List of Quercus species

{{Short description|Oaks and related plants}} {{See also|Wikispecies:Quercus}} The genus ''Quercus'' contains about 500 known species, plus about 180 hybrids between them.{{r|powo}} The genus, as is the case with many large genera, is divided into subgenera and sections. Traditionally, the genus ''Quercus'' was divided into the two subgenera ''Cyclobalanopsis'', the ring-cupped oaks, and ''Quercus'', which included all the other sections. However, a comprehensive revision in 2017 identified different relationships.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/> Now the genus is commonly divided into a subgenus ''Quercus'' and a subgenus ''Cerris'', with ''Cyclobalanopsis'' included in the latter. The sections of subgenus ''Quercus'' are mostly native to the New World, with the notable exception of the white oaks of sect. ''Quercus'' and the endemic ''Quercus pontica''. In contrast, the sections of the subgenus ''Cerris'' are exclusively native to the Old World.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/>

Unless otherwise indicated, the lists which follow contain all the species accepted by Plants of the World Online {{As of|2023|February|lc=yes}}, plus selected hybrids that are also accepted,{{r|powo}} with placement into sections based on a list produced by Denk et al. for their 2017 classification of the genus.<ref name=DenkApp21/>

==Legend== Species with evergreen foliage ("live oaks") are tagged '#'. Species in the genus have been recategorized between deciduous and evergreen on numerous occasions, although this does not necessarily mean that species in the two groups are closely related.

