Quảng Ninh province

{{Short description|Province of Vietnam}} {{Distinguish|text=[[Quảng Ninh district]] in Quảng Bình province}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Quảng Ninh | type = [[Provinces of Vietnam|Province]] | image_skyline = {{multiple image | border = infobox | total_width = 280 | image_style = border:1; | perrow = 1/2/2 | image1 = Ha Long Bay in 2019.jpg | image2 = Bái Tử Long rock.jpg | image3 = Bãi biển Hồng Vàn.jpg | image4 = | image5 = Động Thiên Cung.JPG | image6 = }} | image_caption = '''From top, left to right:''' [[Hạ Long Bay]], [[Bai Tu Long Bay|Bái Tử Long Bay]], Hồng Vàn Beach, Dong Temple, Thiên Cung Cave, Cai Bau Temple. | image_seal = Logo tỉnh Quảng Ninh (không chính thức).png | nickname = The Miner's Province (''Đất Mỏ'') | image = | image_map = Quang Ninh in Viet Nam.svg | map_caption = Location of Quảng Ninh in Vietnam | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 8 | coordinates = {{coord|21|15|N|107|20|E|region:VN_type:adm1st|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Vietnam}} | subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Vietnam|Region]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Red River Delta]] | seat_type = Capital | seat = [[Hạ Long]] | governing_body = Quảng Ninh Provincial People's Council | parts_type = Subdivision | parts = 4 cities, 2 district-level towns and 7 rural districts | leader_title1 = Chairman of People's Council | leader_name1 = Nguyễn Xuân Ký | leader_title2 = Chairman of People's Committee | leader_name2 = Nguyễn Tường Văn | area_footnotes = <ref name="area_2022">{{Cite act|date=18 October 2023|type=Decision|index=3048/QĐ-BTNMT|legislature=[[Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam)]]|title=Biểu số 4.2: Hiện trạng sử dụng đất vùng Đồng Bằng Sông Hồng năm 2022|trans-title=Table 4.2: Current land use status in the Red River Delta in 2022|language=vi|url=https://monre.gov.vn/VanBan/Lists/VanBanChiDao/Attachments/3012/b4.2_Signed.pdf}}</ref> | area_total_km2 = 6,207.95 | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = <ref name=census>{{cite book | author = [[General Statistics Office of Vietnam]] | year = 2019 | url = https://www.gso.gov.vn/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Ket-qua-toan-bo-Tong-dieu-tra-dan-so-va-nha-o-2019.pdf | title = "Completed Results of the 2019 Viet Nam Population and Housing Census" | publisher = Statistical Publishing House (Vietnam) | isbn= 978-604-75-1532-5 }}</ref> | population_total = 1,497,447 | population_urban = | population_as_of = 2025 | population_density_km2 = auto | demographics_type1 = [[List of ethnic groups in Vietnam|Ethnic groups]] | demographics1_footnotes = <ref name=census/> | demographics1_title1 = [[Vietnamese people|Vietnamese]]{{#tag:ref|Also called Kinh people}} | demographics1_info1 = 87.69% | demographics1_title2 = [[Yao people (Asia)|Dao]] | demographics1_info2 = 5.57% | demographics1_title3 = [[Tày people|Tày]] | demographics1_info3 = 3.08% | demographics1_title4 = [[San Diu people|Sán Dìu]] | demographics1_info4 = 1.56% | demographics1_title5 = Others | demographics1_info5 = 2.1% | demographics_type2 = GDP<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.quangninh.gov.vn/Trang/tra-cuu-chi-tiet.aspx?tcId=2289|title=Tình hình kinh tế, xã hội Quảng Ninh năm 2018|website=Cục Thống kê tỉnh Quảng Ninh|access-date=10 May 2020|archive-date=28 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228010849/https://www.quangninh.gov.vn/Trang/tra-cuu-chi-tiet.aspx?tcId=2289|url-status=dead}}</ref> | demographics2_title1 = [[province of Vietnam|Province]] | demographics2_info1 = [[VND]] 368.445 trillion [[US$]] 14.75 billion | timezone1 = ICT | utc_offset1 = +7 | area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in Vietnam|Area codes]] | area_code = 203 | iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:VN|VN-13]] | blank6_name = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2023) | blank6_info = {{increase}} 0.819<ref>{{Cite web |title=Human Development Index by province(*) by Cities, provincies and Year |url=https://www.gso.gov.vn/en/px-web/?pxid=E1438&theme=Health%2C%20Culture%2C%20Sport%20and%20Living%20standard |access-date=September 28, 2024 |website=[[General Statistics Office of Vietnam]]}}</ref> ([[List of administrative divisions of Vietnam by Human Development Index|2nd]]) | blank_name_sec2 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]] | blank_info_sec2 = [[Humid subtropical climate|Cwa]] | registration_plate_type = [[Vehicle registration plates of Vietnam|License plate]] | registration_plate = 14 | website = {{URL|http://quangninh.gov.vn/en-US/Pages/Home.aspx|quangninh.gov.vn}} | postal_code_type = [[Postal codes in Vietnam|Postal code]] | postal_code = 01xxx–02xxx }}

