{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}} {{Expand French|topic=scitech|date=March 2021}} {{Speciesbox | image = Bois Bigaignon - Psiloxylon mauritianum - Ferney Mauritius 2.jpg | image_caption = ''Psiloxylon mauritianum'' tree growing in Vallée de Ferney reserve, Mauritius. | display_parents = 3 | grandparent_authority = A.J.Scott | genus = Psiloxylon | parent_authority = Thouars ex Tul. | species = mauritianum | authority = (Bouton ex Hook.f.) Baill. | synonyms = ''Fropiera mauritiana'' {{au|Bouton ex Hook. f.}} }}
'''''Psiloxylon mauritianum''''' (known locally as "bois bigaignon") is a species of flowering plant, the sole species of the genus '''''Psiloxylon'''''. It is endemic to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the Indian Ocean.<ref name=Sorres>{{cite journal|doi=10.3390/molecules25163565|title=Potent and Non-Cytotoxic Antibacterial Compounds Against Methicillin-Resistant ''Staphylococcus aureus'' Isolated from ''Psiloxylon mauritianum'', A Medicinal Plant from Reunion Island|year=2020|last1=Sorres|first1=Jonathan|last2=André|first2=Amandine|last3=Elslande|first3=Elsa Van|last4=Stien|first4=Didier|last5=Eparvier|first5=Véronique|journal=Molecules|volume=25|issue=16|page=3565|s2cid=221076087|doi-access=free|pmid=32764510 |pmc=7465348 }}</ref>
It is a white-barked evergreen tree, bearing essential oils. It is dioecious,<ref name=Sorres/> with male and female flowers on separate individuals. It is traditionally used as a medicinal plant, and appears contain compounds that inhibit the growth of ''Staphylococcus aureus''.<ref name= Sorres/>
It was formerly placed alone in family '''Psiloxylaceae''', but is now considered a basal member of the family Myrtaceae.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=P. G. Wilson |author2=M. M. O'Brien |author3=M. M. Heslewood |author4=C. J. Quinn |year=2004 |title=Relationships within Myrtaceae sensu lato based on a ''matK'' phylogeny |journal=Plant Systematics and Evolution |volume=251 |pages=3–19 |doi=10.1007/s00606-004-0162-y|s2cid=23470845 }}</ref>
==References== {{Reflist}}
*{{Commons category-inline|Psiloxylon mauritianum}} *{{Wikispecies-inline}}
{{Taxonbar|from1=Q1341366|from2=Q17444200|from3=Q9064078}}
Category:Monotypic Myrtaceae genera Category:Myrtaceae Category:Taxa named by Henri Ernest Baillon Category:Taxa named by Joseph Dalton Hooker Category:Flora of Mauritius Category:Flora of Réunion Category:Dioecious plants Category:Endemic flora of the Mascarene Islands