{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}} {{Infobox political party | name = Reform and Development Party | native_name = حزب الأصلاح و التنمية | logo = Reform and Development Party EG.png | logo_size = 160px | founder = [[Mohamed Anwar Esmat Sadat]] | chairman = [[Mohamed Anwar Esmat Sadat]] | leader1_title = Vice Chairman | general_secretary = | colorcode = {{party color|Reform and Development Party (Egypt)}} | slogan = | leader = | newspaper = | founded = {{start date and age|2009}} | dissolved = | merged = | headquarters = [[Cairo]] | membership_year = | membership = | position = | ideology = | national = [[Civil Democratic Movement (2017)|Civil Democratic Movement]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/1187/289073/Egypt/-Presidential-Elections--/Eight-liberal-and-leftist-Egyptian-parties-to-boyc.aspx|title=Eight liberal and leftist Egyptian parties to boycott 2018 presidential elections|agency=Ahram Online|date=30 January 2018|access-date=18 December 2025|archive-date=10 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210005928/http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/1187/289073/Egypt/-Presidential-Elections--/Eight-liberal-and-leftist-Egyptian-parties-to-boyc.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref><br/>Democratic Path Alliance<ref name="am29june">{{Cite news|url=https://manassa.news/en/news/25279|title=Nation's Future leads unified list as parties scramble for Senate seats|author=Safaa Essam Eddin|agency=Al Manassa|date=29 June 2025|access-date=20 January 2026}}</ref><br/>[[National Unified List for Egypt]] (since 2020)<ref name="ao23oct">{{cite web|url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/News/555362.aspxx|title=Contenders gear up |publisher=Ahram Online|date=23 October 2025|access-date=18 December 2025|author=Gamal Essam El-Din}}</ref> | international = | colors = Gold | native_name_lang = ar | website = http://www.rdpegypt.org/ | country = Egypt | seats1_title = [[House of Representatives (Egypt)|House of Representatives]] | seats1 = {{Composition bar|11|596}} | seats2_title = [[Senate (Egypt)|Senate]] | seats2 = {{Composition bar|4|300}} }}
The '''Reform and Development Party''' ({{langx|ar|حزب الأصلاح و التنمية|translit=Hizb Al-Islah wa Al-Tanmiyah}}) is a [[political party]] in [[Egypt]].
==History and profile== The Reform and Development Party was founded in 2009<ref name="jad">{{cite news|title=Reform and Development Party|url=http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/3781/reform-and-development-party-misruna|access-date=18 December 2025|work=Jadaliyya|date=26 December 2011|archive-date=6 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006092543/http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/3781/reform-and-development-party-misruna|url-status=live}}</ref> as a split from the [[Democratic Front Party]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Factbox: Political parties, groups in post-Mubarak Egypt|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/world/factbox-political-parties-groups-in-post-mubarak-egypt-idUSTRE7AQ0X1/|access-date=26 January 2026|work=Reuters|date=27 November 2011}}</ref> The founders of the party are [[Mohamed Anwar Esmat Sadat]], the ex-president [[Anwar Sadat]]'s nephew, and the Egyptian billionaire [[Raymond Lakah]].<ref name="egyptelectionswatch">{{Cite news|title=Reform and Development|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/33/104/30395/Elections-/Political-Parties/Reform-and-Development.aspx|work=Egyptian Elections Watch|date=28 December 2011|access-date=18 December 2025|archive-date=13 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213195824/http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/33/104/30395/Elections-/Political-Parties/Reform-and-Development.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref> The initial license application of the party was rejected in July 2010. It was legalized in May 2011, after Egypt's [[25 January Revolution]] in 2011.<ref name="jad"/>
The party participated in the [[2011–12 Egyptian parliamentary election]] and won nine seats in the lower house.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.masrawy.com/infograph/|title=Masrawy|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120123215802/http://www.masrawy.com/infograph/|archive-date=23 January 2012}}</ref>
Although the Reform and Development Party participated in the [[2015 Egyptian parliamentary election|2015 parliamentary elections]], Sadat criticized the election process, which was delayed for seven months, as well as the [[Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt|Supreme Constitutional Court]] being allowed to rule on complaints against election laws.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/137494/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-opposition-forces-will-not-boycott-upcoming.aspx|title=Egypt's opposition forces will not boycott upcoming parliamentary polls|work=Ahram Online|date=10 August 2015|access-date=18 December 2025|archive-date=12 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150812234355/http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/137494/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-opposition-forces-will-not-boycott-upcoming.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref>