'''Quảng Ninh''' ({{IPA|vi|kwâŋ nīŋ|-|Quang Ninh.ogg}}) is a [[Provinces of Vietnam|province]] along the [[Northeast (Vietnam)|northeastern]] coast of [[Vietnam]]. It is about 153 km (95 mi) east of Hanoi, comprising four cities, two district-level towns and seven rural districts. The former provincial capital is [[Hạ Long]]. The province covers an area of {{Convert|6207.95|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}<ref name="area_2022"/> and, as of 2023, had a population of 1,413,452.<ref name="census" /> Nearly 80% of the province is mountainous, with 90% of Vietnam's [[coal]] output extracted from the province. The province is also home to [[Hạ Long Bay]], a [[World Heritage Site]] that has 1,969 islands, out of which 989 have been given names.<ref name=Geography>{{Cite web|url=http://halonginvest.gov.vn/catdetails.asp?lanid=2&catid=733|title=Geographical Position|access-date=27 August 2010|publisher=Government of Vietnam}}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=location>{{Cite web|url=http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=en&sl=vi&u=http://www.quangninh.gov.vn/Trangchu/Dieu_kien_tu_nhien.aspx&prev=/search%3Fq%3DQu%25E1%25BA%25A3ng%2BNinh%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.in&usg=ALkJrhjbhEIFnVkqcljOPazKWLArtWlyPg#G1282904281578|title=Geographical location|access-date=27 August 2010|publisher=Quảng Ninh Portal: Government of Vietnam}}</ref><ref name=natural>{{Cite web |url=http://halonginvest.gov.vn/catdetails.asp?lanid=2&catid=734 |title=Natural Conditions |access-date=27 August 2010 |publisher=Government of Vietnam }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

Quảng Ninh has a [[Human Development Index]] of 0.819 (very high), ranking [[List of administrative divisions of Vietnam by Human Development Index |second]] among all municipalities and provinces of Vietnam.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Human Development Index by province(*) by Cities, provincies and Year |url=https://www.gso.gov.vn/en/px-web/?pxid=E1438&theme=Health%2C%20Culture%2C%20Sport%20and%20Living%20standard |access-date=September 28, 2024 |website=[[General Statistics Office of Vietnam]]}}</ref>

==Geography== The province has the shape of an oblique rectangle inclined in a northeast-to-southwest direction. To the west, the province borders a forest and mountain region. To the east, it is adjacent to the [[Gulf of Tonkin|Gulf of Bắc Bộ]]. It features a meandering coastline, estuaries and tidal flats and more than 2,000 islands. Exactly 1,030 of these have been named. Quảng Ninh's coordinates are longitude 106º25′ to 108º25′ east and latitude 20º40′ to 21º40′ north. Its width from east to west is 195 km (at the widest part).<ref name=location/> [[File:Cáp treo núi Yên Tử.jpg|thumb|left|Quảng Ninh's mountains and forestry, seen from the cable car network in the Yên Tử pagoda complex]] The length from north to south of the province is 102 km. The northernmost point is in a mountain range at Mo Toòng village (Hoành Mô commune, Bình Liêu district). The southernmost point is in Hạ Mai Island (Ngọc Vừng commune, Vân Đồn district). The westernmost point is in Vàng Chua River (Bình Dương and Nguyễn Huệ communes, Đông Triều city). The easternmost point is inland at Got Cape, northeast of Trà Cổ commune, [[Móng Cái]] town.<ref name=location/>

