{{Short description|First-level administrative divisions of Italy}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2024}} {{Infobox subdivision type | name = Regions of Italy | native_name = Regioni d'Italia | native_name_lang = it | alt_name = | map = {{Italy Labelled Map Scalable|image-width=350}} | category = Regionalised unitary state | territory = Italian Republic | start_date = | current_number = 20 | number_date = | population_range = 122,714 (Aosta Valley) – 10,035,481 (Lombardy) | area_range = {{Convert|3,261|sqkm|abbr=on}} (Aosta Valley) –<br>{{Convert|25,832|sqkm|abbr=on}} (Sicily) | government = Regional government, national government | subdivision = Provinces }}

The '''regions of Italy''' ({{langx|it|regioni d'Italia}}) are the first-level administrative divisions of the unitary Italian Republic, constituting its second NUTS administrative level.<ref name=eurostat>{{cite web|title=National structures|url=http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/nuts_nomenclature/correspondence_tables/national_structures_eu|publisher=Eurostat|access-date=6 December 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140713161607/http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/nuts_nomenclature/correspondence_tables/national_structures_eu|archive-date=13 July 2014}}</ref> There are twenty regions, five of which are autonomous regions with special status. Under the Constitution of Italy, each region is an autonomous entity with defined powers. With the exception of the Aosta Valley (since 1945) and Friuli-Venezia Giulia (since 2015), each region is divided into a number of provinces.

==History== During the Kingdom of Italy, regions were mere statistical districts of the central state. Under the Republic, they were granted a measure of political autonomy by the 1948 Italian Constitution. The original draft list comprised the Salento region (which was eventually included in Apulia); ''Friuli'' and ''Venezia Giulia'' were separate regions, and Basilicata was named ''Lucania''. Abruzzo and Molise were identified as separate regions in the first draft, but were later merged into ''Abruzzi e Molise'' in the final constitution of 1948, before being separated in 1963.{{Citation needed|date=May 2026}}

Implementation of regional autonomy was postponed until the first Regional elections of 1970. The ruling Christian Democracy party did not want the opposition Italian Communist Party to gain power in the regions where it was historically rooted (the ''red belt'' of Emilia-Romagna, Tuscany, Umbria and the Marches).{{Citation needed|date=May 2026}}

Regions acquired a significant level of autonomy following a constitutional reform in 2001 (brought about by a centre-left government and confirmed by popular referendum), which granted them residual policy competence. A further federalist reform was proposed by the regionalist party {{Lang|it|Lega Nord|italic=no}} and in 2005, the centre-right government led by Silvio Berlusconi proposed a new reform that would have greatly increased the power of regions.<ref name=fedref/>

The proposals, which had been particularly associated with {{Lang|it|Lega Nord|italic=no}}, and seen by some as leading the way to a federal state, were rejected in the 2006 Italian constitutional referendum by 61.7% "no" to 38.3% "yes".<ref name=fedref>{{cite news|title=Speciale Referendum 2006|url=http://www.repubblica.it/speciale/2006/referendum/|access-date=6 December 2011|newspaper=la Repubblica|date=26 June 2006|archive-date=23 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230123195339/https://www.repubblica.it/speciale/2006/referendum/|url-status=live}}</ref> The results varied considerably among the regions, ranging from 55.3% in favour in Veneto to 82% against in Calabria.<ref name="fedref" />

