Red Krayola

{{Short description|American band}} {{Use mdy dates|date=November 2022}} {{Infobox musical artist <!-- See Wikipedia:WikiProject_Musicians --> | name = Red Krayola | image = Red_Krayola_cropped.jpg | caption = Red Krayola at Somerset house in London, July 2008 | image_size = | background = group_or_band | alias = The Red Crayola | origin = Houston, Texas, US | instrument = | genre = {{hlist|Experimental rock|psychedelic rock|post-punk|art punk}} | years_active = 1966–present | label = {{hlist|International Artists|Rough Trade|Recommended|Celluloid|Leiterwagen|Radar|Sordide Sentimental|Drag City}} | website = | current_members = *Mayo Thompson *Tom Watson *Bill Bowman *Connor Gallaher *Raul Morales <ref>{{Cite web |title=News » THE RED KRAYOLA SAIL WITH CAP'N JAZZ {{!}} Drag City |url=https://www.dragcity.com/news/2025-08-20-the-red-krayola-sail-with-cap-n-jazz |access-date=2025-09-03 |website=www.dragcity.com}}</ref> | past_members = *Bonnie Emerson *Danny Schacht *Frederick Barthelme *Steve Cunningham *Tommy Smith *Jesse Chamberlain *Lora Logic *Allen Ravenstine *David Thomas *Markus Oehlen *Epic Soundtracks *Gina Birch *David Grubbs *John McEntire *Jim O'Rourke *Stephen Prina *George Hurley *Elisa Randazzo *Sandy Yang *Christopher Williams *Lynn Johnston *Mary Lass Stewart *Werner Büttner *Hei Han Khiang *Bobby Henschen *Michael Baldwin *Tony Maimone *Tom Herman *Scott Kraus *Ben Annesley *Chris Taylor *Chris White *Andreas Dorau *Rüdiger Carl *Alex Dower *Tom Rogerson *Charlie Abel *Noel Kupersmith *Dick Cuthell *Albert Oehlen }} '''Red Krayola''' (originally '''Red Crayola''') is an American experimental rock band from Houston, Texas formed in 1966 by the trio of singer/guitarist Mayo Thompson, drummer Frederick Barthelme, and bassist Steve Cunningham.<ref name="Larkin">{{cite book|title=The Virgin Encyclopedia of Popular Music|editor=Colin Larkin|editor-link=Colin Larkin (writer)|publisher=Virgin Books|date=1997|edition=Concise|isbn=1-85227-745-9|page=1000|title-link=Encyclopedia of Popular Music}}</ref>

The group were part of the 1960s Texas psychedelic music scene and were signed to independent record label International Artists, subsequently becoming labelmates with the 13th Floor Elevators.<ref>{{cite book |last=Reynolds |first=Simon |title=Rip It Up and Start Again: Postpunk 1978-1984 |date=2005 |publisher=Penguin Group|page=192|isbn=0-14-303672-6}}</ref><ref name="allmusic">{{Cite web|last=Unterberger|first=Richie|title=The Red Krayola|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/the-red-krayola-mn0000417607/biography|work=AllMusic|access-date=April 16, 2020}}</ref> Their confrontational, experimental approach employed noise and free improvisation.<ref name="allmusic"/> They released two albums in their early incarnation—''The Parable of Arable Land'' (1967) and ''God Bless the Red Krayola and All Who Sail With It'' (1968)—to limited sales.

The band was resurrected in the late 1970s when Thompson discovered the Red Krayola had a cult following among members of England's emerging post-punk scene.<ref name="allmusic"/> Living in England, he developed a close association with Rough Trade Records, releasing new albums as Red Krayola on that label as well as other European labels.<ref name="allmusic"/> In the mid-1990s, Thompson returned to the United States, signing with Drag City and releasing further albums.<ref name="allmusic"/> Thompson has continued using the name, in its legally altered spelling for performances or releases in the US, for his musical projects since.