Quảng Ninh has a common international border with the People's Republic of China. Inland, north of province (Bình Liêu, Hải Hà districts) and [[Móng Cái]] borders [[Dongxing, Guangxi|Dongxing]] City and Fangcheng County in [[Guangxi]], [[People's Republic of China|PRC]] with the borderline of 170 km. To the east, it adjuncts to Bắc Bộ Gulf. The province also borders [[Lạng Sơn province|Lạng Sơn]], [[Bắc Giang province|Bắc Giang]] and [[Hải Dương province|Hải Dương]] provinces to the west, and the city of [[Hai Phong|Hải Phòng]] to the south. The coastal line is 250 km. The total area of Quảng Ninh is 8,239.243 km2, of which 5,938 km2 is mainland. The area of islands, bays and sea is 2,448.853 km2. The total area of the islands is 619.913 km2.<ref name=Geography/><ref name=location/>

===Topography=== More than 80 per cent of Quảng Ninh's area is made up of mountains and hills. The 2,000 some islands are also considered mountains. The mountainous zone can be divided into two parts: the eastern mountainous region extending from [[Tiên Yên]] through [[Bình Liêu]], [[Hải Hà]], [[Đầm Hà]] and [[Móng Cái]]; and the western zone ranging from Tiên Yên through [[Ba Chẽ]] and [[Hoành Bồ]], north of Uông Bí Town. The former is a continuation of the [[Thâp Van Đai Son]] range in China. There are two main chains: [[Quảng Nam Châu]] 1,507 m and [[Cao Xiêm]] 1,330 m. The western zone features smooth and curved mountains called [[Đông Triều]] with [[Yên Tu Mount]] 1,068 m in [[Uông Bí]] region and [[Am Váp Mount]] 1,094 m in [[Hoành Bồ district]].<ref name=location/><ref name=natural/>

The midland and coastal plains include a range of hills weathered by both wind and water; forming fields and river basins. They include the zones of [[Đông Triều]], [[Uông Bí]], northern [[Yên Hưng]], southern [[Tiên Yên]], [[Hải Hà]] and some of [[Móng Cái]]. In the estuaries, [[alluvium|alluvial]] soil is deposited, creating low tidal flats. This can be found in the areas of southern Uông Bí, southern Yên Hưng (Hà Nam Island), eastern Yên Hưng, Đông Rui (Tiên Yên), southern Đầm Hà and Móng Cái, southeastern Hải Hà.<ref name=location/><ref name=natural/>

In the sea and island zone of Quảng Ninh, there are more than 2,000 islands, making up two-thirds of the country's islands. They extend along the coast for more than 250 km and divide into layers. The largest islands are Cái Bầu and Bản Sen, while the smallest are like rocks in a garden. Vân Đồn and Cô Tô are island districts. There are thousands of islands on [[Hạ Long Bay]] and Bái Tử Long Bay, some of which contain caves. Besides areas of alluvial deposits, there are white sand zones which have built up from tidal action. Some places have formed white sand mines producing materials for the glass industry (Van Hai), or have developed into tourism spots (Trà Cổ, Quan Lạn, Minh Châu, Ngọc Vừng).<ref name=location/><ref name=natural/>

The sea bottom terrain of Quảng Ninh has an average depth of 20 m. There are the remnants of streams and underwater rocky banks. The streams from the mainland connect to drains along the sea-floor; creating a series of waterways, canals and harbours along the coast.<ref name=location/>

===Hydrography=== In Quảng Ninh, there are rivers and springs which feature currents that differ between seasons. In winter, most rivers run dry; in summer, waterfalls pick up faster currents. The water current reaches 1.45 m3/s in dry season, and up to 1,500 m3/s in the rainy season. Quảng Ninh's sea borders upon the Gulf of Bắc Bộ. It is protected by the ranks of islands, so the wind is quieter and the water smoother. The gulf's current runs from north to south. It is Vietnam's coldest sea, with the temperature sometimes dipping below 13 °C. The average tide level recorded is 2.5 m.<ref name=location/><ref name=natural/>

===Water resources=== [[File:Quan Lan Island, Vân Đồn District.jpg|thumb|left|Quan Lạn island, [[Vân Đồn district]]]]

