Radun, Belarus

{{Missing information|the previous location of this place in Lithuania/Poland|talksection=Missing details|date=August 2019}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Radun | native_name = {{lang|be|Радунь}} | settlement_type = [[List of urban-type settlements in Belarus|Urban-type settlement]] | image_skyline = Centrum miasta Raduń.JPG | image_flag =Flag of Raduń.svg | image_shield =Coat of Arms of Raduń.svg | flag_size = 150 | shield_size = 75 | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Belarus]] | subdivision_type1 = [[regions of Belarus|Region]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Grodno Region]] | subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Belarus|District]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Voranava District]] | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | coordinates = {{coord|54|2|53.16|N|24|59|44.88|E|region:BY_source:kolossus-plwiki|display=inline,title}} | pushpin_map = Belarus | elevation_m = 165 | population_as_of = 2025 | population_total = 2001 | population_footnotes = <ref name="pop">{{cite web|url=https://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-statistika/solialnaya-sfera/naselenie-i-migratsiya/naselenie/statisticheskie-izdaniya/index_148168/|title=Численность населения на 1 января 2025 г. и среднегодовая численность населения за 2024 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250329210112/https://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-statistika/solialnaya-sfera/naselenie-i-migratsiya/naselenie/statisticheskie-izdaniya/index_148168/|archive-date=29 March 2025|website=belsat.gov.by|access-date=8 May 2025}}</ref> |postal_code_type = Postal code |postal_code = 231390 |area_code = +375 1594 |blank_name = License plate |blank_info = 4 |timezone = [[Moscow Time|MSK]] |utc_offset = +3 |website = }}

'''Radun'''{{efn|{{langx|be|Радунь|Raduń}}; {{langx|ru|Радунь}}; {{langx|lt|Rodūnia, Rodūnė}}; {{Langx|pl|Raduń}}; {{langx|yi|ראַדין|Radin}}.}} is an [[List of urban-type settlements in Belarus|urban-type settlement]] in [[Voranava District]], [[Grodno Region]], in western [[Belarus]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.flora-and-sam.com/finalversion/finishedversion/pages/RadinHistory.htm|title=RADIN HISTORY|website=flora-and-sam.com|accessdate=Jan 15, 2015}}</ref><ref name="enc">{{cite book |last1=Gaponenko |first1=Irina Olegovna |title=Назвы населеных пунктаў Рэспублікі Беларусь: Гродзенская вобласць |date=2004 |location=Minsk |publisher=Тэхналогія |page=137 |isbn=985-458-098-9}}</ref> As of 2025, it has a population of 2,001.<ref name="pop"/>

==History== [[File:Raduń, Maci Božaj Ružancovaj. Радунь, Маці Божай Ружанцовай (1941-44).jpg|thumb|left|upright|Church of Mother of God of the Rosary in the 1940s]] Raduń was a [[Royal city in Poland|royal town]],<ref name=sgk>{{cite book|author= |title=Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom IX|year=1888|language=pl|location=Warszawa|page=450}}</ref> administratively located in the Lida County in the [[Vilnius Voivodeship]] of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]. The shortest 16th-century route connecting [[Kraków]] and [[Vilnius]] led through the town.<ref name=sgk/>

It was the home of [[Yisrael Meir Kagan|Rabbi Yisrael Meir Kagan]], known as the Chofetz Chaim, and his [[Raduń Yeshiva]] founded in 1869.

Raduń, as it was known in Polish, was administratively located in the Lida County in the [[Nowogródek Voivodeship (1919–1939)|Nowogródek Voivodeship]] of Poland in the interwar period. In the 1921 census, 61.2% people declared [[Polish people|Polish]] nationality, and 38,0% declared Jewish nationality.<ref name=gus>{{cite book|author=|title=Skorowidz miejscowości Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Tom VII. Część I|year=1923|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=Główny Urząd Statystyczny|page=26}}</ref>

After the [[Invasion of Poland]] in September 1939, Radun was occupied by the [[Soviet Union]] and incorporated into the [[Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic|Byelorussian SSR]] on 14 November 1939. In 1940, most of the yeshiva students were transferred to the United States via Japan.

From June 1941 until 13 July 1944, Radun was [[German occupation of Byelorussia during World War II|occupied by Germany]] and administered as a part of the ''[[Generalbezirk Weissruthenien|Generalbezirk Weißruthenien]]'' of ''[[Reichskommissariat Ostland]]''. On November 16, 1941, a fenced [[Jewish ghettos established by Nazi Germany|ghetto]] was established on Zhydovska Street, previously a Jewish street. There were also Jews from neighbouring villages gathered in the ghetto: Dovguielishki, Zabolote, Zhyrmuny and Nacha. More than 2,000 Jews were confined inside the ghetto.

On May 10, 1942, 100 young Jews were requisitioned to dig pits in the Jewish cemetery. As the working Jews attempted a mass-escape, many of them were shot. When the ghetto was liquidated, more than 1,500 Jews were killed by the Germans and the local police. Nearly 300 skilled artisans were kept alive, and later sent to [[Shchuchin]] ghetto and from there, after a while, to their deaths in an unknown location.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.yahadmap.org/#village/radun-grodno-belarus.884|title=Yahad - in Unum}}</ref> As of 2018, there were no Jews living in Radun.<ref>{{cite magazine|author=Gershon Hellman|date=Feb 14, 2018|title=Returning to Radin|magazine=[[Ami Magazine]]|issue=355|page=50}}</ref>

==Demographics== {{Historical populations|align=left|1866|869|1881|1526|1921|1254|2009|2673|2024|2012|2025|2001 |source=<ref name=sgk/><ref name=gus/><ref name=pop2009/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-statistika/solialnaya-sfera/naselenie-i-migratsiya/naselenie/statisticheskie-izdaniya/index_89355/|title=Численность населения на 1 января 2024 г. и среднегодовая численность населения за 2023 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240402055418/https://www.belstat.gov.by/ofitsialnaya-statistika/solialnaya-sfera/naselenie-i-migratsiya/naselenie/statisticheskie-izdaniya/index_89355/|archive-date=2 April 2024|website=belsat.gov.by|access-date=13 October 2024}}</ref><ref name="pop"/>}}

Distribution of the population by ethnicity according to the [[2009 Belarusian census]]:<ref name=pop2009>{{cite web|url=http://pop-stat.mashke.org/belarus-ethnic-comm2009.htm|title=Ethnic composition of Belarus 2009|access-date=30 March 2025}}</ref> {{bar box|titlebar=#ddd|left1=|right1=percent|bars= {{bar percent|[[Polish people|Poles]]|red|80.88}} {{bar percent|[[Belarusians]]|green|10.48}} {{bar percent|[[Russians]]|dodgerblue|2.96}} {{bar percent|[[Romani people|Romani]]|brown|2.66}} {{bar percent|[[Lithuanians]]|lightgreen|2.10}} {{bar percent|[[Ukrainians]]|yellow|0.60}}}} {{clear|left}}

==Notes== {{notelist}}

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== {{commons cat|Raduń|Radun}} * {{JewishGen-LocalityPage|1948600|Radun, Belarus}}

[[Category:Holocaust locations in Belarus]] [[Category:Populated places in Grodno region]] [[Category:Urban-type settlements in Belarus]] [[Category:Voranava district]]