==History== ===1960s=== The Red Crayola was formed in Houston, Texas, by Mayo Thompson and Frederick Barthelme at the University of St. Thomas in mid-July 1966.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Red Krayola - The Parable of Arable Land/God Bless the Red Krayola & All Who Sail with It Album |website=AllMusic |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-parable-of-arable-land-god-bless-the-red-krayola-all-who-sail-with-it-mw0000549297 |access-date=2023-05-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://warpedrealitymagazine.com/2005/12/bring-me-the-head-of-the-red-krayola.html | title=Bring Me the Head of the Red Krayola|website=Warpedrealitymagazine.com}}</ref> Barthelme said Red Crayola was "a name we took as a sort of parody of the clever California band names of that moment, a name that had come to us while trailing down Main Street in my roofless (courtesy of the sculptor Jim Love) blue Fiat" the name was also a homage to Thompson's mother Hazel's career as an art teacher.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.frederickbarthelme.com/nonfiction/the-red-crayola/|format=PDF|title=The Red Krayola|website=Frederickbarthelme.com|access-date=6 August 2022}}</ref> After going through an array of players, the band settled on Steve Cunningham (who previously collaborated with Malachi on the 'Holy Music' album) as their bassist who in September 1966 joined the band alongside his friend Bonnie Emerson and then later Danny Schact. This was the original lineup of the band: at that point Red Crayola was a cover band playing songs such as "Louie Louie", "The House of the Rising Sun", "Eight Miles High" and a fast version of "Hey Joe". Later, the band got a gig (with the help of Luana Anderson) at Mark Froman's club called Love, their main place to perform. They later garnered notoriety from clubs and venues as they were never booked twice.<ref name=":0" />

Later, the band went from a five-piece to a trio. They also formed a secondary group of shifting membership of about 50 people called "the Familiar Ugly", which consisted of active fans who performed with the band on or near the stage, using unconventional techniques and instruments.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Leach |first1=Jasper |last2=Minor |first2=Joel |date=2016-09-22 |title=FORTUNE, FATES, AND RANDOM CHANCES: The story of Mayo Thompson's Corky's Debt to His Father |url=https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=LitRC&sw=w&issn=00491675&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA562188132&sid=googleScholar&linkaccess=abs |journal=Southwestern American Literature |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=24–53}}</ref>

The band recorded ''The Parable of Arable Land'' which sold around 50,000 copies when it was first released.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://white-rose.net/redcrayola/dc257bio2.pdf|title=The Story So Far of The Red Crayola and The Ref Krayola|website=White-rose.net|access-date=5 June 2022}}</ref> Pitchfork noted "listeners weren't sure whether the racket was the result of sharp intellectualism, sheer incompetence, or buzzed-out substance abuse."<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Red Krayola: Introduction |url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/9107-introduction/ |access-date=2023-05-01 |website=Pitchfork}}</ref> A retrospective review branded the Crayola's "stripped down simplicity and caustic lyrics" as a rarely acknowledged precursor to punk.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Young |first=Rob |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DtunaUIgxsEC&pg=PA53 |title=Rough Trade |date=2006 |page=53 |publisher=Black Dog Publishing |isbn=978-1-904772-47-7}}</ref>

After the original pressing for ''The Parable of Arable Land'' sold out, promoters were attracted to the band and they were invited to perform in the Berkeley Folk Music Festival where instead of playing songs that they had written before, they generated feedback and drones via a guitar amp. The noise was so severe that band was accused of killing a dog due to sheer volume.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2009-11-11 |title=How a dead parakeet changed the course of rock |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-krayola-thompson-idUKTRE5AA19H20091111 |access-date=2023-10-25}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sinclair |first=Sara |date=2015 |title=The Reminiscences of Mayo Thompson |url=https://www.rauschenbergfoundation.org/sites/default/files/ThompsonMayo_FINAL.pdf}}</ref>

In a 1978 interview, producer Lelan Rogers mentions that the reason the band never released a single was due in part to the controversy surrounding the sentimental lyrics in "War Sucks". Because of this, the album received little to no airplay as most radio stations refused to play the record. In the 2007 book "Eye Mind: Roky Erickson and the 13th Floor Elevators" author Paul Drummond mentions that the Red Crayola had recorded a session in February 1967 for "Dairymaid's Lament" backed with "Free Piece" to be released as a single, they were both songs that would later appear on their sophomore album, the session was produced by Bob Steffek who had a hit on Shazam Records with "Wild Woody"; however, the single was never released.<ref>{{Cite book |last=International Artists |url=http://archive.org/details/howdy-from-texas |title=Howdy From Texas The Lone Star State |date=1978-10-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Buy This Issue {{!}} Tape Op #16 {{!}} Tape Op Magazine {{!}} Longform candid interviews with music producers and audio engineers covering mixing, mastering, recording and music production. |url=https://tapeop.com/issues/16/buy/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=tapeop.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Eye Mind: Roky Erickson and the 13th Floor Elevators - Paul Drummond: 9780976082262 |url=https://www.abebooks.co.uk/9780976082262/Eye-Mind-Roky-Erickson-13th-0976082268/plp |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Abebooks}}</ref>