The largest rivers are: the [[Ka Long]] (the natural national border between China and Vietnam), [[Hà Côi]], [[Đầm Hà River|Đầm Hà]], [[Tiên Yên (river)|Tiên Yên]], [[Phố Cũ]], [[Ba Chẽ River|Ba Chẽ]], [[Diễn Vọng]], [[Trới River|Trới]], [[Míp]], [[Uông River|Uông]], [[Đạm]] and [[Cầm River|Cầm]] rivers. The provincial border is the [[Kinh Thầy River]] which joins the Đá Bạch River and runs into Bạch Đằng. The total static capacity is estimated at 175.106 m3 of water. Out of the 72 lakes and dams, there are 28 large lakes with a total of capacity of 195.53 million m3 of water. The largest is Yên Lập Lake, which blocks the Míp Estuary. Its water volume is 1.18 million m3. Other lakes include: [[Khuất Động]], [[Trúc Bài Sơn]], [[Khe Táu]], [[Đoan Tĩnh]], [[Khe Uơn]], [[Khe Chếnh]], [[Yên Trung]], [[Bến Châu]], [[Trại Lốc]], [[Rộc Cả]] and [[An Biên]].<ref name=location/><ref name=natural/>

Underground running water can be found on some of the larger islands. According to prospective data, 13 urban and industrial areas make use of 64,388 m3 water/day. In the province there are natural bottle water points in Quảng Hanh ([[Cẩm Phả]]), Khe Lạc ([[Tiên Yên]]) and Đồng Long ([[Bình Liêu]]). Mineral water is concentrated in the village of Quảng Hanh. There are 15 exploration holes, and according to preliminary results, capacity could be 1,004 m3/day. Quảng Hanh mineral water is clear and colourless, with mineral content varying from 3.5 to 5.05 g/L.<ref name=location/><ref name=natural/>

===Mineral resources=== The province has natural mineral resources of coal, [[limestone]], clay, [[Kaolinite|kaolin]], white sand, [[granite]] and so forth. Reserves of [[anthracite]] coal account for 90% of coal output of Vietnam. Limestone reserves are estimated at 3.1 billion tonnes which would be the basic input for cement manufacture. Other mineral resources [[phosphorus]], titanium, [[antimony]], quartz, and oil have been found which could auger more industrial projects in the province. Clay and glassy sand, material inputs in the building industry for manufacture of tiles, bricks, and ceramics are present.<ref name=natural/>

===Climate=== [[File:Ha Long sunset.jpg|thumb|[[Hạ Long Bay]] at sunset]]

Quảng Ninh's climate is typical of the climate of North Vietnam; featuring all four seasons. In summer, it is hot, humid and rainy, while [[monsoon]]s flourish. The average annual temperature recorded is 22.9 °C. In winter, it is cold (between 1 and 3 °C), dry, and sees less rainfall (between 150 mm and 400 mm). The average humidity is 82%. Annual average rainfall, influenced by north-eastern monsoons, varies between 1,700 mm and 2,400 mm (maximum recorded is 2751 mm), with rainfall concentrated in the summer months for 90 to 170 days, particularly in July and August.<ref name=location/><ref name=natural/>

In comparison to other provinces in the north, Quảng Ninh has been more under the influences of north-eastern monsoon. During the north-east monsoon, mountainous regions such as Bình Liêu and Hải Hà, Đầm Hà experiences temperatures below 0 °C. Storms have an influence on the province, mainly in June, July and August. The intensity can be stronger in island and coastal regions.<ref name=location/><ref name=natural/>

Because of the terrain differences, the climates of sub-regions differ. The border area of the Móng Cái district is colder and rainy, with an average temperature of around 22 °C and rainfall reaching 2,751 mm. In the Yên Hưng District, the most southern area, the average temperature is 24 °C and gets an average rainfall of 1,700 mm. The mountainous region of Hoành Bồ, and Ba Chẽ districts, has 20 days of frost a year. In the Bình Liêu District there is heavier rain (2,400 mm) and winter lasts for six months. The offshore island region is not the wettest area, with 1,700 to 1,800 mm of rainfall per year, and winter is sometimes accompanied by mists.<ref name=location/><ref name=natural/>

