{{short description|German botanist (1815–1892)}} {{Infobox scientist |name = Eduard August von Regel |image = Регель Эдуард Людвигович.jpg |image_size = 200px |caption = Regel as the Director of the Imperial Botanical Garden of St. Petersburg |birth_date = {{birth date|1815|08|13|df=y}} |birth_place = Gotha, Saxe-Coburg and Gotha |death_date = {{death date and age|1892|04|15|1815|08|13|df=y}} |death_place = St. Petersburg, Russia |occupation = Botanist, Director of the Russian Imperial Botanical Garden of St. Petersburg. |author_abbrev_bot = '''Regel''' }}
'''Eduard August von Regel''' (also spelled '''Edward von Regel''', '''Edward de Regel''' or '''Édouard von Regel'''; {{langx|ru|Эдуард Август Фон Регель}}; 13 August 1815 – 15 April 1892) was a German horticulturalist and botanist. He ended his career serving as the Director of the Russian Imperial Botanical Garden of St. Petersburg.<ref>[http://www.paeon.de/navigation/lit_r1.html Die Vegetation der Erde.] By Engler and Drude 1899 on Carsten Burkhardt's Web Project Paeonia - The Peony Library.</ref> As a result of naturalists and explorers sending back biological collections, Regel was able to describe and name many previously unknown species from frontiers around the world.
==History== thumb|left Regel was the son of the teacher and garrison-preacher Ludwig A. Regel. Already as a child he liked growing fruits and learnt to prune apple trees from a gardener of his grandfather Döring and cultivated the garden of his parents. He visited the Gymnasium at Gotha but left without Abitur.<ref>Josef Armin Knapp 1892, Geheimrath Dr. Eduard August v. Regel. Nachruf, gehalten in der Monatsversammlung am 1. Juni 1892. http://www.landesmuseum.at/pdf_frei_remote/VZBG_42_0260-0304.pdf</ref> Regel earned a degree from the University of Bonn.
At 15, Regel began his career as an apprentice at the Royal Garden Limonaia in Gotha in 1830-1833 and in spring 1833 went as an adjunct to the botanical garden in Göttingen. He then worked in the botanical gardens in Bonn (1837-1839) and Berlin (1839-1842). In 1842 he moved to Switzerland to become the head of the Old Botanical Garden, Zürich. During this time he also worked as a lecturer of science. In 1852 he founded the magazine ''Gartenflora'' (Garden Flora), in which he described many new species.
In 1855 Regel moved to St. Petersburg, Russia, where he initially worked as a research director and later as senior botanist at the Imperial Botanical Garden. From 1875 until his death he served as the director of the Imperial Botanical Garden. While there, he oversaw the creation of some of the gardens (e.g. the Admiralty garden) and the facility laboratory. He was a founder and vice-president of the Russian Gardening Society and a number of academic journals.<ref name=spency /> In 1875, he became an associate member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Volume 111 of ''Curtis's Botanical Magazine'' is dedicated to him.
Regel died in St. Petersburg in 1892 and was buried at the Smolenskoe Lutheran Cemetery.
==Plants named by him== Regel described and named over 3000 plant species.<ref>[http://www.ipni.org/ipni/advPlantNameSearch.do?find_includePublicationAuthors=on&find_includePublicationAuthors=off&find_includeBasionymAuthors=on&find_includeBasionymAuthors=off&find_rankToReturn=all&output_format=normal&find_authorAbbrev=Regel IPNI Query results for Regel]. International Plant Names Index.</ref> Many of the plants he named were from the Russian Far East and Asia as Russian Geographical Society expeditions where active in this area during his tenure at the Imperial Botanical Gardens in St. Petersburg. {{botanist|Regel|border=0|inline=1}}
==Plants named for him== In 1843, J. C. Schauer named the genus ''Regelia'' in honor of Regel.<ref>{{FloraBase|name=''Regelia Schauer''|id = 21844}}</ref> It is a group of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae which are endemic to the southwest Australia. In 1854, Planchon named the cestrum species ''Cestrum regelii'' after him, Robert Lynch in 1904 a subsection of ''Iris''<ref>{{cite web|title=The book of the iris, by R. Irwin Lynch |page=116| url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/57056#page/174/mode/1up |publisher=www.biodiversitylibrary.org| access-date=24 July 2014}}</ref> and ''Iljinia regelii'' <small>(Bunge) Korovin ex Iljin</small> is also named in his honour.<ref>{{cite web |title=''Iljinia regelii'' (Bunge) Korovin ex Iljin {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:165899-1 |website=Plants of the World Online |access-date=4 October 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
==Publications== Regel was an extremely prolific scientist and author. In addition to writing a number of major reference works in botany, he published 3101 articles in academic journals.<ref name=spency>[http://www.encspb.ru/en/article.php?kod=2804008667 Eduard von Regel] in the St. Petersburg Encyclopedia. S. V. Boglachev.</ref>
===Selected publications=== {{refbegin}} * [http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:061:2-31709 Cultur der Pflanzen unserer höheren Gebirge sowie des hohen Nordens], Erlangen 1856 * Allgemeines Gartenbuch (General garden book) 2 Vols., Zurich 1855, 1868 * Monographia Betulacearum (in: Nouveaux Mémoires de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou 13: 59–187, 1861) * Tentamen florae ussuriensis (Tentamen flora of the Ussuri River Region), 1861 * {{cite book|last1=von Regel|first1=Eduard August|author-link=Eduard August von Regel|title=Alliorum adhuc cognitorum monographia|date=1875|publisher=Petropolis|location=St Petersburgh|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/15473#/summary}} * [https://books.google.com/books?id=a-eZVwVXWgwC&q=Eduard+von+Regel Tentamen rosarum monographiae] (Monograph of Roses), 1877 * {{cite journal|last1=Regel|first1=Eduard August von|author-link=Eduard Regel|title=Enumeratio plantarum in regionibus cis- et transiliensibus a CL. seminovio anno 1857 collectarum|journal=Bulletin de la Société impériale des naturalistes de Moscou|date=1868|volume=41|issue=2|pages=378–459|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/210808#page/453/mode/1up|language=la}} * {{cite journal|last1=Regel|first1=Eduard August von|author-link=Eduard Regel|title=Descriptiones Plantarum nonnullarum Horti Imperialis Botanici in statu vivo examinatarum|journal=Trudy Imperatorskago S.-Peterburgskago Botanicheskago Sada (Acta Horti Petropolitani)|date=1887|volume=10|issue=1|pages=363–377|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/54002#page/366/mode/2up|language=la}}{{refend}}
==Associates== *Richard Maack Russian botanist, co-author, naturalist, and Siberian explorer. *Johann Albert von Regel (1845–1908; oldest son) Swiss born Russian Physician, botanist, traveler.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=esMPU5DHEGgC&pg=PA79 CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names] 1964 By Umberto Quattrocchi p. 79.</ref> *Constantin Andreas von Regel (1890–1970; grandson) Russian and Lithuanian horticulturalist and botanist.
==References== {{Reflist|30em}}
==External links== * {{cite Efron|Регель, Эдуард Август}} *[https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/ADB:Regel,_Eduard_August Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie]
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Regel, Eduard August von}} Category:1815 births Category:1892 deaths Category:19th-century botanists from the Russian Empire Category:19th-century German botanists Category:Corresponding members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences Category:German emigrants to the Russian Empire Category:People from Gotha (town) Category:People from Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Category:Privy Councillor (Russian Empire)