}}</ref><ref>Marsh, Gail, ''Early Twentieth Century Embroidery'', GMC Publications, pp.141 – 143</ref> She married Arthur Newall, who was the eldest son of [[Robert Stirling Newall|Robert Stirling Newall FRS FRAS]], at [[St James's Church, Piccadilly]], on 20 July 1883,<ref>''The St. James's Gazette'', 21 July 1883, p. 15</ref> by whom she had two sons. Their eldest son Robert Stanley<ref name="Fisherton"/> {{postnominals|country=GBR|FSA}} (1884–1987) of Little Cottage Street, [[Westminster]], was an ethnographer of Aboriginal Australia and an archaeologist for the [[Commissioners of Woods and Forests]] who made excavations at [[Stonehenge]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Sarsen.org, A List of Stonehenge Excavations|url=http://www.sarsen.org/2013/01/a-list-of-stonehenge-excavations.html}}</ref> with [[William Hawley|Lieutenant-Colonel William Hawley]] between 1919 and 1926, and was Vice President of Salisbury Museum from 1971.<ref>{{cite web|title=Robert S. Newall, The British Museum|url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG138810}}</ref> Her second son was named Basil (b. 1885). # [[Colonel Richard Stanley Hawks Moody|Colonel Richard Stanley Hawks Moody CB, Military Knight of Windsor]] (b. 23 October 1854, [[Valletta]], Malta<ref name="RSHM Malta">''The London Evening Standard'', 1 November 1854, p. 4</ref><ref name="BCHN"/> – d. 10 March 1930, [[Windsor Castle]]). He married, in 1881,<ref>''The York Herald'', 7 November 1881, p. 5</ref> Mary Latimer,<ref name="Who Was Who, Richard Stanley Hawks Moody">{{cite web|url=http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/article/oupww/whowaswho/U214312|title=Entry for MOODY, Colonel Richard Stanley Hawks, in ''Who Was Who'' (A & C Black, Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2016)}}</ref> [[Royal Red Cross]], (d. 1936).<ref>Grave Cross of George Latimer (1834–1897), that commemorates Mary Moody (Latimer) R. R. C. (d. 1936), Ocklynge Cemetery, Eastbourne, East Sussex, England</ref> Mary Latimer's paternal grandmother was Anne Moody<ref name="LHH">{{cite web|url=https://www.headington.org.uk/history/famous_people/latimer_biographies.pdf|title=The Latimers of the Parish of All Saints, Oxford, and Headington|author=Stephanie Jenkins, 2011|access-date=6 June 2016}}</ref> who was the first cousin of Richard Clement Moody.<ref>''The Leeds Mercury'', 12 January 1839, p. 1</ref> Mary Latimer's uncle was [[Nichol Latimer]],<ref name="LGS">''The Register of the Leeds Grammar School, 1820–1896'', Printed by J. Laycock and Sons, Leeds, 1897, p. 45</ref> who was the publisher of ''[[North China Daily News|The North China Herald]]'' which was the most influential newspaper in China.<ref name=":3">{{cite book|last=He|first=Sibing|title=Russell and Company in Shanghai, 1843–1891:U. S. Trade and Diplomacy in Treaty Port China|year=2011|publisher=University of Hong Kong|page=11}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Prescott |first=Frank HH |editor1=King |editor2=Clarke |year=1965 |title=A Research Guide to China Coast Newspapers, 1822–1911 |publisher=East Asian Research Centre, Harvard University |pages=77, 122–133}}</ref> The eldest daughter of Richard Stanley Hawks Moody and Mary Latimer was Mary Latimer ('Molly') Moody, who married [[James Fitzgerald Martin|Major-General James Fitzgerald Martin KStJ]].