{{Short description|Bantu language spoken in Tanzania}} {{distinguish|Iau language}} {{Infobox language |name=Turu |altname=Nyaturu |nativename=''Kιnyatυrυ'', ''Kιrιmi'' |states=[[Tanzania]] |ethnicity=[[Turu people (Tanzania)|Turu]] |speakers={{sigfig|595,000|2}} |date=2006 |ref=e18 |familycolor=Niger-Congo |fam2=[[Atlantic–Congo languages|Atlantic–Congo]] |fam3=[[Volta-Congo]] |fam4=[[Benue–Congo languages|Benue–Congo]] |fam5=[[Bantoid languages|Bantoid]] |fam6=[[Southern Bantoid]] |fam7=[[Bantu languages|Bantu]] |fam8=Nyaturu-Nilamba-Isanzu |iso3=rim |glotto=nyat1246 |glottorefname=Nyaturu |guthrie=F.32 }} {{infobox NC name|Mυnyatυrυ, Mυrιmi|Wanyatυrυ, Arιmi|Kιnyatυrυ, Kιrιmi|Unyatυrυ, Urιmi|Tυrυ}}
The '''Turu''' or '''Nyaturu language''', ''Kinyaturu'', also known as '''Rimi''' ''Kirimi'', is a [[Bantu language]] of spoken by the [[Turu people (Tanzania)|''Wanyaturu'']] also known as ''Arimi'' of the [[Singida Region|Singida]] region of [[Tanzania]]. Excluding the Bantu language prefixes ''Ke-'' and ''Ki-,'' other spellings of the language are ''Limi'' and ''Remi''. Dialects of the three Turu tribes are ''Girwana'' of the ''Airwana (Wilwana)'' in the north, ''Giahi'' of the ''Vahi (Wahi)'' in the south and west, and ''Ginyamunyinganyi'' of the ''Anyiŋanyi (Wanyinganyi)'' in the east.
== Phonology == === Consonants === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! colspan="3" |[[Bilabial consonant|Bilabial]] ! colspan="3" |[[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]] ! colspan="2" |[[Postalveolar consonant|Post-alv.]]/<br>[[Palatal consonant|Palatal]] ! colspan="3" |[[Velar consonant|Velar]] ! colspan="2" |[[Uvular consonant|Uvular]] ! colspan="2" |[[Glottal consonant|Glottal]] |- !<small>plain</small> !<small>[[Labialization|lab.]]</small> !<small>[[Palatalization (phonetics)|pal.]]</small> !<small>plain</small> !<small>[[Labialization|lab.]]</small> !<small>[[Palatalization (phonetics)|pal.]]</small> !<small>plain</small> !<small>[[Labialization|lab.]]</small> !<small>plain</small> !<small>[[Labialization|lab.]]</small> !<small>[[Palatalization (phonetics)|pal.]]</small> !<small>plain</small> !<small>[[Labialization|lab.]]</small> !<small>plain</small> !<small>[[Labialization|lab.]]</small> |- ! colspan="2" |[[Nasal stop|Nasal]] |{{IPA link|m}} |{{IPA link|mʷ}} |{{IPA link|mʲ}} |{{IPA link|n}} |{{IPA link|nʷ}} | |{{IPA link|ɲ}} |{{IPA link|ɲʷ}} |{{IPA link|ŋ}} |{{IPA link|ŋʷ}} | | | | | |- ! rowspan="4" |[[Plosive]]/<br>[[Affricate]] !<small>voiceless</small> |{{IPA link|p}} | | |{{IPA link|t}} | | |{{IPA link|t͡ʃ}} |{{IPA link|t͡ʃʷ}} |{{IPA link|k}} |{{IPA link|kʷ}} |{{IPA link|kʲ}} | | | | |- !