The album ''Coconut Hotel'' was recorded in 1967 but rejected by International Artists for its lack of commercial potential. It departed completely from the full-sounding guitar/bass/drums/vocals rock sound of Red Crayola's first album. The album was not released until 1995. During this period, the band performed concerts in Berkeley, California, and Los Angeles where their music resembled that of ''Coconut Hotel'' more than any of their other albums. These performances are captured on ''Live 1967''. Red Crayola also performed with guitarist John Fahey and recorded a studio album of music in collaboration with him, but International Artists demanded possession of the tapes, they were then subsequently lost.

The band's second album to see release was 1968's ''God Bless the Red Krayola and All Who Sail With It'' which employed new drummer Tommy Smith. Around this time, the band received a cease and desist letter from Binney & Smith, the company which manufactured Crayola crayons, which resulted in the band changing the spelling of their name to Red Krayola.<ref name="Larkin"/> The album was not as well received as the band's first release as it sold only around 6,000 copies and was dismissed by most critics, so the group disbanded.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=LitRC&sw=w&issn=00491675&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA562188132&sid=googleScholar&linkaccess=abs|title=FORTUNE, FATES, AND RANDOM CHANCES: The story of Mayo Thompson's Corky's Debt to His Father|first1=Jasper|last1=Leach|first2=Joel|last2=Minor|date=September 22, 2016|journal=Southwestern American Literature|volume=42|issue=1|pages=24–53|access-date=May 31, 2023|via=Go.gale.com}}</ref> Studio demos by the original Red Crayola were released on the 1980 compilation of International Artists rarities: ''Epitaph for a Legend''. Mark Deming of AllMusic wrote that the album "bears precious little resemblance to anything else that appeared at the time; it would take a few decades of post-punk experimentalism before Mayo Thompson's vision would have a truly suitable context".<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Red Krayola - God Bless the Red Krayola and All Who Sail with It Album Reviews, Songs & More |website=AllMusic |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/god-bless-the-red-krayola-and-all-who-sail-with-it-mw0000115045 |access-date=2023-04-28}}</ref> The album garnered a few fans such as Greek composer Manos Hatzidakis<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-31 |title=O Μάνος Χατζιδάκις και η αμερικανική ψυχεδελική σκηνή των '60s {{!}} LiFO |url=https://www.lifo.gr/culture/music/o-manos-hatzidakis-kai-i-amerikaniki-psyhedeliki-skini-ton-60s |access-date=2023-04-23 |website=Lifo.gr |language=el}}</ref> and Joseph Byrd<ref>{{Cite web |title=Joseph Byrd interview |url=https://www.cloudsandclocks.net/interviews/Byrd_interview.html |access-date=2023-05-02 |website=Cloudsandclocks.net}}</ref> of the United States of America.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Breznikar |first=Klemen |date=2013-02-09 |title=The United States Of America {{!}} Joseph Byrd {{!}} Interview |url=https://www.psychedelicbabymag.com/2013/02/joseph-byrd-interview.html |access-date=2023-05-02 |website=It's Psychedelic Baby Magazine}}</ref>

Barthelme later said, "In short, the Red Crayola was both a mockery of the California bands and the hippie culture, and an alternative to it, though of course, being as the audience was made up of hippies, nobody really noticed, and that was okay, too, because all we wanted to do was play the crack-ball stuff, be heard, attack whatever conventions were around, and have a good time doing it."<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.frederickbarthelme.com/nonfiction/the-red-crayola/ | title=The Red Krayola |website=Frederickbarthelme.com }}</ref>

