Rebutiinae

{{Short description|Tribe of cacti}} {{automatic taxobox |image = Browningia_candelaris.jpg |image_caption = ''[[Browningia candelaris]]'' |taxon = Rebutiinae |authority =Donald (1955) |subdivision_ranks = Genera |subdivision = See text |type_genus = ''[[Rebutia]]'' |synonyms =''Browningieae'' {{small|[[Buxb.]] 1966}} }}

The '''Rebutiinae''' are a subtribe of [[cactus|cacti]] belonging to the subfamily [[Cactoideae]], tribe [[Cereeae]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mauseth |first=James D. |date=1996-09-15 |title=Comparative Anatomy of Tribes Cereeae and Browningieae (Cactaceae) |url=http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.25223/brad.n14.1996.a9 |journal=Bradleya |language=en |volume=14 |issue=14 |pages=66–81 |doi=10.25223/brad.n14.1996.a9 |s2cid=90113731 |issn=0265-086X|url-access=subscription }}</ref> A 2010 classification accepted seven or eight genera, but when [[Circumscription (taxonomy)|circumscribed]] in this way, the subtribe was not [[Monophyly|monophyletic]]. A 2023 classification reduced Rebutiinae to three genera.

==Description== Rebutiinae are large tree-like or shrubby plants. Their columnar shoots are articulated or not articulated. The ribs are usually heavily spined. The medium to large flowers appearing on the side usually open at night. Their pericarpel has imbricated scales. The areoles have thorns or bristles. The fleshy fruits are not bursting, scaly, thorned or glabrous. The medium-sized to large seeds are often wrinkled. The hilum and micropyle of the seeds are fused, an appendage is absent, and a mucous sheath is sometimes present.

==Taxonomy== In a 2010 classification of the tribe [[Cereeae]], the subtribe Rebutiinae comprised seven or eight genera, depending on whether ''[[Aylostera]]'' was recognized as separate from ''[[Rebutia]]''. It was accepted that with this [[Circumscription (taxonomy)|circumscription]] the subtribe was not [[Monophyly|monophyletic]].<ref name=NyffEggl10/><ref name=FantSoffCalv21/> A 2023 [[Molecular phylogenetics|molecular phylogenetic]] study confirmed that the subtribe was not monophyletic, and proposed a reduced subtribe of just three genera.<ref name=RomeTaylZappTelh23/>

===Genera=== In the 2023 classification, the subtribe contains three genera:<ref name=RomeTaylZappTelh23/> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Image !! Genus !! Living species |- |[[File:Browningia candelaris - Chile ruta 11 Poconchile-Socoroma (2).jpg|175px]] || ''[[Browningia]]'' {{small|Britton & Rose}} || * ''[[Browningia altissima]]'' {{small|(F.Ritter) Buxb.}} * ''[[Browningia amstutziae]]'' {{small|(Rauh & Backeb.) Hutchison ex Krainz}} * ''[[Browningia candelaris]]'' {{small|(Meyen) Britton & Rose}} ** ''Browningia candelaris'' subsp. ''candelaris'' ** ''Browningia candelaris'' subsp. ''icaensis'' {{small|(F.Ritter) D.R.Hunt}} * ''[[Browningia chlorocarpa]]'' {{small|(Kunth) W.T.Marshall}} * ''[[Browningia columnaris]]'' {{small|F.Ritter}} * ''[[Browningia hernandezii]]'' {{small|Fern.Alonso}} * ''[[Browningia hertlingiana]]'' {{small|(Backeb.) Buxb.}} * ''[[Browningia macracantha]]'' {{small|(F.Ritter) Wittner}} * ''[[Browningia microsperma]]'' {{small|(Werderm. & Backeb.) W.T.Marshall}} * ''[[Browningia pilleifera]]'' {{small|(F.Ritter) Hutchison}} * ''[[Browningia utcubambensis]]'' {{small|Hutchison ex Wittner}} |- |[[FIle:Castellanosia caineana P1011284.JPG|175px]] || ''[[Castellanosia]]'' {{small|Britton & Rose}} || * ''[[Castellanosia caineana]]'' {{small|Cárdenas}} |- |[[File:Rebutia senilis v.stuemeri P249 Khanon s200select.jpg|175px]] || ''[[Rebutia]]'' {{small|K.Schum.}}|| *''[[Rebutia fabrisii]]'' {{small|Rausch}} *''[[Rebutia minuscula]]'' {{small|K.Schum.}} *''[[Rebutia padcayensis]]'' {{small|Rausch}} |- |[[File:Weingartia pucarensis HJ1201.jpg|175px]]||''[[Weingartia]]'' {{small|Werderm.}}|| {{Collapsible list|bullets=true|title=33 species: | |''[[Weingartia alba]]'' {{au|(Rausch) F.H.Brandt}} |''[[Weingartia arenacea]]'' {{au|(Cárdenas) F.H.Brandt}} |''[[Weingartia breviflora]]'' {{au|(Backeb.) F.H.Brandt}} |''[[Weingartia candiae]]'' {{au|(Cárdenas) F.H.Brandt}} |''[[Weingartia canigueralii]]'' {{au|(Cárdenas) F.H.Brandt}} |''[[Weingartia cantargalloensis]]'' {{au|(Gertel, Jucker & J.de Vries) Hentzschel & K.Augustin}} |''[[Weingartia cardenasiana]]'' {{au|(R.Vásquez) F.H.Brandt}} |''[[Weingartia cintia]]'' {{au|(Hjertson) Hentzschel & K.Augustin}} |''[[Weingartia corroana]]'' {{au|(Cárdenas) Cárdenas}} |''[[Weingartia crispata]]'' {{au|(Rausch) F.H.Brandt}} |''[[Weingartia cuprea]]'' {{au|(Rausch) Hentzschel & K.Augustin}} |''[[Weingartia cylindrica]]'' {{au|(Donald & A.B.Lau) F.H.Brandt}} |''[[Weingartia fidana]]'' {{au|(Backeb.) Werderm.}} |''[[Weingartia fischeriana]]'' {{au|(K.Augustin) Hentzschel & K.Augustin}} |''[[Weingartia frankiana]]'' {{au|(Rausch) F.H.Brandt}} |''[[Weingartia frey-juckeri]]'' {{au|Diers & K.Augustin}} |''[[Weingartia glomeriseta]]'' {{au|(Cárdenas) F.H.Brandt}} |''[[Weingartia hediniana]]'' {{au|Backeb.}} |''[[Weingartia heliosoides]]'' {{au|(P.Lechner & Draxler) Hentzschel & K.Augustin}} |''[[Weingartia juckeri]]'' {{au|(Gertel) Hentzschel & K.Augustin}} |''[[Weingartia losenickyana]]'' {{au|(Rausch) F.H.Brandt}} |''[[Weingartia mentosa]]'' {{au|(F.Ritter) F.H.Brandt}} |''[[Weingartia mizquensis]]'' {{au|(Rausch) F.H.Brandt}} |''[[Weingartia neocumingii]]'' {{au|Backeb.}} |''[[Weingartia neumanniana]]'' {{au|(Backeb.) Werderm.}} |''[[Weingartia purpurea]]'' {{au|Donald & A.B.Lau}} |''[[Weingartia steinbachii]]'' {{au|(Werderm.) F.H.Brandt}} |''[[Weingartia taratensis]]'' {{au|(Cárdenas) F.H.Brandt}} |''[[Weingartia tarijensis]]'' {{au|F.H.Brandt}} |''[[Weingartia tiraquensis]]'' {{au|(Cárdenas) F.H.Brandt}} |''[[Weingartia torotorensis]]'' {{au|Cárdenas}} |''[[Weingartia vasqueziana]]'' {{au|(Rausch) Hentzschel & K.Augustin}} |''[[Weingartia westii]]'' {{au|(Hutchison) Donald}} |}} |- |}