<ref>''Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps'', 'Corps News', July 1906, Vol. 07</ref> # Charles Edmund (b. 1856,<ref name="BCHN"/> [[Edinburgh]]). He was educated at [[Cheltenham College]],<ref name="CC 1933"/><ref>{{cite book|last=Hunter|first=Andrew Alexander|url=https://archive.org/details/cheltenhamcolleg00chel|title=Cheltenham College Register, 1841–1889|publisher=George Bell and Sons, London|year=1890|page=[https://archive.org/details/cheltenhamcolleg00chel/page/295 295]}}</ref> and was a flannel manufacturer.<ref>''The Leeds Times'', 11 January 1896, p. 2</ref> He later lived at Springfield, [[Breinton]], Herefordshire.<ref>'Engagement', ''The Ross Gazette'', 27 August 1914</ref> He married Kate Ellershaw, who was the daughter of Frederick Ellershaw, in 1885,<ref>''The Homeward Mail from India, China, and The East'', 17 August 1885, p. 22</ref> by whom he had three daughters, the eldest of whom, Kathleen (b. 1886), married [[Donald Kingdon|Sir Donald Kingdon, Chief Justice of the Gold Coast]].<ref>''The Cambria Daily Leader'', Thursday 20 August 1914, The National Library of Wales</ref> # Walter Clement (b. 1858,<ref name="BCHN"/> Edinburgh, d. 25 December 1933, Cheltenham).<ref name="CC 1933">''The Cheltenham Chronicle'', 30 December 1933, p. 2</ref> He played rugby for Northumberland<ref name="CC 1933"/> before he emigrated to [[California]] in which he owned vineyards.<ref name="CC 1933"/> He later lived at [[Ross-on-Wye]], Herefordshire,<ref name="GHH"/> and at Broxted House, Cheltenham.<ref name="CC 1934">''The Cheltenham Chronicle and Gloucestershire Graphic'', 6 January 1934, p.7</ref> He married Laura Evelyn Rynd<ref name="GHH">{{cite web|title=Gloucestershire Heritage Hub, Settlement before marriage of Wal. Clement Moody, Esq. of Ross-on-Wye Herefs., and Laura Evelyn Rynd of Cheltenham, 1888 – 1932|url=https://catalogue.gloucestershire.gov.uk/records/D3527/1/1/2}}</ref> (d. 1934), who was the sister of Captain G. C. Rynd, of the Manchester Regiment, in 1888.<ref name="GHH"/> His wife left an estate of £12,643.<ref>''The Citizen'', Gloucester, 29 August 1934, p.9, 'Local Will'.</ref> # Susan<ref name="RG 1901">''The Ross Gazette'', 17 January 1901, p. 4</ref> (b. 1860, Government House, [[New Westminster]], British Columbia, d. 1940). # Mary<ref name="RG 1901"/> (b. 1861, Government House, New Westminster, British Columbia, d. 1938). # Margaret [[Justice of the peace|JP]]<ref name="WN"/> (b. 1863, Government House, New Westminster, British Columbia, d. 16 December 1943, [[Pershore]], Worcestershire).<ref>''Berrow's Worcester Journal'', 18 December 1943, p.4</ref> She was a [[Pershore]] District Councillor.<ref name="WN"/> She married The Rev. William Dobson Lowndes, of [[Christ's College, Cambridge]], of [[Little Comberton]] Rectory, Pershore,<ref name="WN">''The Worcester News'', 21 March 1941, p.5</ref> in 1884, with whom she had two sons and two daughters. Their youngest daughter was Mary de Clervaux, who married Alan Edgar Lester, of Birmingham and Harborne, and who drowned in 1950;<ref>''The Tewkesbury Register and Agricultural Gazette'', 16 September 1950, p.3, 'Bathing Tragedy'</ref> and their elder daughter was Margaret Alice, who was a missionary at [[Zanzibar]] with the Universities' Mission to South Africa.<ref name="WN"/> Their younger son was The Rev. William Parker Lowndes, of St. Pancras Church, Ipswich, of the [[Royal Artillery]],<ref name="WN"/> who died during 1929 after a fall from his horse exacerbated wounds that he had received in World War I.