==Subgenus ''Quercus''==

=== Section ''Quercus'' === {{See also|Quercus subg. Quercus#Section Quercus|l1=''Quercus'' subg. ''Quercus'' § Section ''Quercus''}} Section ''Mesobalanus'' was included in section ''Quercus'' in the 2017 classification used here. Other synonyms include ''Q.'' sect. ''Albae'' and ''Q.'' sect. ''Macrocarpae''. The section comprises the white oaks from Europe, Asia, north Africa, Central and North America.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/> Styles short; acorns mature in 6 months, sweet or slightly bitter, inside of acorn shell hairless.{{citation needed|date=February 2023}} {{Div col|colwidth=30em}} *''Quercus aculcingensis'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus ajoensis'' C.H.Mull. – Ajo Mountain shrub oak, Blue shrub oak – Arizona, New Mexico, Baja California *''Quercus alba'' L. – white oak – eastern and central North America *''Quercus aliena'' Blume – Oriental white oak – eastern Asia *''Quercus alpescens'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus ariifolia'' Trel. – Mexico (Sierra Madre Oriental) *''Quercus arizonica'' Sarg. – Arizona white oak – # southwestern U.S., northwestern Mexico *''Quercus austrina'' Small – bluff oak – southeastern North America *''Quercus'' × ''basaseachicensis'' C.H.Mull. – Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango) *''Quercus'' × ''bebbiana'' C.K.Schneid. — Bebb's oak — northeastern North America *''Quercus berberidifolia'' Liebm. – California scrub oak – # California *''Quercus bicolor'' Willd. – swamp white oak – eastern and midwestern North America *''Quercus'' × ''bimundorum'' E.J.Palmer - two worlds oak - U.S. *''Quercus boyntonii'' Beadle – Boynton's post oak – south central North America *''Quercus canariensis'' Willd. – Mirbeck's oak or Algerian oak – # North Africa & Spain *''Quercus carmenensis'' C.H.Mull. – Carmen oak – Coahuila and Texas *''Quercus'' × ''cerrioides'' Willk. & Costa – east Spain *''Quercus chapmanii'' Sarg. – Chapman oak – # southeastern U.S. *''Quercus chartacea'' Trel. – Southern Mexico *''Quercus chihuahuensis'' Trel. – Chihuahua oak – northern Mexico and Texas *''Quercus congesta'' C.Presl – Italy *''Quercus convallata'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus copeyensis'' C.H.Mull. – # Costa Rica, Panama *''Quercus cornelius-mulleri'' Nixon & K.P.Steele – Muller oak – # southwestern North America *''Quercus corrugata'' Hook. – Mexico, Central America *''Quercus dalechampii'' Ten. – southeastern Europe *''Quercus deliquescens'' C.H.Mull. – Mexico *''Quercus dentata'' Thunb. – daimyo oak – eastern Asia *''Quercus depressipes'' Trel. – Davis Mountain oak – northern Mexico and Texas *''Quercus deserticola'' Trel. – # Mexico *''Quercus diversifolia'' Née – Mexico *''Quercus douglasii'' Hook. & Arn. – blue oak – California *''Quercus dumosa'' Nutt. – coastal scrub oak – # southern California, Baja California, Arizona *''Quercus durata'' Jeps. – leather oak – # California *''Quercus edwardsiae'' C.H.Mull. – Mexico *''Quercus engelmannii'' Greene – Engelmann oak – # southern California, Baja California *''Quercus estremadurensis'' O.Schwarz – Portugal, Spain, Morocco *''Quercus fabrei'' Hance – Faber's oak – central to southern China *''Quercus faginea'' Lam. – Portuguese oak – # southwestern Europe *''Quercus frainetto'' Ten. — Hungarian oak — southeastern Europe *''Quercus frutex'' Trel. – Mexico *†''Quercus furuhjelmi'' — Eocene to Miocene - Alaska, Kazakhstan *''Quercus gambelii'' Nutt. – Gambel oak – southwestern North America *''Quercus garryana'' Douglas ex Hook. – Oregon white oak or Garry oak – western North America *''Quercus germana'' Schltdl. & Cham. – Mexico *''Quercus glabrescens'' Benth. – Mexico *''Quercus glaucescens'' Bonpl. – encino blanco – Mexico *''Quercus glaucoides'' M.Martens & Galeotti – # Mexico *''Quercus greggii'' (A.DC.) Trel. – # Mexico *''Quercus griffithii'' Hook.f. & Thomson ex Miq. – southeast Asia *''Quercus grisea'' Liebm. – gray oak – # southwestern North America *''Quercus hartwissiana'' Steven – Strandzha oak – southeastern Bulgaria, northern Turkey, western Georgia, southwestern Russia *''Quercus havardii'' Rydb. – Havard oak, shinnery oak, shin oak – south central North America *†''Quercus hiholensis'' — Miocene — # Washington State<ref name="Borgardt1999">{{cite journal |last1=Borgardt |first1=S. J. |last2=Pigg |first2=K. B. |year=1999 |title=Anatomical and developmental study of petrified ''Quercus'' (Fagaceae) fruits from the Middle Miocene, Yakima Canyon, Washington, USA |journal=American Journal of Botany |volume=86 |issue=3 |pages=307–325 |doi=10.2307/2656753|jstor=2656753 |pmid=10077494 |doi-access= }}</ref> *''Quercus hinckleyi'' C.H.Mull. – Hinckley oak – # Texas, northwestern Mexico *''Quercus ichnusae'' Mossa, Bacch. & Brullo – Sardinia *''Quercus infectoria'' G.Olivier – Aleppo oak, Cyprus oak – southern Europe, southwestern Asia *''Quercus insignis'' M.Martens & Galeotti – Mexico, Belize, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Panama *''Quercus intricata'' Trel. – Coahuila scrub oak – # two isolated localities in west Texas, northern Mexico *''Quercus invaginata'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus john-tuckeri'' Nixon & C.H.Mull. – Tucker's oak – California *''Quercus juergensenii'' Liebm. – Mexico *''Quercus kotschyana'' O.Schwarz – Lebanon *''Quercus laceyi'' Small – lacey oak – Edwards Plateau of Texas, northern Mexico *''Quercus laeta'' Liebm. – Mexico *''Quercus lancifolia'' Schltdl. & Cham. – southwestern North America, Mexico, South America *''Quercus liebmannii'' Oerst. ex Trel. — Mexico *''Quercus lobata'' Née – valley oak or California white oak – California *''Quercus lusitanica'' Lam. – gall oak or Lusitanian oak – Iberia, North Africa *''Quercus lyrata'' Walter – overcup oak – eastern North America *''Quercus'' × ''macdonaldii'' Greene & Kellogg – California *''Quercus macdougallii'' Martínez – Mexico *''Quercus macranthera'' Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Hohen. – Caucasian oak or Persian oak – western Asia *''Quercus macrocarpa'' Michx. – bur oak – eastern and central North America *''Quercus magnoliifolia'' Née – Mexico *''Quercus manzanillana'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus margarettae'' (also ''Q. margaretiae'' and ''Q. margarettiae'') — sand post oak — southeastern North America *''Quercus martinezii'' C.H.Mull. – # Mexico *''Quercus michauxii'' Nutt. – swamp chestnut oak – eastern North America *''Quercus microphylla'' Née – Mexico *''Quercus mohriana'' Buckley ex Rydb. – Mohr oak – # southwestern North America *''Quercus mongolica'' Fisch. ex Ledeb. – Mongolian oak – eastern Asia *''Quercus monnula'' Y.C.Hsu & H.Wei Jen – south-central China *''Quercus montana'' Willd. – chestnut oak – eastern North America (= ''Quercus prinus'') *''Quercus muehlenbergii'' Engelm. – Chinkapin oak – eastern, central, and southwestern US (West Texas and New Mexico), northern Mexico *''Quercus ningqiangensis'' S.Z.Qu & W.H.Zhang – southeastern China *''Quercus oblongifolia'' Torr. – Arizona blue oak, Southwestern blue oak, or Mexican blue oak – # southwestern U.S., northwestern Mexico *''Quercus obtusata'' Bonpl. – Mexico *''Quercus oglethorpensis'' W.H.Duncan – Oglethorpe oak – southeastern North America *''Quercus oocarpa'' Liebm. – Mexico *''Quercus opaca'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus pacifica'' Nixon & C.H.Mull. – # Channel Islands, California *''Quercus peduncularis'' Née – # Central America *''Quercus perpallida'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus petraea'' (Matt.) Liebl. – sessile oak, durmast oak – Europe, Anatolia **''Quercus petraea'' subsp. ''polycarpa'' (Schur) Soó - Georgian oak - Austria to Iran and the Caucasus **''Quercus petraea'' subsp. ''pinnatiloba'' (K.Koch) Menitsky - Lebanon-Syria, Turkey, South Caucasus *''Quercus polymorpha'' Schltdl. & Cham. – Monterrey oak, Mexican white oak – # Mexico and extreme S. Texas *''Quercus porphyrogenita'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus potosina'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus praeco'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus pringlei'' Seemen ex Loes. – Mexico *''Quercus prinoides'' Willd. – dwarf chinkapin oak – eastern North America *''Quercus pubescens'' Willd. – downy oak or Italian oak – Europe, Anatolia *''Quercus pungens'' Liebm. – sandpaper oak or pungens oak – southwestern U.S., Mexico *''Quercus purulhana'' Trel. – Mexico, Central America *''Quercus pyrenaica'' Willd. – Pyrenean oak – southwestern Europe *''Quercus rekonis'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus repanda'' Bonpl. – Mexico *''Quercus resinosa'' Liebm. – Mexico *''Quercus robur'' L. – pedunculate oak, English oak or French oak – Europe, West Asia *''Quercus rugosa'' Née – netleaf oak or Rugosa oak – # southwestern U.S., northwestern Mexico *''Quercus'' × ''schuettei'' Trel. — Schuette's oak — US, Canada *''Quercus sebifera'' Trel. – # Mexico *''Quercus segoviensis'' Liebm. – Mexico and northern Central America *''Quercus serrata'' Murray – bao li – # China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea *''Quercus shennongii'' C.C.Huang & S.H.Fu – southeastern China *''Quercus shingjenensis'' Y.T.Chang – China (Guizhou) *''Quercus similis'' Ashe – swamp post oak – southeastern North America *''Quercus sinuata'' Walter – bastard oak – southern US (formerly identified as ''Quercus durandii'') *''Quercus sororia'' Liebm. – Mexico *''Quercus stellata'' Wangenh. – post oak – eastern North America *''Quercus striatula'' Trel. – Mexico (Sierra Madre Occidental and Mexican Plateau ranges) *''Quercus subspathulata'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus supranitida'' C.H.Mull. – Mexico *''Quercus tinkhamii'' C.H.Mull. — Mexico *''Quercus toumeyi'' Sarg. — Toumey oak — # southwest New Mexico, southeastern Arizona, northern Mexico *''Quercus tuberculata'' Liebm. — Mexico *''Quercus turbinella'' Greene — turbinella oak, Arizona Blue Shrub oak, Shrub live oak or scrub live oak — # southwestern North America *''Quercus vaseyana'' Buckley — Vasey oak — # southwestern North America *''Quercus verde'' C.H.Mull. — Mexico *''Quercus vicentensis'' Trel. — El Salvador, Guatemala, and southern Mexico *''Quercus vulcanica'' Boiss. & Heldr. ex Kotschy — Kasnak oak — southwestern Asia *''Quercus welshii'' R.A.Denham — havard oak, Utah sand oak, wavy leaf oak — # southwestern North America *''Quercus wutaishanica'' Mayr — Liaoning oak — China, Mongolia *''Quercus xylina'' Scheidw. — Mexico<ref name=Carr20/> {{Div col end}} [[file:Quercus hiholensis acorn UWBM 56470-3 Pigg & Wehr 2002 Plt2 fig16.png|thumb|right|upright|{{extinct}}''Quercus hiholensis'' acorn in matrix]]

