Reicheocactus

{{Short description|Monotypic genus of cactus}} {{Speciesbox |image = 仙人掌-黒斜子 Reicheocactus pseudoreicheanus (Echinopsis famatimensis) -日本大阪鮮花競放館 Osaka Sakuya Konohana Kan, Japan- (40360118800).jpg |image_caption = |status = VU |status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref =<ref name="IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010 p. ">{{cite journal | title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | journal=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | date=2010-09-22 | url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/152172/121461584 | access-date=2023-10-02 | page=}}</ref> |display_parents = 3 |genus = Reicheocactus |parent_authority = [[Curt Backeberg|Backeb.]] |species = famatimensis |authority = (Speg.) Schlumpb. |synonyms_ref = <ref name=POWO_77122531-1>{{Cite POWO|title=''Reicheocactus famatimensis'' (Speg.) Schlumpb..|id=77122531-1|access-date=2023-10-16|mode=cs1}}</ref> |synonyms = {{collapsible list| *''Echinocactus famatinensis'' Speg. *''Echinopsis famatinensis'' (Speg.) Werderm. *''Lobivia famatinensis'' (Speg.) Britton & Rose *''Echinopsis bonnieae'' (Halda, Hogan & Janeba) Halda & Malina *''Lobivia bonnieae'' Halda, Hogan & Janeba *''Lobivia famatinensis'' var. ''aurantiaca'' Backeb., no Latin descr. *''Lobivia famatinensis'' var. ''cinnabarina'' Backeb., no Latin descr. *''Lobivia otukae'' Y.Itô *''Lobivia otukae'' var. ''cinnabarina'' Y.Itô *''Lobivia otukae'' var. ''croceantha'' Y.Itô *''Reicheocactus bonnieae'' (Halda, Hogan & Janeba) Schlumpb. *''Reicheocactus pseudoreicheanus'' Backeb. }} }}

'''''Reicheocactus''''' is a [[monotypic taxon|monotypic]] [[genus]] of [[cactus]] in the family Cactaceae, native to north western Argentina. It has only one known species, '''''Reicheocactus famatimensis'''''.<ref name="Powo">{{cite web |title=''Reicheocactus'' Backeb. {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295167-2 |website=Plants of the World Online |access-date=25 September 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

==Description== ''Reicheocactus famatinensis'' usually grows solitary and only occasionally forms cushions. The spherical to short cylindrical shoots reach heights of {{cvt|3 to 7|cm}} with diameters of {{cvt|2.5 to 6|cm}}. The [[shoot apex]] is strongly sunken. There are 24 to 30 low ribs, which are divided into cusps. The brownish [[areole]]s on them are elongated. Central spines are not formed. The seven to nine whitish to yellowish marginal spines have a darker base. They are curved, rest on the surface of the shoot and are up to {{cvt|0.3|cm}} long. The short, funnel-shaped, yellow to orange flowers are {{cvt|3 to 3.5|cm}} long.<ref name="Anderson Eggli 2005 p. 228">{{cite book | last1=Anderson | first1=Edward F. | last2=Eggli | first2=Urs | title=Das grosse Kakteen-Lexikon | publisher=Ulmer | publication-place=Stuttgart (Hohenheim) | date=2005 | isbn=3-8001-4573-1 | language=de | page=228}}</ref>

It is usually solitary or slowly clumping and slow growing. The stems are small flattened-roundish to cylindrical with very short spidery-pectinate spines and egg-yellow flowers.<ref name="llifle">{{cite web |title=Lobivia famatimensis |url=http://www.llifle.com/Encyclopedia/CACTI/Family/Cactaceae/3315/Lobivia_famatimensis |website=www.llifle.com |access-date=25 September 2022}}</ref> <gallery> File:Lobivia famatimensis v. bonnieae.jpg|''Reicheocactus famatimensis'' File:Echinopsis famatinensis1PCJO.jpg|Flowers </gallery>

==Taxonomy== The genus ''Reicheocactus'' was published in Cactaceae (Berlin) 1941(2) on page 76 (published in 1942), and the species was published in Cactaceae Syst. Init. vol.28 on page 30 in 2012.<ref name="Powo"/>

It was once thought to be a synonym of ''[[Rebutia]]'',<ref>{{citation |title=List of genera in family Cactaceae |url=http://data.kew.org/cgi-bin/vpfg1992/genlist.pl?CACTACEAE |work=Vascular Plant Families and Genera |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |access-date=2013-03-10}}</ref> and commonly found in cactus nurseries as ''Lobivia famatimensis''.<ref>{{cite web |title=''Lobivia famatimensis'' crest |url=https://planetdesert.com/products/lobivia-famatimensis-crest |website=Planet Desert |access-date=25 September 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

The genus name of ''Reicheocactus'' is in honour of [[Karl Friedrich Reiche]] (1860–1929), who was a German [[botanist]] who worked as a university [[professor]] in [[Chile]] and [[Mexico]].<ref>{{cite book | last=Burkhardt | first=Lotte | title=Eine Enzyklopädie zu eponymischen Pflanzennamen |trans-title=Encyclopedia of eponymic plant names | publisher=Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin | year=2022 | isbn=978-3-946292-41-8 | url=https://doi.org/10.3372/epolist2022|format=pdf |language=German |location=Berlin | doi=10.3372/epolist2022 | s2cid=246307410 |access-date=January 27, 2022}}</ref> The Latin [[binomial nomenclature|specific epithet]] of ''famatimensis'' is derived from [[Sierra de Famatina]], a mountain range and [[massif]] in the [[Andes]] of the Argentine province of [[La Rioja]].

==Distribution== The species grows at elevations of {{convert|1000|to|3000|m|ft|abbr=on}} meters above sea level. It is found in high altitude [[grasslands]] on rocky soils. The species is not common or abundant, however it is difficult to see because of its small size. The major threat for the species is over collection (by plant collectors). The potential development of [[mining]] in its natural habitat could affect the populations of the species in the near future.<ref name="llifle"/>

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== *{{Commons category-inline|Reicheocactus|''Reicheocactus''}} *{{Wikispecies-inline|Reicheocactus|''Reicheocactus''}}

==Other sources== * Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton "Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names". Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg 2010

[[Category:Cereeae]] [[Category:Cereeae genera]] [[Category:Monotypic Cactaceae genera]]