<ref>{{cite web|title=St. Pancras Church, Ipswich, Our Parish|url=https://www.stpancraschurch.org.uk/ourparish/}}</ref> Their elder son was the [[Holy Royal Arch|Royal Arch freemason]] [[Richard Charles Lowndes|Major Richard Charles Lowndes MC]] (1888–1960), of Boar's Hill, Oxford,<ref>{{cite web|title=The British Columbia Historical Quarterly, January – April 1951, Archives of British Columbia, British Columbia Historical Association, p.85|url=https://www.library.ubc.ca/archives/pdfs/bchf/bchq_1951_1.pdf}}</ref> of the [[Royal Artillery]],<ref>''The London Gazette'', 12 July 1938</ref> who was captured and imprisoned by the Turkish after the [[Siege of Kut]] in World War I.<ref name="WN"/> He married Phyllis Daphne Vernon Cooke (1897–1995) in 1920.<ref>''The Ealing Gazette and West Middlesex Observer'', 26 June 1920, p.5</ref> # [[Captain (British Army)|Captain]] Henry de Clervaux (b. 8 February 1864, Bournemouth,<ref name="SWDN">''The South Wales Daily News'', 18 December 1900</ref> d. 13 December 1900, [[killed in action]] at [[Battle of Nooitgedacht]], [[Second Boer War]]), whilst serving with the South Wales Borderers/2nd Battalion 24th Regiment.<ref name="Roll of Honour">{{cite web|title=Entry for Moody, Henry de Clervaux, Boer War Roll of Honour, Hereford Cathedral|url=https://www.roll-of-honour.com/Herefordshire/HerefordCathedralBoer.html#:~:text=R.%20C.%20Moody%2C%20R.E.%2C%20was%20born,Wales%20Borderers%20Sept.%2C%201894}}</ref> He was named after his ancestor Sir Hamon de Clervaulx [sic]<ref name="Hylton Longstaffe, Royal Descent of Clervaux"/> who had accompanied William the Conqueror from Normandy to the Battle of Hastings of 1066, and whose name is present in the ''Battle Abbey Roll''.<ref>''A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland'', Vol. II, by John Burke, Published for Henry Colburn, London, by R. Bentley, Bell and Bradfute, Edinburgh, 1834, pp. 139 – 142.</ref> Henry de Clervaux He was educated at [[Rugby School]]<ref name="Roll of Honour"/> and at [[Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst]],<ref>{{London Gazette | issue = 25262 | date = 24 August 1883 | page = 4169 }}</ref> after which he joined the Queen's Royal West Surrey Regiment in 1883.<ref name="Roll of Honour"/> He served, between 1885 and 1887, in the [[Third Anglo-Burmese War|Burmese Expedition]] with the [[Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment|2nd Battalion the Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment]], under Sir W. S. A. Lockhart,<ref name="Roll of Honour"/> for which he received the medal with clasp.<ref name="Roll of Honour"/> He joined the South Wales Borderers/2nd Battalion 24th Regiment in 1894.<ref name="Roll of Honour"/> He served in the [[Second Boer War]] as [[aide-de-camp]] to [[Ralph Arthur Penrhyn Clements|Major-General Clements]], who was the Commander of the [[12th Armoured Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)|12th Infantry Brigade]] from December 1899,<ref name="Roll of Honour"/> and he was [[mentioned in despatches]] on 10 September 1900.<ref>{{cite book|last=Dooner|first=Mildred G.|title=The Last Post – Roll of Officers who fell in South Africa 1899–1902|publisher=Naval and Military Press}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Michell|first=Arthur Tompson|title=Rugby School Register, Vol. III, 1874–1905|publisher=A. J. Lawrence, Rugby Press|page=57}}</ref> He married, on 15 January 1895, Flora Leighton, who was the daughter of Edmund Thomas Leighton, of London,<ref name="SWDN"/> by whom he did not have issue.