=== Section ''Ponticae'' === {{See also|Quercus subg. Quercus#Section Ponticae|l1=''Quercus'' subg. ''Quercus'' § Section ''Ponticae''}} Species are native to Western Asia and Western North America. They produce catkins up to 10cm long; the acorns mature annually.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/>

* ''Quercus pontica'' — Pontine oak — western Asia * ''Quercus sadleriana'' — deer oak — # southwestern Oregon, northern California

=== Section ''Protobalanus'' === {{See also|Quercus subg. Quercus#Section Protobalanus|l1=''Quercus'' subg. ''Quercus'' § Section ''Protobalanus''}} The '''intermediate oaks'''. Southwest USA and northwest Mexico. Styles short, acorns mature in 18 months, very bitter, inside of acorn shell woolly.{{citation needed|date=March 2023}} {{Div col|colwidth=30em}} * ''Quercus cedrosensis'' — Cedros Island oak — # California, Baja California * ''Quercus chrysolepis'' — canyon live oak — # southwestern North America * ''Quercus palmeri'' — Palmer oak — # California, western Arizona * ''Quercus tomentella'' — island oak — # Channel Islands of California, Baja California (Guadalupe Island) * ''Quercus vacciniifolia'' — huckleberry oak — # southwestern North America {{Div col end}}