==Politics and government== {{See also|Conference of Regions and Autonomous Provinces}} thumb|Regions coloured by the winning coalition (as of November 2024) Each region has an elected parliament, called ''Consiglio Regionale'' (regional council), or ''Assemblea Regionale'' (regional assembly) in Sicily, and a government called ''Giunta Regionale'' (regional committee), headed by a governor called ''Presidente della Giunta Regionale'' (president of the regional committee) or ''Presidente della Regione'' (regional president). The latter is directly elected by the citizens of each region, with the exceptions of Aosta Valley and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol regions where the president is chosen by the regional council.{{Citation needed|date=May 2026}} Contrasting the parliamentary system of Italy, the regions instead uses a presidential system.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Palermo |first=Francesco |date=2019-10-31 |title=The Erosion of Italian Regionalism |url=https://verfassungsblog.de/the-erosion-of-italian-regionalism/ |journal=Verfassungsblog |doi=10.17176/20191031-163150-0 |issn=2366-7044 |quote=The attention given to the regional elections in Umbria didn’t change when the direct election of regional presidents was introduced in 1995 (and constitutionalized in 1999), making Italy the only European country with a presidential system at regional level. For the past two decades, the only electoral thrill in the region was the amount of votes and the broader or smaller margin in favour of the presidential candidate from the leftist coalition.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Vampa |first1=Davide |title=Translating votes into seats and offices: Changing representation and government in the Italian Regions (2018-2020) |journal=Contemporary Italian Politics |date=2021 |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=485–505 |doi=10.1080/23248823.2021.1969490 |quote=The rationale of the index is the same as that of the general ENP, with a score of 1 meaning that the opposition is formed by just one party, 2 meaning that there are two opposition parties of exactly the same size, and so on. In this article the same index is also applied to the ruling coalition to determine whether it is more or less fragmented than its opposition. In an anomalous presidential system like the one existingin Italian regions, government formation is still linked to parliamentary dynamics (i.e.the composition of regional councils). Therefore, rather than focusing on vote shares, this time we only consider how seats are distributed within the government and opposition camps (ENP{{small|SM}}; ENP{{small|SO}}).}}</ref>

Under the 1995 electoral law, the winning coalition receives an absolute majority of seats on the council. The president chairs the ''giunta'', and nominates or dismisses its members, called ''assessori''. If the directly elected president resigns, new elections are called immediately.{{Citation needed|date=May 2026}}

In the Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol region, the regional council is made up of the joint session of the two provincial councils of Trentino and of South Tyrol. The regional president is one of the two provincial commissioners.{{Citation needed|date=May 2026}}

The list below shows the number of regions governed by each coalition since 1995:

{{legend|#EF3E3E|Centre-left}}{{legend|#0A6BE1|Centre-right}}{{legend|#cccccc|Others}} <timeline> ImageSize = width:1000 height:230 PlotArea = width:835 height:180 left:30 bottom:20 AlignBars = justify

