{{Short description|Mughal prince (1671–1712)}} {{more footnotes needed|date=January 2013}} {{Infobox royalty | name = Rafi-ush-Shan <br> {{Nastaliq|رفیع اش شان}} | title = <br> Shahzada of the Mughal Empire <br>Mirza<ref>[https://www.dawn.com/news/595548/past-present-emperors-new-names Mughal title ''Mirza''], the title of Mirza and not Khan or Padshah, which were the titles of the Mongol rulers.</ref> | image = Rafi - Ush- Shan.jpg | caption = Portrait of Rafi-ush-Shan, c. 1704 | succession = Subahdar of Sindh | reign = 1707–1710 | reg-type = Badshah | regent = Bahadur Shah I | succession1 = Subahdar of Assam | reign1 = 1707–1710 | reg-type1 = Badshah | regent1 = Bahadur Shah I | succession2 = Subahdar of Kashmir | reign2 = 1710–1712 | reg-type2 = Badshah | regent2 = Bahadur Shah I | birth_date = 1671 | birth_place = Delhi, Mughal Empire | death_date = 29 March {{death year and age|1712|1671}} | death_place = Punjab, Mughal Empire | spouse = {{Ubl|{{marriage|Raziyat-un-Nissa Begum<br>|1695}} |Nur-un-Nissa Begum}} | issue = {{ubl|Rafi ud-Darajat<br>|Shah Jahan II<br>|Muhammad Ibrahim}} | full name = Rafi-ush-Shan Mirza | house = Mughal dynasty | dynasty = Timurid dynasty | father = Bahadur Shah I | mother = Nur-un-nissa Begum | religion = Islam | burial_place = Humayun's Tomb, Delhi | burial_date = }}
'''Rafi-ul-Qadr''' (Persian: رفیع القدر) (29 – 1671 March 1712), better known by his title, '''Mirza Rafi' ush-Shan Bahadur''', was the third son of the Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah I.
==Life and mughal service== Rafi' ush-Shan Bahadur was born in Delhi to Prince Mu'azzam and Nur-un-Nisa Begum, the daughter of Sanjar Najm-i-sani. He was 10 when he was appointed by his grandfather Aurangzeb as ''qiladar'' of Malakand.
After the accession of his father to the Mughal throne in 1707, he was appointed the ''subahdar'' of Sindh and Assam from 1707 to 1710; and Kashmir from 1710 to 1712.
He was killed along with his older brother Jahan Shah in the succession struggle after the death of their father. He is buried in Agra.{{Citation needed|date=July 2023}}
==Family== One of his wives was Raziyat-un-nissa Begum, the daughter of Prince Muhammad Akbar. He had married her in 1695 at Agra, during the same time as his brother Jahan Shah had married her sister Zakiyat-un-nissa Begum. Another was Nur-un-nissa Begum, daughter of Shaikh Baqi. She was the mother of Rafi ud-Darajat{{sfn|Irvine|1922|p=146}} and Muhammad Ibrahim.{{sfn|Irvine|1922|p=76}}
His sons Rafi ud-Darajat, Muhammad Ibrahim and Shah Jahan II would later become Mughal emperors.
==References== <references />
==Bibliography== *{{citation |last=Irvine |first=William |author-link=William Irvine (historian) |year=1922 |editor-last=Sarkar |editor-first=Jadunath |editor-link=Jadunath Sarkar |title=The Later Mughals |url=https://archive.org/details/latermughals01irviuoft/page/419/mode/1up |volume=I |location=Calcutta |publisher=M. C. Sarkar & Sons}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rafi' us-Shan}} Category:1671 births Category:1712 deaths Category:Mughal princes Category:Sons of emperors Category:18th-century Mughal Empire people