<small>voiced</small> |{{IPA link|b}} |{{IPA link|bʷ}} | |{{IPA link|d}} |{{IPA link|dʷ}} | |{{IPA link|d͡ʒ}} |{{IPA link|d͡ʒʷ}} |{{IPA link|ɡ}} |{{IPA link|ɡʷ}} | | | | | |- !<small>prenasal vl.</small> |{{IPA link|ᵐp}} |{{IPA link|ᵐpʷ}} |{{IPA link|ᵐpʲ}} |{{IPA link|ⁿt}} |{{IPA link|ⁿtʷ}} |{{IPA link|ⁿtʲ}} |{{IPA link|ᶮt͡ʃ}} |{{IPA link|ᶮt͡ʃʷ}} |{{IPA link|ᵑk}} |{{IPA link|ᵑkʷ}} | | | | | |- !<small>prenasal vd.</small> |{{IPA link|ᵐb}} |{{IPA link|ᵐbʷ}} |{{IPA link|ᵐbʲ}} |{{IPA link|ⁿd}} |{{IPA link|ⁿdʷ}} |{{IPA link|ⁿdʲ}} |{{IPA link|ᶮd͡ʒ}} |{{IPA link|ᶮd͡ʒʷ}} |{{IPA link|ᵑɡ}} |{{IPA link|ᵑɡʷ}} | | | | | |- ! rowspan="3" |[[Fricative]] !<small>voiceless</small> |{{IPA link|ɸ}} |{{IPA link|ɸʷ}} |{{IPA link|ɸʲ}} |{{IPA link|s}} |{{IPA link|sʷ}} |{{IPA link|sʲ}} | | |{{IPA link|x}} |{{IPA link|xʷ}} | | | |{{IPA link|h}} |{{IPA link|hʷ}} |- !<small>voiced</small> |{{IPA link|β}} | |{{IPA link|βʲ}} | | | | | |{{IPA link|ɣ}} |{{IPA link|ɣʷ}} | |{{IPA link|ʁ}} |{{IPA link|ʁʷ}} | | |- !<small>prenasal</small> | | | |{{IPA link|ⁿs}} |{{IPA link|ⁿsʷ}} | | | |{{IPA link|ᵑx}} |{{IPA link|ᵑxʷ}} | |{{IPA link|ᶰʁ}} | | | |- ! rowspan="2" |[[Tap and flap consonants|Flap]] !<small>voiceless</small> | | | |{{IPA link|ɾ̥}} |{{IPA link|ɾ̥ʷ}} |{{IPA link|ɾ̥ʲ}} | | | | | | | | | |- !<small>voiced</small> | | | |{{IPA link|ɾ}} |{{IPA link|ɾʷ}} |{{IPA link|ɾʲ}} | | | | | | | | | |- ! colspan="2" |[[Approximant]] | | | |{{IPA link|l}} |{{IPA link|lʷ}} |{{IPA link|lʲ}} |{{IPA link|j}} |{{IPA link|jʷ}} |{{IPA link|w}} | | | | | | |}
*
=== Vowels === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! ![[Front vowel|Front]] ![[Central vowel|Central]] ![[Back vowel|Back]] |- ![[Close vowel|Close]] |{{IPA link|i}} {{IPA link|iː}} | |{{IPA link|u}} {{IPA link|uː}} |- ![[Near-close vowel|Near-close]] |{{IPA link|ɪ}} {{IPA link|ɪː}} | |{{IPA link|ʊ}} {{IPA link|ʊː}} |- ![[Mid vowel|Mid]] |{{IPA link|e}} {{IPA link|eː}} | |{{IPA link|o}} {{IPA link|oː}} |- ![[Open vowel|Open]] | |{{IPA link|a}} {{IPA link|aː}} | |}
* Short vowel sounds /e, o/ may also be heard as more open [ɛ, ɔ] as allophones.<ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Olson |first=Howard S. |title=The Phonology and Morphology of Rįmi |location=Hartford CT |publisher=Hartford Seminary Foundation |date=May 1964 |degree=PhD |url=https://archive.org/details/phonologymorphol0000olso/page/n5/mode/2up |url-access=registration}}</ref>
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Languages of Tanzania}} {{Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H)}}
[[Category:Languages of Tanzania]] [[Category:Northeast Bantu languages]]
{{Bantu-lang-stub}}