<ref>{{cite web|title=Colonel Moody's Family|url=http://www.royalengineers.ca/MoodyFamily.html|access-date=4 July 2016|archive-date=6 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160606135354/http://www.royalengineers.ca/MoodyFamily.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> He was greatly interested in sport and riding.<ref name="SWDN"/> He is buried at [[Krugersdorp]] Garden of Remembrance, in South Africa, and commemorated at [[Hereford Cathedral]], and at St Mary's Church, [[Foy, Herefordshire]], and at [[Brecon Cathedral]], Powys, Wales, and at Holy Trinity Church, Guildford, Surrey, and at Rugby School Chapel Memorial, Warwickshire.<ref name="Roll of Honour"/> # Grace<ref name="RG 1901"/> (b. 1865, d. 1947). # Gertrude<ref name="RG 1901"/> (b. 20 May 1867, d. 23 April 1913, Cadenabbia, Switzerland). She resided at Horkesley House, Monkland, Herefordshire.<ref>''The Ross Gazette'', 1 May 1913, p. 2</ref> She died unmarried. She is buried and commemorated with her nephew Thomas Lewis Vyvian Moody (d. 1918) and his father Richard Stanley Hawks Moody (d. 1930) at All Saints' Churchyard in [[Monkland, Herefordshire]].<ref>Plot 62, All Saints' Churchyard, Monkland, Herefordshire, HR6 9DB</ref> # [[Major (British Army)|Major]] George Robert Boyd (b. 1868, d. 1936).<ref name="IWM George Robert Boyd Moody"/> He was educated at [[Haileybury and Imperial Service College]], and at [[Royal Military Academy, Sandhurst]], and was commissioned into the [[King's Shropshire Light Infantry]].<ref>''Haileybury College Register 1862 – 1891'', by L. S. Milford, Printed by Stephen Austin and Sons, 1891</ref><ref name="IWM George Robert Boyd Moody">{{cite web|url=https://livesofthefirstworldwar.iwm.org.uk/lifestory/3094088|title=We Remember: George Robert Boyd Moody, Imperial War Museum: Lives of the First World War|access-date=3 November 2016}}</ref> He during 1918 was found guilty of indecent assault<ref>''The Western Mail'', 02 March 1918, p. 5</ref> of two drivers of the Army Service Corps,<ref>''The South Wales Daily News'', 04 March 1918, p. 6</ref> and was [[cashiering|cashiered]] by [[court-martial]] on 3 April 1918.<ref>''The Birmingham Daily Post'', 03 May 1918, p. 5</ref> He lived at Batchcroft, Richard's Castle, near Ludlow.<ref name="BJ 1935"/> He married, on 27 August 1902, Dorothy Whinfield, who was the youngest daughter of [[Lieutenant colonel (United Kingdom)|Lieutenant-Colonel]] Charles William Whinfield (1840–1893),<ref name="HP">{{Cite web|title=Herefordshire Past, Bridstow News from The Past, 1893|url=https://herefordshirepast.co.uk/news-from-the-past/bridstow-news-from-the-past/|access-date=2024-10-22}}</ref> Royal Engineers, of Wyeville, Bridstow, Ross,<ref>''The Ross Gazette'', 28 August 1902, p. 4</ref> and the sister of Lieutenant H. C. Whinfield of the Queen’s Foot.<ref name="HP"/> Their only daughter Rosemary Moody (1903–1982) married Richard Edward Holford (1909–1983), of [[Duntish]] Court, Dorset,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gardens (en) |first=Parks and |date=1759-12-31 |title=Duntish Court – Buckland Newton |url=https://www.parksandgardens.org/places/duntish-court |access-date=2024-10-22 |website=Parks & Gardens |language=en}}</ref> who was the eldest son of [[Captain (British Army)|Captain]] Charles Frederick Holford {{postnominals|country=GBR|OBE|DSO}}, on 10 August 1935, at All Saints' Parish Church, Richard's Castle, near Ludlow.<ref name="BJ 1935">''The Bridgnorth Journal'', 17 August 1935, p. 6</ref><ref>''The Shrewsbury Chronicle'', 16 August 1935, p. 16</ref> # Ruth and Rachel (Twins b. 20 April 1870, Rachel d. 20 April 1870, Ruth d. 21 April 1870, both at [[Caynham|Caynham House, Ludlow, Shropshire]]).<ref>''The Pall Mall Gazette'', London, 27 April 1870, p.7, Death Announcement</ref>