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==Regions== {| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" ! class="unsortable" rowspan="2"|Flag ! rowspan=2|Region<br/><small>''Italian name'' (if&nbsp;different)</small> ! rowspan=2|Status ! colspan=2|Population<ref>{{cite news|title=Population Italian Regions|url=http://www.tuttitalia.it/regioni/|website=tuttitalia.it|archive-date=9 May 2022|access-date=18 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220509133929/https://www.tuttitalia.it/regioni/|url-status=live}}</ref><br/><small>1 January 2025</small> ! colspan=2|Area ! rowspan=2|Pop. density<br/>(p/km<sup>2</sup>) ! rowspan=2|HDI<ref>{{cite web|title=Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab|url=https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/shdi/ITA/?levels=1%2B4&interpolation=1&extrapolation=0&nearest_real=0&years=2022|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org}}</ref> 2022 ! rowspan=2|Capital city ! class="unsortable" colspan=2 rowspan=2|President ! rowspan=2|Number of comuni<ref>{{cite news|title=Italian Comuni|url=http://www.tuttitalia.it/regioni/|website=tuttitalia.it|archive-date=9 May 2022|access-date=18 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220509133929/https://www.tuttitalia.it/regioni/|url-status=live}}</ref> ! rowspan=2|Prov. or<br/>metrop. cities |-style="background:#CEF6D8"| !Number !% !km<sup>2</sup> !% |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Abruzzo''' | align=center|Ordinary | align=right|1,268,430 | align=right|2.16% | align=right|{{convert|10,832|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|3.59% | align=right|117.1 | align=right|0.889 | align=center|L'Aquila | style="background:{{party color|Centre-right coalition}}"| |Marco Marsilio<br/><small>''Brothers of Italy''</small> | align=center|305 | align=center|4 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Aosta Valley'''<br/>''Valle d'Aosta''/''Vallée d'Aoste'' | align=center|Autonomous | align=right|122,714 | align=right|0.21% | align=right|{{convert|3,261|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|1.08% | align=right|37.63 | align=right|0.887 | align=center|Aosta | style="background:{{party color|Centre-right coalition}}"| | Renzo Testolin<br><small>''Valdostan Union''</small> | align=center|74 | align=center|1 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Apulia'''<br/>''Puglia'' | align=center|Ordinary | align=right|3,874,166 | align=right|6.63% | align=right|{{convert|19,541|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|6.48% | align=right|198.3 | align=right|0.854 | align=center|Bari | style="background:{{party color|Centre-left coalition}}"| | Antonio Decaro<br/><small>''Democratic Party''</small> | align=center|257 | align=center|6 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Basilicata''' | align=center|Ordinary | align=right|529,897 | align=right|0.92% | align=right|{{convert|10,073|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|3.34% | align=right|52.61 | align=right|0.862 | align=center|Potenza | style="background:{{party color|Centre-right coalition}}"| | Vito Bardi<br/><small>{{Lang|it|Forza Italia|italic=yes}}</small> | align=center|131 | align=center|2 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Calabria''' | align=center|Ordinary | align=right|1,832,147 | align=right|3.13% | align=right|{{convert|15,222|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|5.04% | align=right|120.4 | align=right|0.845 | align=center|Catanzaro | style="background:{{party color|Centre-right coalition}}"| | Roberto Occhiuto <br/><small>{{Lang|it|Forza Italia|italic=yes}}</small> | align=center|404 | align=center|5 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Campania''' | align=center|Ordinary | align=right|5,575,025 | align=right|9.48% | align=right|{{convert|13,671|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|4.53% | align=right|407.8 | align=right|0.854 | align=center|Naples | style="background:{{party color|Centre-left coalition}}"| | Roberto Fico<br/><small>''Five Star Movement''</small> | align=center|550 | align=center|5 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Emilia-Romagna''' | align=center|Ordinary | align=right|4,465,678 | align=right|7.51% | align=right|{{convert|22,453|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|7.44% | align=right|198.5 | align=right|0.921 | align=center|Bologna | style="background:{{party color|Centre-left coalition}}"| | Michele De Pascale<br/><small>''Democratic Party''</small> | align=center|330 | align=center|9 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Friuli-Venezia Giulia'''<br/>''Furlanija-Julijska Krajina/Friûl-Vignesie Julie/Friaul-Julisch Venetien'' | align=center|Autonomous | align=right|1,194,095 | align=right|2.03% | align=right|{{convert|7,924|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|2.63% | align=right|150.5 | align=right|0.903 | align=center|Trieste | style="background:{{party color|Centre-right coalition}};"| | Massimiliano Fedriga<br/><small>''League''</small> | align=center|215 | align=center|4 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Lazio''' | align=center|Ordinary | align=right|5,710,272 | align=right|9.69% | align=right|{{convert|17,232|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|5.71% | align=right|331.4 | align=right|0.914 | align=center|Rome | style="background:{{party color|Centre-right coalition}};"| | Francesco Rocca<br/><small>''Independent''</small> | align=center|378 | align=center|5 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Liguria''' | align=center|Ordinary | align=right|1,509,908 | align=right|2.56% | align=right|{{convert|5,416|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|1.79% | align=right|278.8 | align=right|0.898 | align=center|Genoa | style="background:{{party color|Centre-right coalition}};"| | Marco Bucci<br/><small>''Independent''</small> | align=center|234 | align=center|4 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Lombardy'''<br/>''Lombardia'' | align=center|Ordinary | align=right|10,035,481 | align=right|16.89% | align=right|{{convert|23,864|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|7.91% | align=right|420.5 | align=right|0.912 | align=center|Milan | style="background:{{party color|Centre-right coalition}};"| | Attilio Fontana<br/><small>''League''</small> | align=center|1,506 | align=center|12 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Marche''' | align=center|Ordinary | align=right|1,481,252 | align=right|2.53% | align=right|{{convert|9,401|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|3.12% | align=right|158.5 | align=right|0.901 | align=center|Ancona | style="background:{{party color|Centre-right coalition}}"| | Francesco Acquaroli<br/><small>''Brothers of Italy''</small> | align=center|225 | align=center|5 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Molise''' | align=center|Ordinary | align=right|287,966 | align=right|0.49% | align=right|{{convert|4,461|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|1.48% | align=right|64.56 | align=right|0.872 | align=center|Campobasso | style="background:{{party color|Centre-right coalition}};"| | Francesco Roberti<br/><small>{{Lang|it|Forza Italia|italic=yes}}</small> | align=center|136 | align=center|2 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Piedmont'''<br/>''Piemonte'' | align=center|Ordinary | align=right|4,255,702 | align=right|7.21% | align=right|{{convert|25,387|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|8.41% | align=right|167.6 | align=right|0.898 | align=center|Turin | style="background:{{party color|Centre-right coalition}}"| | Alberto Cirio<br/><small>{{Lang|it|Forza Italia|italic=yes}}</small> | align=center|1,181 | align=center|8 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Sardinia'''<br/>''Sardegna'' | align=center|Autonomous | align=right|1,561,339 | align=right|2.68% | align=right|{{convert|24,100|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|7.99% | align=right|64.79 | align=right|0.868 | align=center|Cagliari | style="background:{{party color|Centre-left coalition}}"| | Alessandra Todde<br/><small>''Five Star Movement''</small> | align=center|377 | align=center|5 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Sicily'''<br/>''Sicilia'' | align=center|Autonomous | align=right|4,779,371 | align=right|8.14% | align=right|{{convert|25,832|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|8.56% | align=right|185.0 | align=right|0.845 | align=center|Palermo | style="background:{{party color|Centre-right coalition}}"| | Renato Schifani<br/><small>{{Lang|it|Forza Italia|italic=yes}}</small> | align=center|391 | align=center|9 |- | rowspan="2" align="center" |40px|border | rowspan="2" align="center" |'''Trentino-South Tyrol'''<br/>''Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol'' | rowspan="2" align="center" |Autonomous | rowspan="2" align="right" |1,086,095 | rowspan="2" align="right" |1.83% | rowspan="2" align="right" |{{convert|13,606|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | rowspan="2" align="right" |4.51% | rowspan="2" align="right" |79.82 | align=right|0.920 (Trentino) | rowspan="2" align="center" |Trento | rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Centre-right coalition}};" | | rowspan="2" | Arno Kompatscher<br/><small>''South Tyrolean People's Party''</small> | rowspan="2" align="center" |282 | rowspan="2" align="center" |2 |- | align=right|0.910 (South Tyrol) |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Tuscany'''<br/>''Toscana'' | align=center|Ordinary | align=right|3,660,834 | align=right|6.23% | align=right|{{convert|22,987|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|7.62% | align=right|159.3 | align=right|0.907 | align=center|Florence | style="background:{{party color|Centre-left coalition}}"| | Eugenio Giani<br/><small>''Democratic Party''</small> | align=center|273 | align=center|10 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Umbria''' | align=center|Ordinary | align=right|851,954 | align=right|1.46% | align=right|{{convert|8,464|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|2.81% | align=right|100.7 | align=right|0.897 | align=center|Perugia | style="background:{{party color|Centre-left coalition}}"| | Stefania Proietti<br/><small>''Independent''</small> | align=center|92 | align=center|2 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Veneto''' | align=center|Ordinary | align=right|4,851,851 | align=right|8.23% | align=right|{{convert|18,345|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | align=right|5.97% | align=right|264.5 | align=right|0.900 | align=center|Venice | style="background:{{party color|Centre-right coalition}};"| | Alberto Stefani<br/><small>''League''</small> | align=center|563 | align=center|7 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|'''Italy<br/>''Italia''''' | align=center|'''—''' | align=right|'''58,934,177''' | align=right|'''100.00%''' | align=right|'''{{convert|302,068.26|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}''' | align=right|'''100.00%''' | align=right|'''195.1''' | align=right|'''0.892''' | align=center|'''Rome''' | style="background:{{party color|Independent politician}}"| | '''Sergio Mattarella<br/><small>''Independent''</small>''' | align=center|'''7,904''' | align=center|'''107''' |- |-class="sortbottom" |}