{{Weather box |metric first=y |single line=y |location = Hạ Long |Jan high C = 19.4 |Feb high C = 19.3 |Mar high C = 21.8 |Apr high C = 25.9 |May high C = 30.0 |Jun high C = 31.3 |Jul high C = 31.8 |Aug high C = 31.2 |Sep high C = 30.6 |Oct high C = 28.5 |Nov high C = 25.3 |Dec high C = 21.9 |year high C = 26.4 |Jan mean C = 16.1 |Feb mean C = 16.6 |Mar mean C = 19.3 |Apr mean C = 23.1 |May mean C = 26.8 |Jun mean C = 28.2 |Jul mean C = 28.6 |Aug mean C = 27.9 |Sep mean C = 27.0 |Oct mean C = 24.7 |Nov mean C = 21.2 |Dec mean C = 17.8 |year mean C = 23.1 |Jan low C = 13.9 |Feb low C = 14.8 |Mar low C = 17.5 |Apr low C = 21.2 |May low C = 24.4 |Jun low C = 25.8 |Jul low C = 26.1 |Aug low C = 25.2 |Sep low C = 24.2 |Oct low C = 21.9 |Nov low C = 18.4 |Dec low C = 15.1 |year low C = 20.7 |Jan record high C = 28.8 |Jan record low C = 5.0 |Feb record high C = 29.5 |Feb record low C = 5.3 |Mar record high C = 32.0 |Mar record low C = 7.1 |Apr record high C = 34.6 |Apr record low C = 11.4 |May record high C = 36.1 |May record low C = 15.9 |Jun record high C = 37.3|Jun record low C = 18.4 |Jul record high C = 37.9 |Jul record low C = 21.4 |Aug record high C = 36.5 |Aug record low C = 21.1 |Sep record high C = 36.3 |Sep record low C = 16.6 |Oct record high C = 33.6 |Oct record low C = 14.0 |Nov record high C = 33.8 |Nov record low C = 9.0 |Dec record high C = 29.7 |Dec record low C = 1.7 |year record high C = 37.9 |year record low C = 1.7 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 23 |Feb precipitation mm = 25 |Mar precipitation mm = 41 |Apr precipitation mm = 91 |May precipitation mm = 170 |Jun precipitation mm = 299 |Jul precipitation mm = 327 |Aug precipitation mm = 445 |Sep precipitation mm = 282 |Oct precipitation mm = 159 |Nov precipitation mm = 37 |Dec precipitation mm = 19 |year precipitation mm = 1918 |Jan precipitation days = 7.7 |Feb precipitation days = 11.0 |Mar precipitation days = 13.8 |Apr precipitation days = 11.6 |May precipitation days = 11.4 |Jun precipitation days = 15.6 |Jul precipitation days = 15.6 |Aug precipitation days = 18.6 |Sep precipitation days = 14.1 |Oct precipitation days = 10.1 |Nov precipitation days = 5.7 |Dec precipitation days = 5.2 |year precipitation days = 140.3 |Jan humidity = 80.2 |Feb humidity = 84.6 |Mar humidity = 87.6 |Apr humidity = 86.7 |May humidity = 83.0 |Jun humidity = 83.6 |Jul humidity = 83.4 |Aug humidity = 85.6 |Sep humidity = 82.3 |Oct humidity = 78.5 |Nov humidity = 75.9 |Dec humidity = 76.5 |year humidity = 82.3 |Jan sun = 87 |Feb sun = 48 |Mar sun = 47 |Apr sun = 89 |May sun = 190 |Jun sun = 173 |Jul sun = 200 |Aug sun = 173 |Sep sun = 188 |Oct sun = 189 |Nov sun = 164 |Dec sun = 143 |year sun = 1690 |source 1 = Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology<ref name=IBST>{{cite web | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20180722172120/http://ibst.vn/DATA/nhyen/QCVN%2002-2009%20BXD%20So%20lieu%20tu%20nhien.pdf | archivedate = 22 July 2018 | url = http://ibst.vn/DATA/nhyen/QCVN%2002-2009%20BXD%20So%20lieu%20tu%20nhien.pdf | title = Vietnam Building Code Natural Physical & Climatic Data for Construction | publisher = Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology | accessdate = 4 August 2018}}</ref> }}

==Demographics== [[File:Đường lên Yên Tử.jpg|thumb|Path to Mount Yên Tử]] According to the General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam, the population of Quảng Ninh Province, as of 2019, was 1,320,324<ref name=census/> with a density of 216 persons per km2 over a total land area of {{convert|6178.21|km2|mi2}}. The male population during this period was 671,522<ref name=census/> while the female population was 648,802.<ref name=census/> The rural population was 498,338 (36.1% of total population) against an urban population of 822,761 (63.9% of total population).<ref name=census/>