===1970s–1980s=== In 1970, Thompson and Barthelme formed a short-lived Houston band called Saddlesore with Cassell Webb; the trio released one single on the short-lived label Texas Revolution with "Old Tom Clark" on the A-side and "Pig Ankle Strut" on the B-side. (These songs would later be included on a Red Krayola compilation album released in 2004). Shortly after, the band split up and Thompson left the music business and pursued other projects until 1973 when he moved to England and joined conceptual art collective Art & Language.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cDe9ck7Vgv8|title=Red Crayola (Saddlesore) - Old Tom Clark & Pig Ankle Strut (Single - 1970)|access-date=16 July 2022|via=YouTube}}</ref> Upon their return in the late 70s, English post-punk group Gang of Four invited them to open for them due to the band liking their music as well as their shared left-wing political beliefs.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mayo Thompson Interview Part 2 |url=http://www.richieunterberger.com/mayo2.html |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Richieunterberger.com}}</ref>

Thompson continued to make music, both under his own name and as the Red Crayola (reverting to the original spelling in Europe). The next incarnation of the group was a duo: Thompson and American drummer Jesse Chamberlain. The two recorded the single "Wives in Orbit" and the album ''Soldier Talk'', with the latter featuring cameos by Lora Logic and members of Pere Ubu,<ref name="Buckley Buckley Furmanovsky Rough Guides (Firm) 2003 p.">{{cite book | last1=Buckley | first1=P. | last2=Buckley | first2=J. | last3=Furmanovsky | first3=J. | author4=Rough Guides (Firm) | title=The Rough Guide to Rock | publisher=Rough Guides | series=Music reference series | year=2003 | isbn=978-1-85828-457-6 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fie47qSuTsoC | access-date=2021-05-08 | page=}}</ref> both of which could be seen as musical responses to punk rock.<ref name="Larkin"/> Radar Records reissued ''Parable of Arable Land'' in 1978 in the UK, accompanied by a flexi-disc, on which was an up-tempo version of Hurricane Fighter Plane recorded in July 1978, with an apparent punk rock influence as well.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://shelf3d.com/ImGOnuDHRSI#The%20Red%20Crayola%20-%20Hurricane%20Fighter%20Plane%20%5B1978|title=The Red Crayola - Hurricane Fighter Plane [1978]|website=Shelf3d.com|access-date=6 June 2016}}</ref> His collaborations in the 1970s and 1980s read like a roll-call of the avant-garde and experimental artists and musicians of the era. Red Crayola teamed up with Art & Language in 1973,<ref>John Walker. (1987). [http://www.artdesigncafe.com/Art-Language-Red-Crayola-Walker-1987 "Art-Language & Red Crayola"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921054211/http://www.artdesigncafe.com/Art-Language-Red-Crayola-Walker-1987 |date=2013-09-21 }}. In ''Cross-Overs: Art into Pop, Pop into Art''. London/New York: Comedia/Methuen, 1987. artdesigncafe. Retrieved 07 January 2011.</ref> who Thompson described as "the baddest bastards on the block",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dustedmagazine.com/reviews/5469 |title=Dusted Reviews: The Red Krayola with Art & Language - Five American Portraits |publisher=Dustedmagazine.com |date=2010-01-20 |access-date=2012-04-01}}</ref> for three LPs: 1976's ''Corrected Slogans'', 1981's ''Kangaroo?'' (also featuring the Raincoats' Gina Birch, Lora Logic of Essential Logic and Swell Maps' Epic Soundtracks) and 1983's ''Black Snakes''.<ref name="Larkin"/> Thompson joined Pere Ubu for a period in the early 1980s, performing on their albums ''The Art of Walking'' and ''Song of the Bailing Man'', and provided soundtrack music for Derek Jarman. Throughout this time he worked with Geoff Travis, the founder of Rough Trade Records, as a producer for many other seminal experimental and alternative rock acts, including the Fall (1980's ''Grotesque (After the Gramme)''), the Raincoats, Scritti Politti, Blue Orchids, Cabaret Voltaire, Stiff Little Fingers, Kleenex/LiLiPUT, the Chills, the Monochrome Set and Primal Scream.

===1990s–present=== The 1990s found Red Krayola with a new audience, who came to the group via musicians associated with Chicago's post-rock scene and in particular the Drag City label, who had joined the band's ever-shifting line-up for a number of releases including the LPs ''The Red Krayola'' (1994), ''Hazel'' (1996), and ''Fingerpainting'' (1999). These were, among others, Jim O'Rourke and David Grubbs of Gastr del Sol, the post-conceptual visual artist Stephen Prina, German painter Albert Oehlen, George Hurley (formerly of Minutemen and Firehose), Tom Watson of Slovenly, Sandy Yang, Elisa Randazzo and John McEntire of Tortoise. In 2006, the group issued an album, ''Introduction'', and an EP, ''Red Gold''.