==Macroregions== Macroregions are the first-level NUTS of the European Union.<sup>(it)</sup><ref>{{cite web|url=http://demo.istat.it/popres/index.php?anno=2021&lingua=ita|title=ISTAT geo-demo|access-date=26 July 2021|archive-date=11 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111164847/http://demo.istat.it/popres/index.php?anno=2021&lingua=ita|url-status=live}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right;" ! class="unsortable" rowspan="2"|Map ! rowspan=2|Macroregion<br/><small>''Italian name''</small> ! rowspan=2|Regions ! rowspan=2|Major city ! colspan=2|Population<br/><small>January 2022</small> ! colspan=2|Area (km<sup>2</sup>) ! rowspan=2|Population<br/> density<br/>(km<sup>2</sup>) ! rowspan="2" |MEPs |-style="background:#CEF6D8"| !Number !% !km<sup>2</sup> !% |- | align=center|130px|center | align=center|'''Centre'''<br/>''Centro'' | align=center|Lazio<br/>Marche<br/>Tuscany<br/>Umbria | align=center|Rome | 11,740,836 | 19.91% | {{convert|58,085|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | 19.23% | 202 |15 |- | align=center|130px|center | align=center|'''North-West'''<br/>''Nord-Ovest'' | align=center|Aosta Valley<br/>Liguria<br/>Lombardy<br/>Piedmont | align=center|Milan | 15,848,100 | 26.87% | {{convert|57,928|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | 19.18% | 274 |20 |- | align=center|130px|center | align=center|'''North-East'''<br/>''Nord-Est'' | align=center|Emilia-Romagna<br/>Friuli-Venezia Giulia<br/>Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol<br/>Veneto | align=center|Bologna | 11,561,676 | 19.60% | {{convert|62,003|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | 20.63% | 186 |15 |- | align=center|130px|center | align=center|'''South'''<br/>''Sud'' | align=center|Abruzzo<br/>Apulia<br/>Basilicata<br/>Calabria<br/>Campania<br/>Molise | align=center|Naples | 13,451,861 | 22.81% | {{convert|73,800|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | 24.43% | 182 |18 |- | align=center|130px|center | align=center|'''Islands'''<br/>{{Nowrap|''Isole'' or ''Insulare''}} | align=center|Sardinia<br/>Sicily | align=center|Palermo | 6,380,649 | 10.82% | {{convert|49,932|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | 16.53% | 128 |8 |- |-class="sortbottom" |}

