{{short description|Indonesian daily newspaper published in Bandung}} {{Infobox newspaper | name = Pikiran Rakyat | logo = | image = | caption = An article from the newspaper published on the 15th of April 2019 | type = Daily newspaper | format = Broadsheet | motto = {{lang|id|Dari Rakyat - Oleh Rakyat - Untuk Rakyat}}<br>(From the People - By the People - For the People) | owners = Grup Pikiran Rakyat | founder = | publisher = | president = | editor = | chief_editor = | deputy_editor = | associate_editor = | managing_editor = | general_manager = | news_editor = | campus_editor = | campus_chief = | metro_editor = | metro_chief = | opinion_editor = | photo_editor = | staff_writers = | founded = {{Start date and age|1966|03|24|df=yes}} | political_position = | language = Indonesian | ceased_publication = | relaunched = | headquarters = Bandung, West Java | circulation = | circulation_date = | sister_newspapers = Galamedia | ISSN = | oclc = | website = {{URL|http://www.pikiran-rakyat.com}} | free = | publishing_country = Indonesia | publishing_city = Bandung }} thumb|People in Bandung reading ''Pikiran Rakyat'' '''''Pikiran Rakyat''''' (Indonesian: ''People's Thought'') is a daily newspaper published in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Its circulation covers West Java and Banten Province.
==History== ''Pikiran Rakyat'' was first published on 30 May 1950 by director and editor-in-chief Djamal Ali and A.Z. Palindih<ref>{{cite news|title=Pikiran Rakjat herdacht zijn eerste levensjaar|work=Algemeen Indisch dagblad : de Preangerbode|issue=May 31, 1951|url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010896887:mpeg21:a0040}}</ref> and an editor named Indra Soemarsono joined the newspaper in the early 1950s.<ref>{{cite news|date=January 1, 1955|title=Bandoengs journalist Indra Soemarsono †|work=Algemeen Indisch dagblad : de Preangerbode|url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010896658:mpeg21:a0031}}</ref> It was published by Bandung N.V., located on what is now called Jalan Asia Afrika in Bandung. Its motto was ''Mengadjak Pembatja Berpikir Kritis'' (Indonesian: "Invites Readers to Think Critically").
Politically speaking, the newspaper had a left nationalist stance,<ref name="PR1" /> but it wasn't affiliated with any political party.<ref name="PR2">{{cite web|title=Sejarah Pikiran Rakyat Sejak 1967|url=https://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/bandung-raya/pr-01308821/sejarah-pikiran-rakyat-sejak-1966|access-date=1 October 2020|website=Pikiran Rakyat.com}}</ref>
There were various other newspapers published under this name in Indonesia. There was a short-lived political magazine by Sukarno in 1932 called ''Fikiran Ra'jat'' in which he promoted his ideology of Marhaenism. The magazine ended its run in under a year when Sukarno was exiled from Java.<ref name="PR1">{{cite web |title=Bedanya Fikiran Ra'jat, Pikiran Rakjat, dan Pikiran Rakyat |url=https://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/bandung-raya/pr-01276969/bedanya-fikiran-rajat-pikiran-rakjat-dan-pikiran-rakyat-396970 |website=Pikiran Rakyat.com |access-date=1 October 2020}}</ref> In the 1950s, there were multiple newspapers publishing at the same time under this name including one in Padang called ''Fikiran Rakjat'',<ref>{{cite news |title=Padangse persstemmen |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010476974:mpeg21:a0050 |work=Het nieuwsblad voor Sumatra |date=July 16, 1954}}</ref> ''Pikiran Rakjat'' published in Makassar,<ref>{{cite news |title=Zes provincies |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010861687:mpeg21:a0030 |work=Java-bode : nieuws, handels- en advertentieblad voor Nederlandsch-Indie |date=June 28, 1957}}</ref> and ''Fikiran Rakjat'' published in Palembang.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hoofdredacteur aangehouden |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010861635:mpeg21:a0074 |work=Java-bode : nieuws, handels- en advertentieblad voor Nederlandsch-Indie |date=April 20, 1957}}</ref>
===Liberal Democracy Period===
''Pikiran Rakyat'' was founded shortly after the end of the Indonesian war of independence against the Netherlands, and it quickly rose to prominence during the Liberal democracy period in Indonesia. During its early years the paper expressed the notion that the government should be a third force in society to balance the political forces of the left and the right in order to obtain an even evolution of both ideology,<ref>{{cite news |title=Pikiran Rakjat |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010896909:mpeg21:a0048 |work=Algemeen Indisch dagblad : de Preangerbode |date=June 26, 1951}}</ref> the newspaper also noted that the army should be a non-political force.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010476327:mpeg21:a0044 |date=November 4, 1952|title=Reacties op Sukoto|publisher=Nieuwsgier|website=Delpher|language=nl}}</ref> The director of the newspaper, Djamal Ali, was a high-profile journalist in Indonesia, he was chairman of the Newspaper Companies Union (Indonesian: ''Serikat Perusahaan Surat Kabar''),<ref>{{cite news |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010892911:mpeg21:a0027 |date=June 12, 1952|title=Buitenlandse Pers: Uitsluitend P.W.I.|publisher=Algemeen Indisch dagblad: de Preangerb|website=Delpher|language=nl}}</ref> and by 1955 was a council member of the Indonesian Journalists Association (Indonesian: ''Persatuan Wartawan Indonesia'').<ref>{{cite news |title=Nieuwe ereraad P.W.I. geinstalleerd |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010862416:mpeg21:a0091 |work=Java-bode : nieuws, handels- en advertentieblad voor Nederlandsch-Indie |date=June 13, 1955}}</ref>