=== Section ''Lobatae'' === {{See also|Quercus subg. Quercus#Section Lobatae|l1=''Quercus'' subg. ''Quercus'' § Section ''Lobatae''}} The '''red oaks''' (synonym sect. ''Erythrobalanus''), native to North, Central and South America.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/> Styles long, acorns mature in 18 months (in most species),<ref>Kershner, Bruce, and Craig Tufts. ''National Wildlife Federation Field Guide to Trees of North America''. New York: Sterling Pub., 2008. Print.</ref> very bitter, inside of acorn shell woolly.{{citation needed|date=March 2023}} {{Div col|colwidth=30em}} *''Quercus acatenangensis'' Trel. – Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador *''Quercus acerifolia'' (E.J.Palmer) Stoynoff & W.J.Hess ex R.J.Jensen – maple-leaved oak or mapleleaf oak – Arkansas *''Quercus acherdophylla'' Trel. – # Mexico *''Quercus acutangula'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus acutifolia'', syn. ''Quercus conspersa'' — Mexico *''Quercus aerea'' Trel. — Mexico *''Quercus affinis'' Scheidw. – # Mexico *''Quercus agrifolia'' Née – coast live oak – # California, northern Baja California *''Quercus albocincta'' Trel. – Mexico (Sierra Madre Occidental) *''Quercus aristata'' Hook. & Arn. – Mexico *''Quercus arkansana'' Sarg. – Arkansas oak – southeastern North America *''Quercus benthamii'' A.DC. – # southern Mexico and Central America *''Quercus brenesii'' Trel. – Costa Rica, Mexico *''Quercus buckleyi'' Nixon & Dorr – Texas red oak – south central North America *''Quercus calophylla'' Schltdl. & Cham. — Mexico *''Quercus canbyi'' Trel. (syn. ''Quercus graciliformis'') – Canby oak or Mexican red oak – # Texas, Mexico *''Quercus castanea'' Née – # Mexico *''Quercus charcasana'' Trel. ex A.Camus – Mexico *''Quercus chimaltenangana'' Trel. – Guatemala *''Quercus coahuilensis'' Nixon & C.H.Mull. – Mexico *''Quercus coccinea'' Münchh. – scarlet oak – eastern North America *''Quercus coffeicolor'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus confertifolia'' Bonpl. (syn. ''Quercus gentryi'') — Mexico *''Quercus conzattii'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus cortesii'' Liebm. – # southern Mexico and Central America *''Quercus costaricensis'' Liebm. – # Costa Rica, Panama *''Quercus crassifolia'' Bonpl. – Mexico *''Quercus crassipes'' Bonpl. – Mexico *''Quercus crispifolia'' Trel. — Mexico *''Quercus crispipilis'' Trel. – Mexico, Guatemala *''Quercus cualensis'' L.M.González – # Mexico (Sierra Madre del Sur) *''Quercus delgadoana'' S.Valencia, Nixon & L.M.Kelly – Mexico *''Quercus depressa'' Bonpl. – Mexico *''Quercus devia'' Goldman – Mexico (Baja California Peninsula) *''Quercus durifolia'' Seemen ex Loes. – Mexico (Sierra Madre Occidental) *''Quercus'' × ''dysophylla'' — Mexico *''Quercus eduardi'' Trel. — Mexico *''Quercus ellipsoidalis'' E.J.Hill – northern pin oak – eastern North America *''Quercus elliptica'' Née – Mexico *''Quercus emoryi'' Torr. – Emory oak – # southwestern U.S., northern Mexico *''Quercus falcata'' Michx. – southern red oak or Spanish oak – southeastern North America *''Quercus floccosa'' Liebm. – Mexico *''Quercus flocculenta'' C.H.Mull. — Mexico *''Quercus fulva'' Liebm. – Mexico *''Quercus furfuracea'' Liebm. – Mexico *''Quercus galeanensis'' C.H.Mull. – Mexico *''Quercus georgiana'' M.A.Curtis – Georgia oak – southeastern North America *''Quercus gracilior'' C.H.Mull. – Honduras *''Quercus grahamii'' Benth. – Mexico *''Quercus gravesii'' Sudw. – Chisos red oak or Graves oak – Mexico, southwestern North America (Texas) *''Quercus gulielmi-treleasei'' C.H.Mull. – Costa Rica to western Panama *''Quercus hemisphaerica'' W.Bartram ex Willd. – laurel oak or Darlington oak – # southeastern North America *''Quercus hintonii'' E.F.Warb. – Mexico *''Quercus hintoniorum'' Nixon & C.H.Mull. – # Mexico *''Quercus hirtifolia'' M.L.Vázquez, S.Valencia & Nixon – # Mexico *''Quercus humboldtii'' Bonpl. – Andean oak – # northern South America (Colombia & Panama) *''Quercus hypoleucoides'' A.Camus – silverleaf oak – # southwestern North America *''Quercus hypoxantha'' Trel. – # Mexico *''Quercus ignaciensis'' C.H.Mull. – Sonora *''Quercus ilicifolia'' Wangenh. – bear oak – eastern North America *''Quercus iltisii'' L.M.González – western Mexico *''Quercus imbricaria'' Michx. – shingle oak – eastern North America *''Quercus incana'' W.Bartram – bluejack oak – southeastern North America *''Quercus inopina'' Ashe – sandhill oak – Florida *''Quercus jonesii'' Trel. – northern Mexico *''Quercus kelloggii'' Newb. – California black oak – California, southwestern Oregon *''Quercus laevis'' Walter – turkey oak – southeastern North America *''Quercus laurifolia'' Michx. – laurel oak – # southeastern North America *''Quercus laurina'' Bonpl. – # Mexico *''Quercus marilandica'' (L.) Münchh. – blackjack oak – eastern North America *''Quercus mcvaughii'' Spellenb. (orth. var. ''Q. macvaughii'') — Mexico (northern and central Sierra Madre Occidental) *''Quercus mexicana'' Bonpl. – Mexico *''Quercus miquihuanensis'' Nixon & C.H.Mull. – Mexico (Sierra Madre Oriental) *''Quercus mulleri'' Martínez – Mexico *''Quercus myrtifolia'' Willd. – myrtle oak – # southeastern North America *''Quercus nigra'' L. – water oak – # eastern North America *''Quercus nixoniana'' S.Valencia & Lozada-Pérez – Mexico *''Quercus pagoda'' Raf. – cherrybark oak – southeastern North America *''Quercus palustris'' Münchh. – pin oak – eastern North America *''Quercus panamandinaea'' C.H.Mull. – Panama *''Quercus parvula'' Greene – Shreve oak, Santa Cruz Island oak – # coastal California *''Quercus paxtalensis'' C.H.Mull. – Mexico *''Quercus peninsularis'' Trel. – Mexico (Baja California) *''Quercus pennivenia'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus phellos'' L. – willow oak – eastern North America *''Quercus pinnativenulosa'' C.H.Mull. – Mexico *''Quercus planipocula'' Trel. – western Mexico *''Quercus pumila'' Walter – runner oak – # southeastern North America *''Quercus radiata'' Trel. – Mexico (southern Sierra Madre Occidental) *''Quercus robusta'' C.H.Mull. – Chisos Mountains of Texas *''Quercus rubra'' L. – northern red oak – eastern North America *''Quercus rubramenta'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus runcinatifolia'' Trel. & C.H.Mull. – Mexico *''Quercus rysophylla'' Weath. – loquat-leaf oak – # Mexico *''Quercus salicifolia'' Née – # Mexico *''Quercus saltillensis'' Trel. — Mexico *''Quercus sapotifolia'' Liebm. – # southern Mexico, Central America *''Quercus sartorii'' Liebm. – Mexico *''Quercus scytophylla'' Liebm. — Mexico *''Quercus seemannii'' Liebm. – southeastern Mexico and Central America *''Quercus shumardii'' Buckley – Shumard oak – eastern North America *''Quercus sideroxyla'' Bonpl. – Mexico *''Quercus skinneri'' Benth. – Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Tamaulipas, Veracruz) Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras *''Quercus tarahumara'' Spellenb., J.D.Bacon & Breedlove – Mexico *''Quercus tardifolia'' C.H.Mull. – lateleaf oak – # two small clumps in Chisos Mountains of Texas *''Quercus texana'' Buckley – Nuttall's oak – south central North America (Lower Mississippi River Valley) *''Quercus tonduzii'' Seemen – Costa Rica *''Quercus tuitensis'' L.M.González — Mexico *''Quercus urbani'' Trel. – Mexico *''Quercus uxoris'' McVaugh – Mexico *''Quercus velutina'' Lam. – black oak or eastern black oak or dyer's oak – eastern North America *''Quercus viminea'' Trel. – # Mexico *''Quercus wislizeni'' A.DC. – interior live oak – # California *''Quercus xalapensis'' Bonpl. – Mexico, Central America {{Div col end}}