==Status== thumb|right|The 5 autonomous regions in red and the 15 ordinary regions in gray Every region has a statute that serves as a regional constitution, determining the form of government and the fundamental principles of the organization and the functioning of the region, as prescribed by the ''Constitution of Italy'' (Article 123). Although all the regions except Tuscany define themselves in various ways as an "autonomous Region" in the first article of their Statutes,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.simone.it/statuti/index.htm|title=Statuti Regionali – Casa Editrice: Edizioni Simone|first1=Luciano|last1=Torrente|first2=Paolo|last2=Strazzullo|first3=Roberto|last3=Pinto|website=www.simone.it|access-date=6 June 2011|archive-date=19 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219042623/https://www.simone.it/statuti/index.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> fifteen regions have ordinary statutes and five have special statutes, granting them extended autonomy.

===Regions with ordinary statute=== These regions, whose statutes are approved by their regional councils, were created in 1970, even though the Italian Constitution dates back to 1948. Since the constitutional reform of 2001 they have had residual legislative powers: ''the regions have exclusive legislative power with respect to any matters not expressly reserved to state law'' (Article 117).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://servat.unibe.ch/icl/it00000_.html|title=ICL – Italy – Constitution|first=Prof. Dr. Axel Tschentscher|last=LL.M.|website=servat.unibe.ch|access-date=21 January 2009|archive-date=22 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071222104721/http://servat.unibe.ch/icl/it00000_.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Yet their financial autonomy is quite modest: they keep just 20% of all levied taxes, mostly used to finance the region-based healthcare system.<ref name="Rai">Report RAI – Le regioni a statuto speciale (Italian), retrieved 21 January 2009 [http://www.report.rai.it/R2_popup_articolofoglia/0,7246,243%255E90034,00.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090322060916/http://www.report.rai.it/R2_popup_articolofoglia/0,7246,243%5E90034,00.html|date=22 March 2009}}, [http://www.report.rai.it/R2_popup_articolofoglia/0,7246,243%255E90114,00.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006150409/http://www.report.rai.it/R2_popup_articolofoglia/0,7246,243%255E90034,00.html|date=6 October 2008}}</ref>

===Autonomous regions with special statute=== Article 116 of the Italian Constitution grants home rule to five regions: the Aosta Valley, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Sardinia, Sicily, and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, allowing them some legislative, administrative and financial power to a varying extent, depending on their specific statute. These regions became autonomous in order to take into account cultural differences and protect linguistic minorities. Moreover, the government wanted to prevent them from potentially seceding or being taken away from Italy after its defeat in World War II.<ref name="Prof. Dr. Hiroko Kudo">Hiroko Kudo, "Autonomy and Managerial Innovation in Italian Regions after Constitutional Reform", Chuo University, Faculty of Law and Graduate School of Public Policy (2008): p. 1. Retrieved on 6 April 2012 from http://www.med-eu.org/proceedings/MED1/Kudo.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117024056/http://www.med-eu.org/proceedings/MED1/Kudo.pdf |date=17 November 2015 }}.</ref>