===Former genera=== The following genera were formerly placed in Rebutiinae:<ref name=RomeTaylZappTelh23/> *''[[Aylostera]]'' Spegazzini – placed in the monotypic subtribe Aylosterinae *''[[Gymnocalycium]]'' Mittler – placed in the monotypic subtribe Gymnocalyciinae *''[[Lasiocereus]]'' F.Ritter – uncertainly placed in the subtribe [[Trichocereinae]] *''[[Stetsonia (plant)|Stetsonia]]'' Britt. & Rose – placed in the subtribe [[Cereinae]] *''[[Uebelmannia]]'' Buining – placed in the monotypic subtribe Uebelmanniinae

==References== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=FantSoffCalv21>{{Cite journal |last1=Fantinati |first1=Mariana R. |last2=Soffiatti |first2=Patricia |last3=Calvente |first3=Alice |date=2021 |title=A New Phylogenetic Hypothesis for Cereinae (Cactaceae) Points to a Monophyletic Subtribe |journal=Systematic Botany |volume=46 |issue=3 |pages=689–699 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Alice-Calvente/publication/355551622_A_New_Phylogenetic_Hypothesis_for_Cereinae_Cactaceae_Points_to_a_Monophyletic_Subtribe/links/6411bc35315dfb4cce80c363/A-New-Phylogenetic-Hypothesis-for-Cereinae-Cactaceae-Points-to-a-Monophyletic-Subtribe.pdf |access-date=2023-09-28 |doi=10.1600/036364421X16312068417020 |name-list-style=amp }}</ref>

<ref name=NyffEggl10>{{Cite journal |last1=Nyffeler |first1=R. |last2=Eggli |first2=U. |year=2010 |title=A farewell to dated ideas and concepts: molecular phylogenetics and a revised suprageneric classification of the family Cactaceae |journal=Schumannia |volume=6 |pages=109–149 |doi=10.5167/uzh-43285 |name-list-style=amp}}</ref>

<ref name=RomeTaylZappTelh23>{{Cite journal |last1=Romeiro-Brito |first1=Monique |last2=Taylor |first2=Nigel P. |last3=Zappi |first3=Daniela C. |last4=Telhe |first4=Milena C. |last5=Franco |first5=Fernando F. |last6=Moraes |first6=Evandro M. |date=2023 |title=Unravelling phylogenetic relationships of the tribe Cereeae using target enrichment sequencing |journal=Annals of Botany |volume=132 |issue=5 |pages=989–1006 |doi=10.1093/aob/mcad153 |name-list-style=amp |pmc=10808018 }}</ref> }}

[[Category:Cereeae| ]]