=== Section ''Virentes'' === {{See also|Quercus subg. Quercus#Section Virentes|l1=''Quercus'' subg. ''Quercus'' § Section ''Virentes''}} Section ''Virentes'' has also been treated at lower ranks. Species are native south-eastern Northern America, Mexico, the West Indies (Cuba), and Central America.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/> A 2017 classification included seven species:<ref name=DenkApp21/> {{Div col|colwidth=30em}} *''Quercus brandegeei'' Goldman – Brandegee oak- Baja California Sur *''Quercus fusiformis'' Small – Texas live oak or plateau live oak – # south central North America *''Quercus geminata'' Small – sand live oak – # southeastern United States *''Quercus minima'' (Sarg.) Small – dwarf live oak – # southeastern North America *''Quercus oleoides'' Schltdl. & Cham. – # from Costa Rica into Mexico *''Quercus sagraeana'' (also spelt ''Q. sagrana'') – Cuban oak – # western Cuba *''Quercus virginiana'' Mill. – southern live oak – # southeastern North America {{Div col end}}

== Subgenus ''Cerris'' ==

=== Section ''Cerris'' === {{See also|Quercus subg. Cerris#Section Cerris|l1=''Quercus'' subg. ''Cerris'' § Section ''Cerris''}} Species are native to Europe, north Africa and Asia.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/> Styles long; acorns mature in 18 months, very bitter, inside of acorn shell hairless or slightly hairy.{{citation needed|date=March 2023}}

{{Div col|colwidth=30em}} *''Quercus acutissima'' Carruth. – sawtooth oak – # China (including Tibet), Korea, Japan, Indochina, the Himalayas (Nepal, Bhutan, northeastern India). *''Quercus afares'' Pomel – African oak – North Africa *''Quercus brantii'' Lindl. – Persian oak – southwestern Asia *''Quercus castaneifolia'' C.A.Mey. – chestnut-leaved oak – Caucasus, Iran (Persia) *''Quercus cerris'' L. – Turkey oak – southern Europe, southwestern Asia *''Quercus chenii'' Nakai – SE China *''Quercus'' × ''crenata'' Lam. – Spanish oak – France, mainland Italy, Sicily, former Yugoslavia *''Quercus gussonei'' {{small|(Borzì) Brullo}} – northern Sicily *''Quercus apiculata'' Djav.-Khoie – northwestern Iran *''Quercus carduchorum'' Koch – northwestern Iran *''Quercus ithaburensis'' Decne. – southeastern Europe, southwestern Asia **''Quercus ithaburensis'' subsp. ''ithaburensis'' — Mount Tabor's oak — Levant and southeast Anatolia **''Quercus ithaburensis'' subsp. ''macrolepis'', syn. ''Quercus macrolepis'' — Vallonea oak — # southeastern Europe, Anatolia *''Quercus libani'' G.Olivier – Lebanon oak – southwestern Asia *''Quercus look'' Kotschy – Levant *''Quercus magnosquamata'' Djav.-Khoie – northwestern Iran *''Quercus ophiosquamata'' Djav.-Khoie – northwestern Iran *''Quercus persica'' Jaub. & Spach – western Iran *''Quercus suber'' L. – cork oak – # southwestern Europe, northwestern Africa *''Quercus trojana'' Webb – Macedonian oak – # southeastern Europe *''Quercus ungeri'' Kotschy – northwestern Iran *''Quercus variabilis'' Blume – Chinese cork oak – eastern Asia {{Div col end}}