==Representation in the Senate== thumb|Number of senators assigned to each Region before 2020 Article 57 of the Constitution of Italy originally established that the Senate of the Republic was to be elected on a regional basis by Italian citizens aged 25 or older (unlike the Chamber of the Deputies, which was elected on a national basis and by all Italian citizens aged 18 or older). No region could have fewer than 7 senators, except for the two smallest regions: Aosta Valley (1 senator) and Molise (2 senators). From 2006 to 2020, 6 out of 315 senators (and 12 out of 630 deputies) were elected by Italians residing abroad.{{Citation needed|date=May 2026}}

After two constitutional amendments were passed respectively in 2020 (by constitutional referendum) and 2021, however, there have been changes. The Senate is still elected on a regional basis, but the number of senators was reduced from 315 to 200, who are now elected by all citizens aged 18 or older, just like deputies (themselves being reduced from 630 to 400). Italians residing abroad now elect 4 senators (and 8 deputies).{{Citation needed|date=May 2026}}

The remaining 196 senators are assigned to each region proportionally according to their population. The amended Article 57 of the Constitution provides that no region can have fewer than 3 senators representing it, barring Aosta Valley and Molise, which retained 1 and 2 senators respectively.{{Citation needed|date=May 2026}}

{| class=wikitable style=text-align:left |- !Region !Seats !Region !Seats !Region !Seats |- | {{flag|Abruzzo}} | align=right|4 | {{flag|Friuli-Venezia Giulia}} | align=right|4 | {{flag|Sardinia}} | align=right|5 |- | {{flag|Aosta Valley}} | align=right|1 | {{flag|Lazio}} | align=right|18 | {{flag|Sicily}} | align=right|16 |- | {{flag|Apulia}} | align=right|13 | {{flag|Liguria}} | align=right|5 | {{flag|Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol}} | align=right|6 |- | {{flag|Basilicata}} | align=right|3 | {{flag|Lombardy}} | align=right|31 | {{flag|Tuscany}} | align=right|12 |- | {{flag|Calabria}} | align=right|6 | {{flag|Marche}} | align=right|5 | {{flag|Umbria}} | align=right|3 |- | {{flag|Campania}} | align=right|18 | {{flag|Molise}} | align=right|2 | {{flag|Veneto}} | align=right|16 |- | {{flag|Emilia-Romagna}} | align=right|14 | {{flag|Piedmont}} | align=right|14 | Overseas constituencies | align=right|4 |}

==Economy of regions and macroregions== thumb|GDP per capita 2018, EUR {| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="60%" style="font-size:100%" ! width="3%" | Flag ! width="13%" | Name ! width="11%" | GDP 2018,<br>million EUR<ref name="GDP per capita in the EU in 2011">{{cite web|url=http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_PUBLIC/1-27022014-AP/EN/1-27022014-AP-EN.PDF|title=GDP per capita in the EU in 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140307224543/http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_PUBLIC/1-27022014-AP/EN/1-27022014-AP-EN.PDF|archive-date=7 March 2014}}</ref> ! width="11%" | GDP per capita 2018,<br>EUR<ref name="GDP per capita in the EU in 2011"/> ! width="11%" | GDP 2011,<br>million PPS<ref name="GDP per capita in the EU in 2011"/> ! width="11%" | GDP per capita 2011,<br>PPS<ref name="GDP per capita in the EU in 2011"/> |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Abruzzo | align=right|33,900 | align=right|25,800 | align=right|29,438 | align=right|21,900 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Aosta Valley | align=right bgcolor=#FFDDDD|4,900 | align=right|38,900 | align=right bgcolor=#FFDDDD|4,236 | align=right|33,000 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Apulia | align=right|76,600 | align=right|19,000 | align=right|68,496 | align=right|16,700 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Basilicata | align=right|12,600 | align=right|22,200 | align=right|10,517 | align=right|17,900 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Calabria | align=right|33,300 | align=right bgcolor=#FFDDDD|17,000 | align=right|32,357 | align=right|16,100 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Campania | align=right|108,000 | align=right|18,600 | align=right|91,658 | align=right bgcolor=#FFDDDD|15,700 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Emilia-Romagna | align=right|161,000 | align=right|36,200 | align=right|139,597 | align=right|31,400 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Friuli-Venezia Giulia | align=right|38,000 | align=right|31,200 | align=right|35,855 | align=right|29,000 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Lazio | align=right|198,000 | align=right|33,600 | align=right|168,609 | align=right|29,300 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Liguria | align=right|49,900 | align=right|32,100 | align=right|43,069 | align=right|26,700 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Lombardy | align=right bgcolor=#BBFFDD|388,800 | align=right|38,600 | align=right bgcolor=#BBFFDD|330,042 | align=right|33,200 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Marche | align=right|43,200 | align=right|28,300 | align=right|40,014 | align=right|25,500 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Molise | align=right|6,500 | align=right|20,900 | align=right|6,278 | align=right|19,700 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Piedmont | align=right|137,000 | align=right|31,500 | align=right|123,336 | align=right|27,600 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Sardinia | align=right|34,900 | align=right|21,200 | align=right|32,377 | align=right|19,300 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Sicily | align=right|89,200 | align=right|17,800 | align=right|82,183 | align=right|16,300 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol | align=right|41,700 | align=right bgcolor=#BBFFDD|39,200 | align=right|35,041 | align=right bgcolor=#BBFFDD|33,700 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Tuscany | align=right|118,000 | align=right|31,500 | align=right|103,775 | align=right|27,600 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Umbria | align=right|22,500 | align=right|25,400 | align=right|21,078 | align=right|23,200 |- | align=center|40px|border | align=center|Veneto | align=right|163,000 | align=right|33,200 | align=right|146,369 | align=right|29,600 |- |-class="sortbottom" |}