{{clear}}

==Paternal Ancestry== {{ahnentafel |collapsed=yes |align=center |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. '''Major-General Richard Clement Moody Kt.''' (married [[Hawks family|Mary Susannah Hawks]], at Newcastle upon Tyne, 1852) |2= 2. [[Thomas Moody (colonial officer)|Colonel Thomas Moody ADC, CRE WI, Kt.]] (uncle of [[Clement Moody (clergyman)]]) |3= 3. [[Richard Clement (1754–1829)|Martha Clement (1784–1868)]] (sister-in-law of [[Alleyne baronets|Philippa Cobham Alleyne]] and aunt of [[Richard Clement (cricketer)]] and [[Reynold Clement]]) |4= 4. Thomas Moody (1732, Arthuret – 1796) (who had fought for the [[Jacobitism|Jacobites]] at the [[Battle of Culloden]] when he was aged only 13 years) |5= 5. Barbara [[William Blamire|Blamire]] (1740–1806) |6= 6. [[Richard Clement (1754–1829)]] |7= 7. Susannah Dougan (first wife of Richard Clement) |8= 8. Thomas Moody (1694, Alloway – 1732) |9= 9. Janet Agnes Smith (married 1723, Dalrymple, as his second wife) |10= 10. John [[William Blamire|Blamire]] |14= 14. Thomas Dougan of Demerara |16= 16. Thomas Moody (b. 1650, Moss, Campsall) (son of Henry Moody (fl. 1673) and his wife Hannah [[Washington family|Washington]]) |17= 17. Elizabeth (surname unknown) }}

==References== {{reflist|30em}}

==Sources== *{{cite web |url=http://api.ning.com/files/Pwx68GFnuuBDqb1wRfgoMEsaVMh9l6ZFcQE1PZO3RYpLzYY8Iwih2339ABomznAmgVyXNL97XKu75RxFRY8u31wYPO9QaQoI/MOODYAlbumINFO2a.pdf|title=The Photographic Album of Richard Clement Moody, Royal British Columbia Museum Archives}} *Mary Susannah Moody letters, MS-0060, The Royal British Columbia Museum Archives *{{cite book|title=''Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Volume 90, Issue 1887, 1887, pp. 453–455, OBITUARY. MAJOR-GENERAL RICHARD CLEMENT MOODY, R.E., 1813–1887''}} * {{cite web |title=Entry for Moody, Richard Clement |work=Dictionary of Falklands Biography |first=David |last=Tatham |url=https://www.falklandsbiographies.org/biographies/moody_richard}} * {{cite ODNB |id=19085 |title=Entry for Moody, Richard Clement |first=John |last=Sweetman}} * {{cite DNB |wstitle=Entry for Moody, Richard Clement|volume=38|last=Vetch |first=Robert Hamilton|authorlink=Robert Hamilton Vetch|page=332-333|short=1 }} * {{cite journal |url=http://muse.jhu.edu/article/503247 |title=Imperial Relations: Histories of Family in the British Empire |first1=Esme |last1=Cleall |first2=Laura |last2=Ishiguro |first3=Emily J. |last3=Manktelow |journal=Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History |volume=14 |issue=1 |date=Spring 2013 |doi=10.1353/cch.2013.0006 |s2cid=162030654 |url-access=subscription }} * {{cite thesis |last=Scott |first=Laura Elaine |title=The Imposition of British Culture as Portrayed in the New Westminster Capital Plan of 1859 to 1862 |year=1983 |publisher=Simon Fraser University |type=M. A. Thesis |url=https://summit.sfu.ca/_flysystem/fedora/sfu_migrate/5945/b15313761.pdf }} *{{cite book | editor = Daniel Francis | title = [[Encyclopedia of British Columbia]] | publisher = Harbour Publishing | year = 1999 | isbn = 1-55017-200-X }} *{{cite book | author = Derek Hayes | title = Historical Atlas of Vancouver and the Lower Fraser Valley | publisher = Douglas & McIntyre | year = 2005 | pages=26–29 | isbn = 978-1-55365-283-0}} *{{cite book | author = Arthur S. Morton | title = A History of the Canadian West to 1870-71, Second Edition | publisher = University of Toronto Press | year = 1973 |orig-year= 1939 | isbn = 0-8020-0253-6 | page= 775f }} * {{cite journal |last=Moody |first=Richard Clement |title=Letter of Colonel Richard Clement Moody, R.E., to Arthur Blackwood, February 1, 1859 |journal=British Columbia Historical Quarterly |date=January - April 1951 |volume=XV |issue=1 & 2 |editor=Willard E. Ireland |pages=85–107 |url=https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/bch/items/1.0190628#p88z-3r0f: }} * {{cite DCB |first=Margaret A. |last=Ormsby |url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/moody_richard_clement_11E.html |title=Entry for Moody, Richard Clement |volume=11 }}

{{S-start}} {{s-gov}} {{succession box | before=None (R. C. Moody Inaugural Holder) | title=[[Governor of the Falkland Islands]] (renamed from 'Lieutenant-Governor' in June 1843) and Commander-in-Chief of the Falkland Islands| years=01 October 1841 – July 1848 | after=[[George Rennie (sculptor and politician)|George Rennie]]}} {{succession box | before=None (R. C. Moody Inaugural Holder) | title=[[Lieutenant-Governor of British Columbia|Lieutenant-Governor]] of [[Colony of British Columbia (1858–66)|British Columbia]] and Chief Commissioner of Lands and Works for British Columbia| years=25 December 1858 – July 1863 | after=[[Frederick Seymour]]}} {{s-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Moody, Richard Clement}} [[Category:1813 births]] [[Category:1887 deaths]] [[Category:Moody family (Arthuret)]] [[Category:Blamire family]] [[Category:Washington family]] [[Category:Barbadian people of English descent]] [[Category:British people of Barbadian descent]] [[Category:People from Bridgetown]] [[Category:People from Saint Michael, Barbados]] [[Category:19th-century Barbadian people]] [[Category:Colony of Barbados people]] [[Category:People from Mayfair]] [[Category:English Anglicans]] [[Category:19th-century Anglicans]] [[Category:English surveyors]] [[Category:Royal Engineers officers]] [[Category:British Army major generals]] [[Category:Graduates of the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich]] [[Category:Academics of the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich]] [[Category:Governors of the Falkland Islands]] [[Category:Recipients of the Order of Military Merit (France)]] [[Category:British Army personnel of the Crimean War]] [[Category:19th-century English classical musicians]] [[Category:Edinburgh Castle]] [[Category:Lieutenant governors of British Columbia]] [[Category:British colonial governors and administrators in the Americas]] [[Category:Colony of British Columbia (1858–1866) people]] [[Category:Pre-Confederation British Columbia people]] [[Category:Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada)]] [[Category:19th-century British explorers]] [[Category:British explorers of North America]] [[Category:Explorers of British Columbia]] [[Category:History of the Pacific Northwest]] [[Category:Interior of British Columbia]] [[Category:New Westminster]] [[Category:Fellows of the Institution of Civil Engineers]] [[Category:Institution of Civil Engineers]] [[Category:Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society]] [[Category:Deaths from intracranial haemorrhage]] [[Category:Burials in Dorset]] [[Category:Burials at St Peter's Church, Bournemouth]]