In 1995, Drag City re-released 1967's ''Coconut Hotel'', and in 1998 issued ''The Red Krayola Live 1967'' with material from the Angry Arts Festival and Berkeley Folk Music Festival including their live collaboration with John Fahey.

The Red Krayola have influenced a number of seminal alternative rock artists such as MGMT,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nme.com/list/100-lost-albums-you-need-to-know-1337 | title=100 cult albums to hear before you die, chosen by your favourite rockstars | website=NME | date=30 August 2018 }}</ref> Osees,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.terminal-boredom.com/larsvsohsees.html|title=Terminal Boredom - You Will See This Dog Before You Die|website=Terminal-boredom.com}}</ref> Ty Segall,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-06-16 |title=Ty Segall's Corrected View of California |url=https://www.interviewmagazine.com/music/ty-segall-goodbye-bread |access-date=2023-12-25 |website=Interview Magazine}}</ref> Primal Scream,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Petridis |first=Alexis |date=2021-10-15 |title=Tenement Kid by Bobby Gillespie – piquantly preposterous |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2021/oct/15/tenement-kid-by-bobby-gillespie-piquantly-preposterous |access-date=2023-04-22 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> and Animal Collective.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Klingman |first=Jeff |date=2016-02-08 |title=Another First Impression: Talking with Animal Collective about Their New Album |url=https://www.bkmag.com/2016/02/08/another-first-impression-talking-with-animal-collective-about-their-new-album/ |access-date=2023-05-06 |website=Brooklyn Magazine}}</ref> Galaxie 500, Spacemen 3 and the Cramps covered their songs.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Eric T. |date=2006-06-02 |title=The Red Krayola: Outside The Lines |url=https://magnetmagazine.com/2006/06/02/the-red-krayola-outside-the-lines/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Magnet Magazine}}</ref>

In 2007, Drag City released ''Sighs Trapped by Liars'', another collaboration of Red Krayola with Art & Language, followed in 2010 with another, ''Five American Portraits'', which consists of musical portraits of Wile E. Coyote, President George W Bush, President Jimmy Carter, John Wayne, and Ad Reinhardt, with vocals by Gina Birch. In 2016 came ''Baby and Child Care'', recorded in 1984.

In 2025, The Red Krayola announced a new lineup and their first live performance in over a decade at the Hollywood Palladium in Los Angeles, supporting Cap'n Jazz on November, 21.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sacher |first=Andrew |title=Cap'n Jazz announce LA show with Red Krayola reunion, Rainer Maria, & Ceremony guitarist |url=https://www.brooklynvegan.com/capn-jazz-announce-la-show-with-red-krayola-reunion-rainer-maria-ceremony-guitarist/ |access-date=2025-09-03 |website=BrooklynVegan |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Influences ==