=== Section ''Ilex'' === {{See also|Quercus subg. Cerris#Section Ilex|l1=''Quercus'' subg. ''Cerris'' § Section ''Ilex''}} Species in section ''Ilex'' are native to Eurasia and northern Africa.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/> Styles medium-long; acorns mature in 12–24 months, appearing hairy on the inside. Evergreen leaves, with bristle-like extensions on the teeth. (Sister group to sect. ''Cerris'' and sometimes included in it.){{citation needed|date=February 2023}} {{Div col|colwidth=30em}} *''Quercus acrodonta'' Seemen — # China *''Quercus alnifolia'' Poech — golden oak — # Cyprus *''Quercus aquifolioides'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson — # China (including Tibet) *''Quercus aucheri'' Jaub. & Spach – eastern Aegean Islands and southwestern Turkey *''Quercus baloot'' Griff. – Afghanistan to western Himalayas *''Quercus baronii'' Skan – China *''Quercus bawanglingensis'' {{small|C.C.Huang, Ze X.Li & F.W.Xing}} – # Hainan *''Quercus coccifera'' L., syn. ''Quercus calliprinos'' Webb – kermes oak – # southern Europe *''Quercus cocciferoides'' Hand.-Mazz. – south-central China *''Quercus dolicholepis'' A.Camus – China *''Quercus engleriana'' Seemen – Tibet and southern China *''Quercus fimbriata'' Y.C.Hsu & H.Wei Jen – south-central China *''Quercus floribunda'' Lindl. ex A.Camus – Moru oak – # Himalayas *''Quercus franchetii'' Skan – China, eastern Asia *''Quercus gilliana'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson – Tibet and China (Sichuan, Yunnan, and Gansu) *''Quercus guyavifolia'' H.Lév. – China *''Quercus handeliana'' A.Camus – China (Yunnan) *''Quercus ilex'' L. – holly oak or holm oak – # southern Europe *''Quercus kingiana'' Craib – south-Central China, Myanmar, and Thailand *''Quercus kongshanensis'' Y.C.Hsu & H.Wei Jen – China (Sichuan) *''Quercus lanata'' Sm. – woolly-leaved oak – # Himalayas, southeast Asia *''Quercus leucotrichophora'' A.Camus – Banj oak, blackjack oak, grey oak – # Himalayas *''Quercus lodicosa'' O.E.Warb. & E.F.Warb. – Assam, southeastern Tibet, northern Myanmar *''Quercus longispica'' (Hand.-Mazz.) A.Camus – China (Yunnan and Sichuan) *''Quercus marlipoensis'' Hu & W.C.Cheng – China (Yunnan) *''Quercus monimotricha'' (Hand.-Mazz.) Hand.-Mazz. – south-central China and northern Myanmar *''Quercus oxyphylla'' (E.H.Wilson) Hand.-Mazz. – China *''Quercus pannosa'' Hand.-Mazz. # – China *''Quercus phillyreoides'' A.Gray – Southern China, Ryukyu Islands, Japan *''Quercus pseudococcifera'' Desf. – Iberia, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Sardinia, Sicily *''Quercus rehderiana'' Hand.-Mazz. – Tibet to China (Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou) *''Quercus rotundifolia'' Lam. – ballota oak or holm oak – # Iberian peninsula, northwestern Africa *''Quercus semecarpifolia'' Sm. – brown oak or Kharshu oak – # Himalayas *''Quercus senescens'' Hand.-Mazz. – Eastern Himalayas, Tibet, south-central China *''Quercus setulosa'' Hickel & A.Camus – # Laos, Vietnam *''Quercus spinosa'' David – China, Myanmar *''Quercus tarokoensis'' Hayata – eastern Taiwan *''Quercus tungmaiensis'' Y.T.Chang – Arunachal Pradesh and southeastern Tibet *''Quercus utilis'' Hu & W.C.Cheng – China (Yunnan, Guizhou, and Guangxi) *''Quercus yiwuensis'' Y.C.Hsu & H.Wei Jen – China (Yunnan) {{Div col end}}

