Ptisana

{{Short description|Genus of ferns}} {{automatic taxobox | image = Kingfern_Auckland.jpg | image_caption = King fern, ''Ptisana salicina'' | taxon = Ptisana | authority = Murdock | type_species =''Ptisana salicina'' | type_species_authority = (Sm.) Murdock | diversity = | diversity_link = | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text | synonyms= | synonyms_ref = }}

[[file:Ptisana fraxinea var salicifolia, sori, Iphithi NR, a.jpg|thumb|right|Sori of ''Ptisana salicifolia'']] '''''Ptisana''''' is a genus in the eusporangiate fern family Marattiaceae, comprising species historically treated in the genus ''Marattia''. The establishment of this genus follows the 2008 work by Andrew G. Murdock, which supported recognition of this group on the basis of genetic analysis and morphology.<ref name="Murdock 2008a">{{cite journal | last=Murdock | first=Andrew G.| year=2008 | title= A taxonomic revision of the eusporangiate fern family Marattiaceae, with description of a new genus Ptisana | journal=Taxon | volume= 57 | issue=3 | pages= 737–755 | doi=10.1002/tax.573007}}</ref><ref name="Murdock 2008b">{{cite journal | last=Murdock | first=Andrew G.| year=2008 | title= Phylogeny of marattioid ferns (Marattiaceae) inferring a root in the absence of a closely related outgroup. | journal=American Journal of Botany | volume= 95 | issue=5 | pages= 626–641 | doi=10.3732/ajb.2007308 | pmid=21632388}}</ref> ''Ptisana'' can be distinguished from ''Marattia'' by the presence of distinct sutures at the point of leaflet attachment, deeply cut synangia, and the absence of labiate sporangial apertures. The name ''Ptisana'' is derived from the Latin word for pearl barley, an allusion to the shape of the synangia.<ref name="Murdock 2008a"/>

''Ptisana'' has a palaeotropical distribution, with the westernmost extreme of the range in Ascension Island and extending eastward through tropical Africa, Asia, and Oceania. Ferns in this genus are generally quite large, with fronds often reaching 2–3 meters in length; the one known exception to this is ''Ptisana rolandi-principis'', a critically endangered dwarf species endemic to the Plateau de Dogny in New Caledonia.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Shepherd |first1=Lara D. |last2=Murdock |first2=Andrew G. |last3=Amice |first3=Rémy |last4=Perrie |first4=Leon R. |date=2023-02-20 |title=A synopsis of Ptisana Murdock ferns (Marattiaceae) in New Caledonia based on sequence data and morphology with the recognition of a new vulnerable species, P. soluta (Compton) Murdock & Perrie, comb. nov., stat. nov. |journal=Adansonia |volume=45 |issue=3 |doi=10.5252/adansonia2023v45a3 |s2cid=257914121 |issn=1280-8571|doi-access=free }}</ref> The basal chromosome number for ''Ptisana'' is ''2n=78'', whereas the one count for ''Marattia'' in the strict sense is ''2n=80''.<ref name="Smith 1977">{{cite journal | last=Smith | first=Alan R |author2=Mickel, John T | year=1977 | title= Chromosome counts for Mexican ferns | journal=Brittonia | volume= 29 | issue=4 | pages= 391–398 | doi=10.2307/2806481| jstor=2806481 | bibcode=1977Britt..29..391S | s2cid=24260292 }}</ref> The type species for the genus is ''Ptisana salicina,'' the type specimen of which was collected on Norfolk Island.<ref name="Murdock 2008a" />