Founder Mayo Thompson drew inspiration from a wide range of sources, including modernist composition, jazz improvisation, and the free-form ethos of artists such as John Cage, Karlheinz Stockhausen, and Albert Ayler.<ref>{{cite web |last=Unterberger |first=Richie |title=Interview with Mayo Thompson |url=https://www.richieunterberger.com/mayo.html |website=RichieUnterberger.com |access-date=29 October 2025}}</ref> In the same interview, Thompson acknowledged that mainstream figures like The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, and Bob Dylan were “very influential” in shaping his thinking about sound and song structure.<ref>{{cite web |last=Unterberger |first=Richie |title=Mayo Thompson Interview, Part 1 |url=https://www.richieunterberger.com/mayo.html |access-date=29 October 2025}}</ref> Later incarnations of the band incorporated elements of minimalism, conceptual art, and post-punk through collaborations with members of Art & Language, Pere Ubu, and The Raincoats, reflecting Thompson’s ongoing interest in avant-garde aesthetics and critical theory.<ref>{{cite web |last=McGonigal |first=Mike |title=Red Krayola with Art & Language |url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/6821-red-krayola-with-art-and-language/ |website=Pitchfork |access-date=29 October 2025}}</ref> The Red Krayola have influenced a number of seminal alternative rock artists such as MGMT,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nme.com/list/100-lost-albums-you-need-to-know-1337 | title=100 cult albums to hear before you die, chosen by your favourite rockstars | website=NME | date=30 August 2018 }}</ref> Osees,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.terminal-boredom.com/larsvsohsees.html|title=Terminal Boredom - You Will See This Dog Before You Die|website=Terminal-boredom.com}}</ref> Ty Segall,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-06-16 |title=Ty Segall's Corrected View of California |url=https://www.interviewmagazine.com/music/ty-segall-goodbye-bread |access-date=2023-12-25 |website=Interview Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> Primal Scream,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Petridis |first=Alexis |date=2021-10-15 |title=Tenement Kid by Bobby Gillespie – piquantly preposterous |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2021/oct/15/tenement-kid-by-bobby-gillespie-piquantly-preposterous |access-date=2023-04-22 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> and Animal Collective.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Klingman |first=Jeff |date=2016-02-08 |title=Another First Impression: Talking with Animal Collective about Their New Album |url=https://www.bkmag.com/2016/02/08/another-first-impression-talking-with-animal-collective-about-their-new-album/ |access-date=2023-05-06 |website=Brooklyn Magazine}}</ref> Galaxie 500, Spacemen 3 and the Cramps covered their songs.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miller |first=Eric T. |date=2006-06-02 |title=The Red Krayola: Outside The Lines |url=https://magnetmagazine.com/2006/06/02/the-red-krayola-outside-the-lines/ |access-date=2023-04-21 |website=Magnet Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Discography== {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} ===Studio albums=== * ''The Parable of Arable Land'' (1967) * ''God Bless the Red Krayola and All Who Sail With It'' (1968) * ''Soldier-Talk'' (1979) * ''Three Songs on a Trip to the United States'' (1983) * ''Malefactor, Ade'' (1989) * ''The Red Krayola'' (1994) * ''Coconut Hotel'' (1995, recorded 1967) * ''Hazel'' (1996) * ''Fingerpainting'' (1999) * ''Introduction'' (2006)

===with Art & Language=== * ''Corrected Slogans'' (1976) * ''Kangaroo?'' (1981) * ''Black Snakes'' (1983) * ''Sighs Trapped by Liars'' (2007) * ''Five American Portraits'' (2010) * ''Baby and Child Care'' (2016, recorded 1984)

===Compilation and remix albums=== * ''Deliverance'' (1996) * ''Singles'' (2004) * ''Hurricane Fighter Plane'' (2006) * ''Fingerpointing'' (2008)

===Live albums=== * ''Live 1967'' (1998) * ''Live in Paris 13/12/1978'' (1998)

===Soundtracks=== * ''Japan in Paris in L.A.'' (2004)

{{col-2}} ===Extended plays=== * ''Amor and Language'' (1995) * ''Blues, Hollers and Hellos'' (2000) * ''Red Gold'' (2006)

===Singles=== * "Hurricane Fighter Plane / Reverberation" (1978) * "Wives in Orbit / Yik-Yak" (1978) * "Micro-Chips and Fish" (1979) * "Born in Flames / The Sword of God" (1980) * "An Old Man's Dream / The Milkmaid" (1981) * "Rattenmensch: Gewichtswächter / Zukunftsflieger" (1981) * "The Red Crayola on Forty-Five" (1993) * "4Teen / Stink Program" (1994) * "Chemistry / Farewell to Arms" (1996) * "Father Abraham" (1998) * "Come On Down" (1999) * "Stil de Grain Brun" (2002) * "Greasy Street" (2010) {{col-end}}

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== {{commons category}} *[http://www.discogs.com/artist/Red+Krayola The Red Krayola on Discogs] *{{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p26890|label=The Red Krayola}} *[https://white-rose.net/redcrayola/ Thorough discography] *[https://www.dragcity.com/artists/the-red-krayola The Red Krayola on Drag City] *[https://www.newyorknighttrain.com/zine/liverecs/200608/0802.html Piece Red Krayola's importance] from NewYorkNightTrain.com

{{Red Krayola}}{{Art & Language}}{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Red Krayola, The}} Category:Drag City (record label) artists Category:Musical groups established in 1966 Category:Musical groups from Houston Category:Psychedelic rock music groups from Texas Category:American outsider musicians Category:American protopunk groups Category:Radar Records artists Category:Rough Trade Records artists Category:1966 establishments in Texas Category:American experimental rock groups Category:Glass Records artists