The dominant religious beliefs are of Buddhists, Christians and ancestor worship in addition to other folk beliefs.<ref name=natural/>

==Fauna and flora== Identified floral species are numbered at 1,027 of 6 phyla, while faunal species are 120.<ref name=natural/>

There are species of fish in the Gulf of Bắc Bộ. There are [[Pearly mussel|pearly mussels]], [[stockfish]], [[sea turtle]]s and [[lobster]]s, while along the coastline, [[oyster]]s and edible [[seaweed]] abound. These fish resources of the sea have been a source of income for the residents of Quảng Ninh.<ref name=natural/>

There are fruit trees, lumber trees and industrial plants.<ref name=natural/> The area for fruit trees in the Đông Triều City totals around 30 km2. Formerly in Quảng Ninh, there was more diverse wood available, in particular ironwood and [[teak]] trees. Later, there are mainly pine trees. In mountainous areas, there are a variety of trees and plants, providing spices and traditional medicines.<ref name=natural/>

==Economy== [[File:Ha Long bay, vendors on water.jpg|thumb|left|Vendors in Hạ Long Bay]] The People's Committee of Quảng Ninh province in 2007 approved proposals for development plans up to 2020. Mineral extraction industries are being developed. Special economic zones are being created and the plans envisage making the province a modern industrial province by 2015. The two economic development zones under development are the Mong Cai Border Gate Economic Zone and the Van Don Economic Zone. Tourism is also a sector of economic development, which has been given priority. Quảng Ninh has targeted to become a regional high-quality tourism center and an economic growth hub in the North with synchronized socio-economic and technical infrastructure and improved living conditions.<ref name=development>{{Cite web|url=http://halonginvest.gov.vn/catdetails.asp?lanid=2&catid=803|title=Development Potentiality|access-date=27 August 2010|publisher=Government of Vietnam}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

Some of the economic indicators in agriculture, industries and other sectors are the following. There are 1,440 farms as against the national number of 120,699<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www.gso.gov.vn/default_en.aspx?tabid=469&idmid=3&ItemID=8893 |title=Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery: Number of farms by province|access-date=23 June 2010|publisher= Population and Employment :General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam}}</ref>

The output value of agriculture produce at constant 1994 prices in the province was 952.5 billion [[Vietnamese đồng|đồngs]] against the national value of 156,681.9 billion đồngs.<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www.gso.gov.vn/default_en.aspx?tabid=469&idmid=3&ItemID=8889 |title= Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery :Output value of agriculture at constant 1994 prices|access-date=23 June 2010|publisher= Population and Employment :General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam}}</ref>

The province produced 227,700 tonnes of cereals as against the national production of 43.68 million tonnes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gso.gov.vn/default_en.aspx?tabid=469&idmid=3&ItemID=8883 |title=Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery:Production of cereals by province|access-date=23 June 2010|publisher= Population and Employment :General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam}}</ref>

The per capita production of cereals in the district was 205.2 kg as against the national figure of 501.8 kg. in 2008.<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www.gso.gov.vn/default_en.aspx?tabid=469&idmid=3&ItemID=8882|title=Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery:Production of cereals per capita by province| access-date=23 June 2010|publisher= Population and Employment :General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam}}</ref>

In 2007, the industrial output of the province was 37,987.5 billion VND against the national output of 1.47 million billion VND.<ref>{{Cite web|url= http://www.gso.gov.vn/default_en.aspx?tabid=470&idmid=3&ItemID=8970|title=Industry:Industrial output value at current prices by province | access-date=23 June 2010|publisher= Population and Employment :General Statistics Office of the Government of Vietnam}}</ref>

On Vietnam's Provincial Competitiveness Index 2023, a tool for evaluating the business environment in Vietnam's provinces, Quang Ninh received a score of 71.25. This was a decrease from 2022 in which the province received a score of 72.95. In 2023, the province received its highest scores on the 'time costs' and 'business support policy' criteria and lowest on 'labour policy' and 'policy bias'.<ref>{{Cite web |last=the-shiv |date=2024-08-23 |title=Doing Business in Quang Ninh, Vietnam 2024 |url=https://the-shiv.com/doing-business-in-quang-ninh-vietnam/ |access-date=2024-08-24 |website=the-shiv |language=en-AU}}</ref> {{clear}}