==Species== {{As of|2024|6}}, World Ferns accepts the following 36 species:<ref name="HASSLER">{{cite web |last1=Hassler |first1=Michael |title=World Plants: Ferns and Lycophytes list |url=https://www.worldplants.de/world-ferns/ferns-and-lycophytes-list#1719299321 |website=World Ferns. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World |access-date=25 June 2024}}</ref> *''Ptisana africana'' Christenh. – East Africa *''Ptisana ambulans'' Murdock & C.W.Chen – Solomon Islands *''Ptisana attenutata'' (Labill.) Murdock – New Caledonia *''Ptisana boivinii'' (Mett. ex Kuhn) Senterre & Rouhan – Madagascar *''Ptisana boninensis'' (Nakai) Yonek. – Bonin Islands *''Ptisana costulisora'' (Altson) Murdock – New Guinea and nearby islands *''Ptisana decipiens'' Murdock & C.W.Chen – Solomon Islands *''Ptisana fraxinea'' (Sm.) Murdock – Africa to India, including Indian Ocean islands *''Ptisana grandifolia'' (Copel.) Murdock – New Guinea *''Ptisana howeana'' (W.R.B. Oliver) Murdock – Lord Howe Island *''Ptisana kingii'' (Copel.) Christenh. – New Guinea *''Ptisana koordersii'' (Alderw.) Christenh. – Sulawesi *''Ptisana laboudalloniana'' Senterre & I.Fabre – Seychelles *''Ptisana melanesica'' (Kuhn) Murdock – New Guinea and nearby islands *''Ptisana mertensiana'' (C.Presl) Murdock – Micronesia *''Ptisana novoguineensis'' (Rosenst.) Murdock – New Guinea *''Ptisana obesa'' (Christ) Murdock – New Guinea *''Ptisana odontosora'' (Christ) Senterre & Rouhan – Guinea *''Ptisana oreades'' (Domin) Murdock – northern Australia *''Ptisana papuana'' (Alderw.) Murdock & C.W.Chen – Solomon Islands *''Ptisana paleolata'' {{small|(Alderw.) Govaerts & Christenh.}} – Sumatra *''Ptisana pellucida'' (C.Presl) Murdock – Malaysia, Philippines *''Ptisana platybasis'' (Copel.) Murdock – New Guinea *''Ptisana purpurascens'' (de Vriese) Murdock – Ascension Island *''Ptisana rigida'' (Alderw.) Murdock – New Guinea, Sulawesi *''Ptisana robusta'' (Altson) Senterre & I.Fabre – São Tomé *''Ptisana rolandi-principis'' (Rosenst.) Christenh. – New Caledonia *''Ptisana salicifolia'' (Schrad.) Senterre & Rouhan – South Africa, Zimbabwe, Malawi and Mozambique *''Ptisana salicina'' (Sm.) Murdock – king fern; South Pacific islands, including New Guinea *''Ptisana sambucina'' (Blume) Murdock – Malesia and Vietnam *''Ptisana senterreana'' Christenh. – Cameroon, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea *''Ptisana smithii'' (Mett. ex Kuhn) Murdock – Vanuatu, Fiji, Samoa, Tonga *''Ptisana soluta'' (Compton) Murdock & Perrie – New Caledonia *''Ptisana squamosa'' (Christ) Murdock – New Guinea *''Ptisana sylvatica'' (Blume) Murdock – Malesia *''Ptisana ternatea'' (de Vriese) Murdock – Moluccas, New Guinea, the Philippines

==Phylogeny== Phylogeny of ''Ptisana''<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nitta |first1=Joel H. |last2=Schuettpelz |first2=Eric |last3=Ramírez-Barahona |first3=Santiago |last4=Iwasaki |first4=Wataru |display-authors=et al. |year=2022 |title=An Open and Continuously Updated Fern Tree of Life |journal=Frontiers in Plant Science |volume=13 |issue= |article-number= 909768| doi=10.3389/fpls.2022.909768 |pmid= 36092417|pmc= 9449725|bibcode= |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1= |first1= |last2= |display-authors=et al. |year=2024 |title=Tree viewer: interactive visualization of FTOL |url=https://fernphy.github.io/viewer.html |version=FTOL v1.7.0 (GenBank release 261) |access-date=1 May 2025}}</ref> {{clade|style=font-size:90%;line-height:80%;width:350px |1={{Clade |1={{Clade |1=''P. fraxinea'' |2=''P. purpurascens'' }} |2={{Clade |1=''P. salicifolia'' |2={{Clade |1=''P. oreades'' |2={{Clade |1={{Clade |1=''P. salicina'' |2=''P. smithii'' }} |2={{Clade |1={{Clade |1=''P. attenuata'' |2=''P. squamosa'' }} |2={{Clade |1={{Clade |1=''P. rolandi-principis'' |2={{Clade |1=''P. boninensis'' |2={{Clade |1={{Clade |1=''P. papuana'' |2=''P. novoguineensis'' }} |2={{Clade |1=''P. melanesica'' |2=''P. sambucina'' }} }} }} }} |2={{Clade |1=''P. howeana'' |2={{Clade |1=''P. pellucida'' |2={{Clade |1=''P. mertensiana'' |2={{Clade |1=''P. sylvatica'' |2={{Clade |1=''P. ambulans'' |2=''P. decipiens'' }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}

==References== {{Reflist}}

Category:Ptisana Category:Fern genera Category:Taxa described in 2008 Category:Long stubs with short prose {{fern-stub}}