Cytosol nonspecific dipeptidase
Ec number3.4.13.18
Cas number9025-31-4

Cytosolic non-specific dipeptidase () also known as carnosine dipeptidase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CNDP2 gene.[1][2][3] This enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of dipeptides, preferentially those containing hydrophobic amino acids. The human enzyme uses manganese ions as a cofactor.[4] In addition to its function as a peptidase, the enzyme also functions to generate N-lactoyl amino acids, such as N-lactoyl-phenylalanine, via the process of "reverse proteolysis".[5] A similar pathway conjugates amino acids to Beta-hydroxybutyric acid.[6]

See also

References

  1. ^ Teufel M, Saudek V, Ledig JP, Bernhardt A, Boularand S, Carreau A, Cairns NJ, Carter C, Cowley DJ, Duverger D, Ganzhorn AJ, Guenet C, Heintzelmann B, Laucher V, Sauvage C, Smirnova T (February 2003). "Sequence identification and characterization of human carnosinase and a closely related non-specific dipeptidase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (8): 6521–6531. doi:10.1074/jbc.M209764200. PMID 12473676
  2. ^ "Entrez Gene: CNDP2 carnosine dipeptidase 2"
  3. ^ Bauer K (1998). "Cytosol non-specific dipeptidase". Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes. London: Academic Press. pp. 1520–1522.
  4. ^ "UniProt: CDNP2 - Cytosolic non-specific dipeptidase: Homo sapiens"
  5. ^ Jansen RS, Addie R, Merkx R, Fish A, Mahakena S, Bleijerveld OB, Altelaar M, Ijlst L, Wanders RJ, Borst P, van de Wetering K (May 11, 2015). "N-lactoyl-amino acids are ubiquitous metabolites that originate from CDNP2-mediated reverse proteolysis of lactate and amino acids". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA. 112 (21): 6601–6606. Bibcode:2015PNAS..112.6601J. doi:10.1073/pnas.1424638112. PMC 4450436. PMID 25964343
  6. ^ Moya-Garzon MD, Wang M, Li VL, Lyu X, Wei W, Tung AS et al. (2024). "A β-hydroxybutyrate shunt pathway generates anti-obesity ketone metabolites.". Cell. 188 (1): 175–186.e20. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2024.10.032. PMC 11724754. PMID 39536746