==Historical places== [[File:Núi Yên Tử.jpg|thumb|{{ill|Yên Tử Mountains|vi|Núi Yên Tử}}]] The province has number of attractions connected with the landforms such as the mountains and the sea or the bay, religious places of worship and festivals. Some of these are:<ref name=location/>

===Mountains=== Bài Thơ Mountain is a limestone mountain formation, which rises to a height of 106 meters, in the middle of Hạ Long City. It appears like a castle with three towers of the undulating rock. Another mountain is the That Bai Tho Mountain, which was earlier called the Transmission Mount (''Then''). It has historical linkage to the visit of Emperor Lê Thánh Tông to the provincial city in 1468. The emperor was moved by the beauty of the mountain covered with clouds, called it a young fairy of Hạ Long and got a poem written on it and engraved on the southern side of the rocky cliff. In 1729, Lord Trịnh Cương did a painting and poem on Emperor Lê Thánh Tông on this mountain.<ref name=location/> That's why it was called Poem mountain.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.halong-bay-tours.com/blog/top-10-things-to-see-that-will-blow-your-mind-in-halong-bay.html |title=One of the 10 attractions to see in Halong |access-date=3 October 2019}}</ref>

===Temples=== [[File:Vườn tháp Huệ Quang, chùa Đồng, Yên Tử.jpg|thumb|Hue Quang Tower Garden, which preserves the relics of the Zen monks, monks and nuns of [[Trúc Lâm]].]]

Two temples in the province are the [[Cửa Ông Temple]] located on a mountain overlooking low Bai Tu Long Bay, and the Tien Temple located next to the headquarters of People's Committee of Cam La commune.<ref name=location/>

Quảng Ninh Province is home to several Buddhist pagodas include The Yên Tử Pagoda Complex, Ba Vàng Pagoda, Long Tiên Pagoda, Ngọa Vân Pagoda.

==== Bạch Đằng beach ==== Bạch Đằng beach is a historical site which commemorates the 13th-century victory of Trần Quốc Tuấn over the Mongols, who had invaded the country with 30,000 troops.<ref name=location/>

The road network in the province consists of the National Highways No. 10, 18, and 48. Highway No. 10 links to [[Hanoi]], [[Haiphong]] and other northern provinces. National Highway 4B connects the province with [[Lạng Sơn]] and [[Cao Bằng]].<ref name=infra>{{Cite web |title=Cần hơn 34.500 tỷ đồng đầu tư cảng biển Quảng Ninh |url=https://baochinhphu.vn/can-hon-34500-ty-dong-dau-tu-cang-bien-quang-ninh-102250326173725743.htm |website=Báo Chính phủ điện tử |date=26 March 2025 |access-date=31 January 2026}}</ref>

The Hanoi–Hạ Long (Cai Lan port) railway line has been improved. Rail links of 64 km length connect to industries in the province.<ref name=infra/>

The water transport is provided by its rivers and the sea ports such as the Cai Lan port, the largest deep water port in North Vietnam that is under further expansion to handle cargo of 7–10 million tonnes per year. Another port is the Cu Ong port, which can handle ships of 65,000–70,000 DWT capacity. Other minor ports in the coastline of the province are the Bo, Cau Trang, B12, Mui Chua, Dien Cong, Bach Thai Buoi, Tien Yen and Dan Tien.<ref name=infra/> {{clear}}

==References== {{Reflist|2}}

==External links== * {{commons category-inline}} * {{official website|http://quangninh.gov.vn}} {{In lang|vi}}

{{Authority control}} {{Geographic location |Centre = Quảng Ninh province |North = [[Lạng Sơn province]] |Northeast = [[Guangxi]], {{flagu|China}} |East = |Southeast = ''[[Gulf of Tonkin]]'' |South = |Southwest = [[Hai Phong]] |West = [[Hải Dương province]] |Northwest = [[Bắc Giang province]] }} {{Quang Ninh Province}} {{Subdivisions of Vietnam}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Quang Ninh province}} [[Category:Gulf of Tonkin]] [[Category:Northeast (Vietnam)]] [[Category:Provinces of Vietnam]] [[Category:Quảng Ninh province| ]]