=== Section ''Cyclobalanopsis'' === {{See also|Quercus subg. Cerris#Section Cyclobalanopsis|l1=''Quercus'' subg. ''Cerris'' § Section ''Cyclobalanopsis''}} The '''ring-cupped oaks''' (synonym genus ''Cyclobalanopsis''), native to eastern and southeastern tropical Asia. They have corns with distinctive cups bearing concrescent rings of scales.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/> They commonly also have densely clustered acorns, though this does not apply to all of the species.{{citation needed|date=March 2023}} About 90 species.<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17/> ; Species {{Div col|colwidth=30em}} *''Quercus acuta'' Thunb. – Japanese evergreen oak. # Japan, Korea *''Quercus albicaulis'' Chun & W.C.Ko – # China *''Quercus annulata'' Sm. – # The Himalayas to Vietnam *''Quercus arbutifolia'' Hickel & A.Camus – # Vietnam (endemic) *''Quercus argentata'' Korth. – # Malaysia, Indonesia *''Quercus argyrotricha'' A.Camus – # Guizhou (China) *''Quercus asymmetrica'' Hickel & A.Camus – # China, northern Vietnam *''Quercus augustinei'' Skan (spelling corrected from ''augustinii''<ref name=IPNI_295817-1>{{IPNI|taxon=''Quercus augustinei'' |authority=Skan|id=295817-1|access-date=2026-01-09|mode=cs1}}</ref>) – # China, Vietnam *''Quercus austrocochinchinensis'' Hickel & A.Camus – # Yunnan (China), Thailand, Vietnam *''Quercus baniensis'' A.Camus – central Vietnam *''Quercus bambusifolia'' Hance – China (Guangdong, Guangxi), northern Vietnam *''Quercus bella'' Chun & Tsiang – # China *''Quercus blakei'' Skan (syn. ''Q. chrysocalyx'') — # China, Laos, Vietnam *''Quercus blaoensis'' A.Camus – southeastern Vietnam *''Quercus braianensis'' A.Camus – # Vietnam (endemic) *''Quercus brandisiana'' Kurz – upland Indochina, Bangladesh *''Quercus brevicalyx'' A.Camus — # China, Laos *''Quercus breviradiata'' (W.C.Cheng) C.C.Huang – central and south-central China *''Quercus cambodiensis'' Hickel & A.Camus – Cambodia *''Quercus championii'' Benth. – # China, Taiwan *''Quercus chevalieri'' Hickel & A.Camus – # China, Vietnam *''Quercus chrysocalyx'' Hickel & A.Camus – # Vietnam *''Quercus chrysotricha'' A.Camus – Borneo (Sarawak) *''Quercus chungii'' F.P.Metcalf – # China *''Quercus ciliaris'' C.C.Huang & Y.T.Chang – China (Hubei, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Anhui) *''Quercus daimingshanensis'' (S.K.Lee) C.C.Huang – # China *''Quercus dankiaensis'' A.Camus — # Vietnam (endemic)<ref name=BackAshl21/> *''Quercus delavayi'' Franch. – # China *''Quercus delicatula'' Chun & Tsiang – # China *''Quercus dilacerata'' Hickel & A.Camus – northern Vietnam *''Quercus dinghuensis'' C.C.Huang – # China *''Quercus disciformis'' Chun & Tsiang – # China *''Quercus donnaiensis'' A.Camus – southeastern Vietnam *''Quercus edithiae'' Skan – # China, Vietnam *''Quercus elevaticostata'' (Q.F.Zheng) C.C.Huang – # Fujian (China) *''Quercus elmeri'' Merr. – Sumatra, Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia *''Quercus eumorpha'' Kurz – southern Myanmar *''Quercus fuliginosa'' Chun & W.C.Ko – Hainan *''Quercus gaharuensis'' Soepadmo – western Borneo, eastern Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia *''Quercus gambleana'' A.Camus – # China, India *''Quercus gemelliflora'' Blume – # Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam *''Quercus gilva'' Blume – # Japan, Taiwan, China *''Quercus glauca'' Thunb. – ring-cupped oak – # from Afghanistan to Japan and Vietnam *''Quercus gomeziana'' A.Camus – # Vietnam *''Quercus gracilenta'' Chun – China (Guangdong) *''Quercus helferiana'' A.DC. – # China, India, Burma/Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam *''Quercus hondae'' Makino – # Kyūshū (Japan) *''Quercus hui'' Chun – China *''Quercus hypargyrea'' (Seemen ex Diels) C.C.Huang & Y.T.Chang (as ''Q. multinervis'') — # China *''Quercus hypophaea'' Hayata – # Taiwan *''Quercus jenseniana'' Hand.-Mazz. – # China *''Quercus jinpinensis'' (Y.C.Hsu & H.Wei Jen) C.C.Huang – # China *''Quercus kerangasensis'' Soepadmo – Borneo *''Quercus kerrii'' Craib – Kerr's oak – # Vietnam, Thailand, possibly China *''Quercus kinabaluensis'' Soepadmo – Borneo *''Quercus kiukiangensis'' (Y.T.Chang) Y.T.Chang – # China *''Quercus kouangsiensis'' A.Camus – # China *''Quercus lamellosa'' Sm. – # Himalayas *''Quercus langbianensis'' Hickel & A.Camus (syn. ''Q. camusiae'') – # Cambodia, China, Vietnam *''Quercus lenticellata'' Barnett – northern Thailand *''Quercus liaoi'' C.F.Shen – Taiwan *''Quercus lineata'' Blume – # Assam, Bangladesh, Indochina, Hainan, Malaysia, western Indonesia *''Quercus litseoides'' Dunn – # China *''Quercus lobbii'' Hook.f. & Thomson ex Ettingsh. – # China, India *''Quercus longinux'' Hayata – # Taiwan *''Quercus lowii'' King – # Borneo *''Quercus lungmaiensis'' (Hu) C.C.Huang & Y.T.Chang – # Yunnan (China) *''Quercus macrocalyx'' Hickel & A.Camus – # Vietnam *''Quercus meihuashanensis'' (Q.F.Zheng) C.C.Huang – China (Fujian) *''Quercus merrillii'' Seemen – # Sabah and Sarawak (Malaysia), Palawan (Philippines) *''Quercus mespilifolia'' Wall. ex A.DC. – # Vietnam *''Quercus miyagii'' (orth. var. ''Q. miyagei'') — Ryukyu Islands *''Quercus morii'' Hayata – # Taiwan *''Quercus motuoensis'' C.C.Huang – # China *''Quercus myrsinifolia'' Blume (syn. ''Q. neglecta'') – bamboo-leaf oak – # China, Japan, Korea, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam *''Quercus ningangensis'' (orth. var. ''Q. ninggangensis'') — # China *''Quercus nivea'' King – Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak) *''Quercus oidocarpa'' Korth. – Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia (Kalimantan, Sumatra, Bangka) *''Quercus oxyodon'' Miq. (syn. ''Q. songtavanensis'') – # Assam, Myanmar, China, Bhutan, Nepal, northern Vietnam *''Quercus pachyloma'' Seemen – # China, Taiwan *''Quercus pentacycla'' Y.T.Chang – # China *''Quercus percoriacea'' Soepadmo – Borneo *''Quercus petelotii'' A.Camus – # Vietnam (endemic) *''Quercus phanera'' Chun – # China *''Quercus pinbianensis'' (Y.C.Hsu & H.Wei Jen) C.C.Huang & Y.T.Chang – China (Yunnan) *''Quercus platycalyx'' Hickel & A.Camus – Vietnam *''Quercus poilanei'' (orth. var. ''Q. poilanii'') — # China, Thailand, Vietnam *''Quercus pseudoverticillata'' Soepadmo – Borneo *''Quercus quangtriensis'' Hickel & A.Camus – # Vietnam *''Quercus ramsbottomii'' A.Camus – Myanmar, Thailand *''Quercus rex'' Hemsl. – # China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Vietnam *''Quercus rupestris'' Hickel & A.Camus – # Vietnam (endemic) *''Quercus salicina'' Blume – # Japan, South Korea *''Quercus saravanensis'' A.Camus – # China, Laos, Vietnam *''Quercus schottkyana'' Rehder & E.H.Wilson – # China *''Quercus semiserrata'' Roxb. – # China, Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Thailand *''Quercus semiserratoides'' (Y.C.Hsu & H.Wei Jen) C.C.Huang & Y.T.Chang – China (southeastern Yunnan) *''Quercus sessilifolia'' Blume – # Japan, Taiwan, China *''Quercus sichourensis'' (Y.C.Hsu) C.C.Huang & Y.T.Chang – # Yunnan (China) *''Quercus steenisii'' Soepadmo – northern Sumatra *''Quercus stenophylloides'' Hayata – # Taiwan *''Quercus stewardiana'' A.Camus – # China *''Quercus subsericea'' A.Camus – # Sumatra, Borneo, western Java, Malay Peninsula, Palawan *''Quercus sumatrana'' Soepadmo – # Sumatra and Borneo *''Quercus thomsoniana'' A.DC. – Sikkim, Bhutan, northern Bangladesh *''Quercus thorelii'' Hickel & A.Camus – # China, Laos, Vietnam *''Quercus tiaoloshanica'' Chun & W.C.Ko – Hainan *''Quercus tomentosinervis'' (Y.C.Hsu & H.Wei Jen) C.C.Huang – # China *''Quercus treubiana'' Seemen – # Sumatra, Borneo *''Quercus valdinervosa'' Soepadmo – Borneo *''Quercus vestita'' Griff. – Assam *''Quercus xanthoclada'' Drake – Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam *''Quercus xanthotricha'' A.Camus – # China, Laos, Vietnam *''Quercus xuanlienensis'' H.T.Binh, Ngoc & T.N.Bo – Vietnam<ref name=BackAshl21/> *''Quercus yonganensis'' L.K.Ling & C.C.Huang – # China {{Div col end}}