It joined the [[Civil Democratic Movement (2017)|Civil Democratic Movement]] when it launched in 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/285401/Egypt/Politics-/--Egyptian-leftist,-liberal-parties-launch-new-Civ.aspx|title=Egyptian leftist, liberal parties launch new Civil Democratic Movement|agency=Ahram Online|date=16 December 2017|access-date=18 December 2025}}</ref>
The party has gradually distanced itself from president [[Abdel Fattah el-Sisi]], and Sadat briefly ran in the [[2018 Egyptian presidential election]], though he withdrew.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jan/15/sadat-nephew-and-sisi-critic-drops-egyptian-presidential-bid|title=Sadat nephew and Sisi critic drops Egyptian presidential bid|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=15 January 2018|access-date=18 December 2025|archive-date=15 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115160536/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/jan/15/sadat-nephew-and-sisi-critic-drops-egyptian-presidential-bid|url-status=live}}</ref> Sadat criticized the pro-Sisi "Alashan Tbneeha" (To Build It) campaign on constitutional grounds for allowing government employees to publicly support the campaign. Supporters of his own campaign, "Benhab al-Sadat" (We Love al-Sadat), have been harassed by the government.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.egyptindependent.com/sadat-criticizes-alashan-tbneeha-petition-for-constitutional-concerns/|title=Sadat criticizes "Alashan Tbneeha" petition for constitutional concerns|date=24 October 2017|publisher=Egypt Independent|access-date=18 December 2025|archive-date=1 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201040634/http://www.egyptindependent.com/sadat-criticizes-alashan-tbneeha-petition-for-constitutional-concerns/|url-status=live}}</ref>
It joined the [[National Unified List for Egypt]] ahead of the [[2020 Egyptian parliamentary election]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Egypt's Mostaqbal Watan Party leads coalition to run in parliamentary elections|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/0/379989/Egypt/0/Egypts-Mostaqbal-Watan-Party-leads-coalition-to-ru.aspx|work=Ahram Online|date=14 September 2020|access-date=29 January 2026}}</ref>
The party joined the Democratic Path Alliance in June 2025, alongside the [[Justice Party (Egypt)|Justice Party]] and the [[Egyptian Social Democratic Party]], ahead of the [[2025 Egyptian Senate election]] and began negotiating joining the [[National Unified List for Egypt]].<ref name="am29june"/> The party confirmed joining the National Unified List in late October when the alliance submitted nomination papers ahead of the [[2025 Egyptian parliamentary election]].<ref name="ao23oct"/> Sadat argued on Saudi-owned [[MBC Masr]] that the party did not possess the finances, or the experienced politicians, to run on its own and also pointed to the lack of a "[[Mixed electoral system|mixed system]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.alestiklal.net/en/article/egypt-s-parliamentary-elections-a-political-banquet-served-by-the-seats-of-power|title=Egypt’s Parliamentary Elections: A Political Banquet Served by the Seats of Power|publisher=Al-Estiklal|access-date=18 December 2025}}</ref> The party won nine elected seats.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/50/1201/560462/AlAhram-Weekly/Egypt/New-parliament-takes-its-seats.aspx|title=New parliament takes its seats|publisher=Ahram Online|date=14 January 2026|access-date=24 January 2026|author=Gamal Essam El-Din}}</ref>
==Electoral history==
===People's Assembly elections=== {| class=wikitable style=text-align:center !Election !Seats !+/– |- |[[2011–12 Egyptian parliamentary election|2011/2012]] |{{Composition bar|9|596|{{party color|Reform and Development Party (Egypt)}}}} |{{increase}} 9 |}
===House of Representatives elections=== {| class=wikitable style=text-align:center !Election !Seats !+/– |- |[[2015 Egyptian parliamentary election|2015]] |{{Composition bar|3|596|{{party color|Reform and Development Party (Egypt)}}}} |{{decrease}} 6 |- |[[2020 Egyptian parliamentary election|2020]] |{{Composition bar|9|596|{{party color|Reform and Development Party (Egypt)}}}} |{{increase}} 3 |- |[[2025 Egyptian parliamentary election|2025]] |{{Composition bar|11|596|{{party color|Reform and Development Party (Egypt)}}}} |{{increase}} 2 |}
===Senate elections=== {| class=wikitable style=text-align:center !Election !Seats !+/– |- |[[2020 Egyptian Senate election|2020]] |{{Composition bar|3|300|{{party color|Reform and Development Party (Egypt)}}}} |{{increase}} 3 |- |[[2025 Egyptian Senate election|2025]] |{{Composition bar|4|300|{{party color|Reform and Development Party (Egypt)}}}} |{{increase}} 1 |}
==References== <references/>
==External links== * [http://www.rdpegypt.org// Official website]
{{Egyptian political parties}}
[[Category:Political parties established in 2009]] [[Category:2009 establishments in Egypt]]
{{Africa-party-stub}}