{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = 艷麗齒唇蘭 Anoectochilus moulmeinensis -昆明金殿植物園 Kunming YuanLin Botanic Gardens, China- (9255247298).jpg | image_caption = ''Rhomboda moulmeinensis'' | display_parents = 3 | taxon = Rhomboda | authority = Lindl.<ref name="WCSP" /> | type_species = ''Rhomboda longifolia'' | type_species_authority = <ref name="ATROK"/> }}
'''''Rhomboda''''', commonly known as '''velvet jewel orchids''',<ref name="Jones">{{cite book|last1=Jones|first1=David L.|title=A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories|date=2006|publisher=New Holland|location=Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.|isbn=1877069124|page =349}}</ref> is a genus of about twenty species of flowering plants in the orchid family Orchidaceae. Plants in this genus are mostly terrestrial herbs with a fleshy, creeping rhizome and a loose rosette of green to maroon coloured leaves. Small resupinate or partly resupinate, dull coloured flowers are borne on a hairy flowering stem. The dorsal sepal and petals overlap and form a hood over the column and there is a deep pouch at the base of the labellum. They are found in tropical regions from northern India through Southeast Asia, China, Japan to Australia and some Pacific Islands.
==Description== Orchids in the genus ''Rhomboda'' are usually terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, sympodial herbs with a creeping, fleshy, above-ground rhizome anchored to the ground by wiry roots. A few species are epiphytic. The leaves are spirally arranged around the stem with the upper leaves forming a loose rosette. They are dark green to maroon or brownish with a central white or red line. The flowers are resupinate or partly resupinate with the dorsal sepal and petals fused to form a hood over the column. The lateral sepals are similar to the dorsal sepal, free and often spreading. The labellum has a deep pouch near its base, a narrow middle section and often has a hooked tip.<ref name="Jones" /><ref name="Pridgeon">{{cite book |editor1=Alec M. Pridgeon |editor2=Phillip J. Cribb |editor3=Mark W. Chase |editor4=Finn N. Rasmussen |title=Genera orchidacearum (Volume 3) |date=2003 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=0198507119 |pages=142–145}}</ref><ref name="ATROK">{{cite web |author1=D.L.Jones |author2=T.Hopley |author3=S.M.Duffy |author1-link=David L. Jones (botanist) |year=2010 |access-date=29 May 2021 |url=http://www.canbr.gov.au/cpbr/cd-keys/RFKOrchids/key/rfkorchids/Media/Html/genera/Rhomboda.htm |title=''Rhomboda'' |website=Australian Tropical Rainforest Orchids |publisher=Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government}}</ref><ref name="China">{{cite web |title=''Rhomboda'' |url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=128428 |publisher=Flora of China |accessdate=4 September 2018}}</ref><ref name="ONG">{{cite web |title=Genus ''Rhomboda'' |url=http://www.orchidsnewguinea.com/orchid-information/genus/genuscode/56 |publisher=Orchids of New Guinea |accessdate=4 September 2018}}</ref>
==Taxonomy and naming== The genus ''Rhomboda'' was first formally described in 1857 by John Lindley and the description was published in ''Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany''.<ref name="WCSP" /><ref name="Lindl.">{{cite journal |last1=Lindley |first1=John |title=The Orchidology of India |journal=Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany |date=1825 |volume=1 |page=181 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/8352#page/185/mode/1up |accessdate=4 September 2018}}</ref> The name ''Rhomboda'' is derived from the Ancient Greek word ''rhombos'' meaning "a top",<ref name="RWB">{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Roland Wilbur|title=The Composition of Scientific Words|date=1956|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|location=Washington, D.C.|page=227}}</ref> referring to the shape of the calli on the labellum of the type specimen.<ref name="Pridgeon" />
==Distribution== Orchids in the genus ''Rhomboda'' are native to Nepal, India, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, China, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Japan, the Philippines, New Guinea, New Caledonia, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and Queensland between the Daintree and Paluma.
===Species list=== The following is a list of species accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as at August 2018:<ref name="WCSP">{{cite web |url=http://wcsp.science.kew.org/namedetail.do?name_id=178241 |title=''Rhomboda'' |work=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew }}{{dead link|date=October 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
*''Rhomboda abbreviata'' <small>(Lindl.) Ormerod</small> - Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Assam, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand *''Rhomboda alticola'' <small>(Schltr.) Ormerod</small> - New Guinea *''Rhomboda arunachalensis'' <small>A.N.Rao</small> - Arunachal Pradesh *''Rhomboda atrorubens'' <small>(Schltr.) Ormerod</small> - New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago *''Rhomboda bantaengensis'' <small>(J.J.Sm.) Ormerod</small> - Sulawesi *''Rhomboda blackii'' <small>(Ames) Ormerod</small> - Mindanao *''Rhomboda cristata'' <small>(Blume) Ormerod</small> - Java, Philippines *''Rhomboda dennisii'' <small>Ormerod</small> - Vanuatu, Solomon Islands *''Rhomboda elbertii'' <small>Ormerod</small> - Sulawesi *''Rhomboda fanjingensis'' <small>Ormerod</small> - Guizhou *''Rhomboda kerintjiensis'' <small>(J.J.Sm.) Ormerod</small> - Sumatra *''Rhomboda lanceolata'' <small>(Lindl.) Ormerod</small> - Darjiling, Bhutan, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Myanmar, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatra, New Guinea, Kyushu *''Rhomboda longifolia'' <small>Lindl.</small> - Sikkim *''Rhomboda minahassae'' <small>(Schltr.) Ormerod</small> - Sulawesi *''Rhomboda moulmeinensis'' <small>(C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Ormerod</small> - Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan, Myanmar, Thailand *''Rhomboda pauciflora'' <small>(Ridl.) Ormerod</small> - Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah *''Rhomboda petelottii'' <small>(Gagnep.) Ormerod</small> - Vietnam *''Rhomboda polygonoides'' <small>(F.Muell.) Ormerod</small> - Queensland, New Guinea, Maluku, Solomon Islands, Bismarck Archipelago, New Caledonia *''Rhomboda pulchra'' <small>(King & Pantl.) Ormerod & Av.Bhattacharjee</small> *''Rhomboda tokioi'' <small>(Fukuy.) Ormerod</small> - Guangdong, Taiwan, Japan, Ryukyu Islands, Vietnam *''Rhomboda velutina'' <small>(J.J.Sm.) Ormerod</small> - Java, Lesser Sunda Islands *''Rhomboda wardii'' <small>Ormerod</small> - Myanmar *''Rhomboda yakusimensis'' <small>(Masam.) Ormerod</small> - Ryukyu Islands, Izu Islands, Kyushu
==References== {{Commons}} {{Wikispecies}} {{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from= Q9068840}}
Category:Rhomboda Category:Orchids of Queensland Category:Orchids of Asia Category:Orchids of China Category:Orchids of Japan Category:Orchids of New Guinea Category:Orchids of New Caledonia Category:Orchids of Laos Category:Orchids of the Solomon Islands Category:Orchids of Thailand Category:Orchids of Vanuatu Category:Cranichideae genera