In September 1954, the paper expressed support for Sutan Sjahrir, leader of the Indonesian Socialist Party, stating that he should lead the opposition to the government which had few worthy figures in it.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pikiran Rakjat doet beroep op Sjahrir |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010477019:mpeg21:a0030 |work=Het nieuwsblad voor Sumatra |date=September 10, 1954}}</ref> They published an editorial soon after calling on president Sukarno to resign due to his marriages to multiple women in quick succession which they believed to be unlawful.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010477040:mpeg21:a0019 |date=October 5, 1954|title=Aftreden President Gevraagd|publisher=Het Nieuwsblad voor Sumatra |website=Delpher|language=nl}}</ref> They continued to attack him editorially, saying the radical Sukarno of the past was long gone, and that he was too mired in compromises and complacency.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pikiran Rakjat: De marhaenist Soekarno is niet meer |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010477079:mpeg21:a0035 |work=Het nieuwsblad voor Sumatra |date=October 20, 1954}}</ref>
===Guided Democracy Era=== The paper continued to have conflicts with Sukarno during the Guided Democracy era. During his visit to the United Nations in September 1960 he preemptively seized the printing presses of ''Pikiran Rakyat'' as well as ''Abadi'', ''Suara Rakjat'', and other papers.<ref>{{cite news |title=Soekarno muilkorft oppositiebladen |url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=KBNRC01:000036248:mpeg21:a0015 |work=Algemeen Handelsblad |date=September 26, 1960}}</ref> The papers were permitted to resume publication after his return.
===New Order Era=== In January 1966, Pikiran Rakyat had to stop printing because they are unable to meet the requirement that dictates every newspaper had to have an affiliation with a certain "political power" or choose to join with another newspaper assigned by then Ministry of Enlightenment (now Ministry of Communication and Informatics<ref>{{Cite web|last=KOMINFO|first=PDSI|title=Sejarah|url=https://kominfo.go.id/content/detail/457/sejarah/0/page|access-date=2021-01-14|website=Website Resmi Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika RI|language=en|archive-date=2021-08-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803044540/https://kominfo.go.id/content/detail/457/sejarah/0/page|url-status=dead}}</ref>). With the help of ''Panglima Kodam Siliwangi,'' Ibrahim Adjie at the time, the journalists that were out of work, guided by Sakti Alamsyah and Atang Ruswita, published a new newspaper called ''Angkatan Bersenjata'' West Java Edition with affiliation to the daily ''Angkatan Bersenjata'' that published in Jakarta with a publishing rights (Indonesian: ''Surat Izin Terbit (SIT)) No. 021/SK/DPHM/SIT/1966.'' The first edition of the newspaper published on 24 March 1966, this coincides with the 20th anniversary of the Bandung Sea of Fire event.
Not one year after the dissolution of the original newspaper, the Ministry of Enlightenment revoked the requirement that a newspaper entity had to be affiliated. ''Panglima Kodam Siliwangi'' therefore release the newspaper dependency with ''Kodam''. With this development, as of March 24, 1967, the newspaper changed their name to '''''Pikiran Rakyat''''', shortened to ''PR'' which is the newspaper known-as until today with then daily circulation of 20.000 newspapers although it does not have its own independent printing press.<ref name="Profil ebook 1">{{cite book|url=https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=IEW9DgAAQBAJ&hl=en|title=Profil Perusahaan Pikiran Rakyat - Koran Jawa Barat|publisher=Adamssein Media|page=1|language=id|access-date=7 October 2020}}</ref> In April 1973 the paper was restructured into an independent company once again under the name ''PT Pikiran Rakyat Bandung'', acquired its own printing press and was able to greatly increase circulation<ref name="Profil ebook 1" /> with Press Publishing Business License (Indonesian: ''Surat Izin Usaha Penerbitan Pers'') for PT. ''Pikiran Rakyat Bandung'' No. 035/SK. MENPEN/SIUPP/A.7/1986.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Redirected to jbptunikompp-gdl-evisetyawa-27908-6-bab3-evi.pdf|url=https://elib.unikom.ac.id/download.php?id=155062|access-date=2021-01-14|website=elib.unikom.ac.id}}</ref>
==Award== In December 2011, Pikiran Rakyat has got award of "The Most Responsible Media Group".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/node/168188 |title=Home "PR" Raih Penghargaan "The Most Responsible Media Group" |date=December 5, 2011 |access-date=December 5, 2011 |archive-date=March 6, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170306034316/http://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/node/168188 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== *[http://www.pikiran-rakyat.com/ Official site]
Category:Newspapers published in Indonesia Category:Newspapers established in 1966 Category:1966 establishments in Indonesia Category:West Java Category:Mass media in Bandung Category:Indonesian-language newspapers Category:Indonesian news websites