'''Pumham''' (died 1676) (also known as '''Pomham''') was one of Metacomet's chief advisors during King Phillip's War. He was sachem of Shawomet.<ref name=bedini/> He was described as "one of the stoutest and most valiant sachems that belonged to the Narragansett."{{Sfn|Schultz|Tougias|2000|p=250}} He was friends with English settlers, but aligned himself with Metacomet when war broke out.{{Sfn|Schultz|Tougias|2000|p=250}}
==Early life== Pumham was allied with the Massachusetts Bay colony, who claimed the lands of Shawomet, today Warwick, Rhode Island.{{sfn|Ellis|Morris|1906|p=158}} The colony forbid anyone to live there without permission, and built a fort there to protect the area, the remains of which were still visible in 2000.{{Sfn|Schultz|Tougias|2000|p=250}}{{Sfn|Ellis|Morris|1906|p=258}}{{efn|A marker designating the site was erected, but has since been stolen.{{Sfn|Schultz|Tougias|2000|p=250}}}} This fort was built on the site of Pumham's village.{{Sfn|Ellis|Morris|1906|p=258}}
==King Phillip's War== {{main|King Phillip's War}} As tensions mounted, Pumham began encouraging defiance, and not peace, with the colonists.{{Sfn|Ellis|Morris|1906|p=196}} During the war, Pumham used the fort Shawomet.{{Sfn|Ellis|Morris|1906|p=258}}
On July 4, 1675, Governor John Leverett sent Edward Hutchinson to sign a treaty with the Narragansets whereby they would agree not to harbor any of Metacomet's people.{{Sfn|Church|1999|p=36}} Hutchinson decided "to treat with the Narragansets sword in hand,"{{Sfn|Church|1999|p=36}} and forced Pumham to sign on July 15.{{Sfn|Church|1999|p=56}} Pumham and his people ignored the treaty as soon as the colonists left.{{Sfn|Church|1999|p=36}}
Pumham was captured in Dedham, Massachusetts on July 25, 1676.{{Sfn|Church|1999|p=56}}<ref name=bedini/>{{Sfn|Schultz|Tougias|2000|p=250}}{{Sfn|Schultz|Tougias|2000|p=66}}{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=96}}{{Sfn|Ellis|Morris|1906|p=258}}{{Efn|Ellis and Morris have the date as July 27.{{Sfn|Ellis|Morris|1906|p=258}}}} Several Christian Indians had seen his band in the woods, including his son and other family members, nearly starved to death.{{Sfn|Ellis|Morris|1906|p=258}}{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=96}} Captain Samuel Hunting{{efn|The son of John Hunting.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=96}}}} led 36 men from Dedham and Medfield and joined 90 Indians on a hunt to find them.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=96}} A total of 15 of the Ponham's band were killed and 35 were captured.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=96}}{{Sfn|Ellis|Morris|1906|p=258}}{{Sfn|Schultz|Tougias|2000|p=66}} Pumham, with a bullet in his back and so wounded he could not stand, hid in the bushes with this hatchet.{{Sfn|Ellis|Morris|1906|p=258}}{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=96}} He grabbed hold of an English soldier and would have killed him had one of the settler's compatriots not come to his rescue.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=96}}{{Sfn|Ellis|Morris|1906|p=258}} Pumham died in the fight.{{sfn|Hanson|1976|p=96}}{{Sfn|Schultz|Tougias|2000|p=250}}{{Sfn|Church|1999|p=56}}
==Notes== {{notelist}}
==References== <references>
<ref name=bedini>{{cite journal | title = The History Corner: Joshua Fisher (1621-1672) Colonial Inn-keeper and Surveyor, Part 1 | journal = Professional Surveyor Magazine | issue= September | year = 2003 | first = Silvio A. | last = Bedini | url = https://archives.profsurv.com/magazine/article.aspx?i=1129 | accessdate = April 17, 2021 |authorlink = Silvio Bedini }}</ref>
</references>
==Works cited== *{{cite book|last=Hanson|first=Robert Brand |title=Dedham, Massachusetts, 1635-1890|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4oslAQAAMAAJ|year=1976|publisher=Dedham Historical Society}} *{{Cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=zYo6AAAAMAAJ&dq=hunting&pg=PA307 | title = King Philip's War: Based on the Archives and Records of Massachusetts, Plymouth, Rhode Island and Connecticut, and Contemporary Letters and Accounts, with Biographical and Topographical Notes | first1 = George William |last1 = Ellis | first2= John Emery | last2= Morris | publisher = Grafton Press | year = 1906 | isbn = 9783849672157 | accessdate = August 27, 2021 }} *{{cite book | title = King Philip's War: The History and Legacy of America's Forgotten Conflict | first1 = Eric B. | last1= Schultz | first2= Michael J. | last2 = Tougias | publisher = The Countryman Press | year = 2000 | isbn = 9780881504835 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=rrcczZ-Bx1kC&q=pumham+king+phillips+war | accessdate = August 27, 2021 }} *{{cite book| title = The History of Philip's War: Commonly Called the Great Indian War of 1675 and 1676 | first = Thomas | last = Church | publisher = Digital Scanning Inc | year = 1999 | isbn = 9781582181301 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=G5C4DwAAQBAJ }} * {{cite journal|title=Pomham And His Fort|pages=31–36|journal=Rhode Island Historical Society Collections|date=January 1918|volume=XI|issue=1|url=https://archive.org/details/rhodeislandhisto16rhod/page/n39}}
Category:Year of birth unknown Category:1676 deaths Category:People of King Philip's War Category:Chiefs of the Wampanoag Category:Native American history of Massachusetts Category:People from colonial Massachusetts Category:Native American people from Massachusetts