==Section uncertain== *''Quercus changhualingensis'' {{small|(G.A.Fu & X.J.Hong) N.H.Xia & Y.H.Tong}} – Hainan *''Quercus dongfangensis'' {{small|C.C.Huang, F.W.Xing & Ze X.Li}} – Hainan *''Quercus yanqianii'' {{small|(G.A.Fu) N.H.Xia & Y.H.Tong}} – Hainan

==Intersectional hybrids== *''Quercus'' × ''turneri'' = ''Quercus ilex'' × ''Quercus robur'' — sect. ''Ilex'' × sect. ''Quercus'' – Turner's oak — Spain

==References== <references> <ref name=BackAshl21>{{Citation |last1=Backs |first1=J.R. |last2=Ashley |first2=M.V. |date=2021 |title=''Quercus'' Conservation Genetics and Genomics: Past, Present, and Future |journal=Forests |volume=12 |issue=7 |page=882 |doi=10.3390/f12070882 |name-list-style=amp |mode=cs1|doi-access=free |bibcode=2021Fore...12..882B }}</ref>

<ref name=Carr20>{{Citation |last1=Carrero |first1=Christina |last2=Jerome |first2=Diana |last3=Beckman |first3=Emily |last4=Byrne |first4=Amy |last5=Coombes |first5=Allen J. |last6=Deng |first6=Min |last7=González Rodríguez |first7=Antonio |last8=Sam |first8=Hoang Van |last9=Khoo |first9=Eyen |last10=Nguyen |first10=Ngoc |last11=Robiansyah |first11=Iyan |last12=Rodríguez Correa |first12=Hernando |last13=Sang |first13=Julia |last14=Song |first14=Yi-Gang |last15=Strijk |first15=Joeri |last16=Sugau |first16=John |last17=Sun |first17=Weibang |last18=Valencia-Ávalos |first18=Susana |last19=Westwood |first19=Murphy |date=2020 |title=The Red List of Oaks 2020 |publication-place=Lisle, IL |publisher=The Morton Arboretum |url=https://static1.squarespace.com/static/557dec57e4b0c3993deb6044/t/60ba66607de08b6cc5e42d00/1622828642301/RedListOaks2020.pdf |access-date=2023-02-24 |name-list-style=amp |mode=cs1}}</ref>

<ref name=DenkGrimManoDeng17>{{Citation |last1=Denk |first1=Thomas |last2=Grimm |first2=Guido W. |last3=Manos |first3=Paul S. |last4=Deng |first4=Min |last5=Hipp |first5=Andrew L. |date=2017 |editor1-last=Gil-Pelegrín |editor1-first=Eustaquio |editor2-last=Peguero-Pina |editor2-first=José Javier |editor3-last=Sancho-Knapik |editor3-first=Domingo |contribution=An Updated Infrageneric Classification of the Oaks: Review of Previous Taxonomic Schemes and Synthesis of Evolutionary Patterns |title=Oaks Physiological Ecology. Exploring the Functional Diversity of Genus ''Quercus'' L. |pages=13–38 |publication-place=Cham. |publisher=Springer International Publishing |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-69099-5_2 |isbn=978-3-319-69099-5 |contribution-url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69099-5_2 |name-list-style=amp |mode=cs1}}</ref>

<ref name=DenkApp21>{{Citation |last1=Denk |first1=Thomas |last2=Grimm |first2=Guido W. |last3=Manos |first3=Paul S. |last4=Deng |first4=Min |last5=Hipp |first5=Andrew L. |date=2017-11-02 |title=Appendix 2.1: An updated infrageneric classification of the oaks |website=figshare |doi=10.6084/m9.figshare.5547622.v1 |url=https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Appendix_2_1_________An_updated_infrageneric_classification_of_the_oaks/5547622/1 |access-date=2023-02-17 |format=xls |name-list-style=amp |mode=cs1}}</ref>

<ref name=powo>{{cite web |title=''Quercus'' L. |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325819-2|website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |access-date=2023-02-17}}</ref> </references>

==External links== {{Commons category|Quercus}} * {{eFloras|1|127839|Quercus}} * {{eFloras|2|127839|Quercus}} * {{eFloras|2|108828|Cyclobalanopsis}}

{{DISPLAYTITLE:List of ''Quercus'' species}} {{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Quercus Species}} * Quercus Quercus Quercus