{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="60%" style="font-size:100%" ! width="3%" | Code ! width="13%" | Name ! width="11%" | GDP 2011,<br>million EUR<ref name="GDP per capita in the EU in 2011"/> ! width="11%" | GDP per capita 2011,<br>EUR<ref name="GDP per capita in the EU in 2011"/> ! width="11%" | GDP 2011,<br>million PPS<ref name="GDP per capita in the EU in 2011"/> ! width="11%" | GDP per capita 2011,<br>PPS<ref name="GDP per capita in the EU in 2011"/> |- | align=center|ITE | align=center|'''Centre''' | align=right|340,669 | align=right|28,400 | align=right|333,475 | align=right|27,800 |- | align=center|ITC | align=center|'''North-West''' | align=right bgcolor=#BBFFDD|511,484 | align=right bgcolor=#BBFFDD|31,700 | align=right bgcolor=#BBFFDD|500,683 | align=right bgcolor=#BBFFDD|31,000 |- | align=center|ITD | align=center|'''North-East''' | align=right|364,560 | align=right|31,200 | align=right|356,862 | align=right|30,600 |- | align=center|ITF | align=center|'''South''' | align=right|243,895 | align=right bgcolor=#FFDDDD|17,200 | align=right|238,744 | align=right bgcolor=#FFDDDD|16,800 |- | align=center|ITG | align=center|'''Islands''' | align=right bgcolor=#FFDDDD|117,031 | align=right|17,400 | align=right bgcolor=#FFDDDD|114,560 | align=right|17,000 |- | align=center|- | align=center|'''''Extra-regio''''' | align=right|''2,771'' | align=right|– | align=right|''2,712'' | align=right|– |- |-class="sortbottom" |}

==See also== {{portal|Politics|Italy}} * Italian NUTS level 1 regions * Regional council (Italy) * List of current presidents of regions of Italy * List of Italian regions by GDP * List of Italian regions by GRP per capita * List of Italian regions by Human Development Index * Flags of regions of Italy * ISO 3166-2:IT

===Other administrative divisions=== * Provinces of Italy * Metropolitan cities of Italy * Municipalities of Italy

==References==

{{Reflist}}

==External links== {{Commons}} * [http://citymayors.com/government/italy_government.html CityMayors article] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070706022759/http://www.italia.gov.it/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=e-Italia%2FStructure&pagetype=jsp&jspName=e-Italia%2Flivello2%2FtuaRegione&canale=1147178175822 Regional Governments of Italy on Italia.gov.it] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060202045836/http://www.governo.it/Istituzioni/index.html Regional Governments of Italy on Governo.it]

{{Regions of Italy}} {{Europe topic|Regions of|IE=Regions of Ireland (disambiguation)}} {{Italy topics}} {{Articles on first-level administrative divisions of European countries}} {{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Regions Of Italy}} Category:Regions of Italy Category:Subdivisions of Italy Category:Ranked lists of country subdivisions Category:Lists of subdivisions of Italy Italy 1 Regions, Italy