{{Short description|Italian Cardinal}} {{more footnotes|date=May 2014}} {{Infobox Christian leader |type = Cardinal |honorific_prefix = [[His Eminence]] |name = Pietro Ciriaci |title = [[Congregation of the Council|Prefect of the Congregation of the Council]] |church = [[Roman Catholic Church]] |appointed = 20 March 1954 |term_end = 30 December 1966 |predecessor = [[Giuseppe Bruno (cardinal)|Giuseppe Bruno]] |successor = [[Jean-Marie Villot]] |other_post = {{unbulleted list|[[Pontifical Commission for the Revision of the Code of Canon Law|President of the Pontifical Commission for the Revision of the Code of Canon Law]] (1955–66)|[[San Lorenzo in Lucina|Cardinal-Priest of San Lorenzo in Lucina]] (1964–66)}} |ordination = 18 December 1909 |consecration = 18 March 1928 |consecrated_by = [[Pietro Gasparri]], [[Carlo Cremonesi]], and Agostino Zampini |cardinal = 12 January 1953 |created_cardinal_by = [[Pope Pius XII]] |rank = [[Cardinal-Priest]] |birth_name = Pietro Ciriaci |birth_date = 2 December 1885 |birth_place = [[Rome]], [[Kingdom of Italy]] |death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1966|12|30|1885|12|02}} |death_place = Rome, [[Italy]] |buried = [[San Lorenzo in Lucina]] |parents = Giuseppe Ciriaci<br>Maria Giuggiolini Magnaterra |previous_post = {{unbulleted list|[[Congregation for extraordinary ecclesiastical affairs|Undersecretary of the Congregation for Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs]] (1921–28)|[[Apostolic Nunciature to Czechoslovakia|Apostolic Nuncio to Czechoslovakia]] (1928–34)|[[Titular Archbishop of Tarsus]] (1928–53)|[[Apostolic Nuncio to Portugal]] (1934–53)|Apostolic Pro-Nuncio to Portugal (1953)|[[Santa Prassede|Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prassede]] (1953–64)}} |alma_mater = [[Pontifical Roman Seminary]]<br>[[Pontifical Roman Athenaeum Saint Apollinare]] |motto = ''Dominus regit me'' |coat_of_arms = Coat of arms of Pietro Ciriaci.svg }}

{{infobox cardinalstyles| cardinal name=Pietro Ciriaci| dipstyle=His Eminence| offstyle=Your Eminence| See=none | image=Coat of arms of Pietro Ciriaci.svg| image_size=100px|}}

'''Pietro Ciriaci''' (2 December 1885 &ndash; 30 December 1966) was an Italian [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] of the [[Catholic Church]] who served as [[prefect]] of the [[Congregation for the Clergy|Sacred Congregation of the Council]] in the [[Roman Curia]] from 1954 until his death, and was elevated to the [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinalate]] in 1953 by [[Pope Pius XII]].

==Early life and education== Ciriaci was born in [[Rome]] to Giuseppe Ciriaci and his wife Maria Giuggiolini Magnaterra. [[Baptism|Baptized]] in the [[Churches of Rome|church]] of [[San Crisogono]], he received his [[first Communion]] on 27 June 1897. Ciriaci entered the [[Pontifical Roman Seminary]] on 31 October 1902, and then studied at the [[Pontifical Roman Athenaeum S. Apollinare]], where he obtained [[doctorate]]s in [[Doctor of Philosophy|philosophy]] (5 July 1904), [[Doctor of Theology|theology]] (6 July 1909), and [[Doctor of Canon Law|canon law]] (8 November 1911).

== Career == [[Holy Orders|Ordained]] to the [[Priesthood (Catholic Church)|priesthood]] on 18 December 1909, he was named vice-[[Curate|pastor]] of a Roman [[Parish (Catholic Church)|parish]] on 18 July 1910. Ciriaci then taught [[Ethics|ethical]] [[philosophy]] and later fundamental [[theology]] at his ''[[alma mater]]'' of the Pontifical Roman Athenaeum S. Apollinare until 1926. He entered the [[Roman Curia]] as a ''scrittore'' of the [[Apostolic Penitentiary]] on 21 January 1911, and was promoted to ''registratore'' of the same on the following 15 December.

Before being raised to the rank of a [[Monsignor|Privy Chamberlain Supernumerary]] on 26 October 1918, Ciriaci was named an official of the [[Congregation for the Clergy|Sacred Congregation of the Council]] (22 February 1913) and of the first section of the [[Congregation for Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs|Sacred Congregation for Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs]] (16 June 1917). He was named [[Undersecretary]] of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs on 14 May 1921, and a [[Monsignor|Domestic Prelate of His Holiness]] on 27 March 1922.

In 1927, [[Czechoslovakia]] replaced the holiday of [[John Chrysostom|St. John Chrysostom]] with that of [[Jan Hus]], a [[Christian heresy|heretic]] in the eyes of the Catholic Church. The [[Apostolic Nunciature to Czechoslovakia|Apostolic Nuncio to Czechoslovakia]], Archbishop [[Francesco Marmaggi]], left Prague in protest. On 27 March, Ciriaci was sent to Czechoslovakia as a special envoy to resolve the dispute and conclude an agreement between Czechoslovakia and the [[Holy See]]. A temporary agreement–a ''[[modus vivendi]]'' rather than a concordat–was signed on 17 December.<ref name=smid>{{Cite journal | url =http://bazhum.muzhp.pl/media//files/Historia_Slavorum_Occidentis/Historia_Slavorum_Occidentis-r2015-t2(9)/Historia_Slavorum_Occidentis-r2015-t2(9)-s168-184/Historia_Slavorum_Occidentis-r2015-t2(9)-s168-184.pdf | title =Nuncjatura Apostolska bez nuncjusza w Czechosłowacji okresu międzywojennego | journal =Historia Slavorum Occidentis |date=2015| pages= 168–184 |language =pl | first = Marek | last = Šmíd |access-date = 21 August 2019}}</ref>

On 15 February 1928, Ciriaci was appointed Nuncio to Czechoslovakia and [[Titular Archbishop of Tarsus]] by [[Pope Pius XI]].<ref>{{cite book | title = Acta Apostolicae Sedis | pages = 77, 123 | url = http://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-20-1928-ocr.pdf | date= 1928 | volume = XX | access-date = 21 June 2020}}</ref> He received his [[Bishop (Catholic Church)|episcopal consecration]] on the following 18 March from Cardinal [[Pietro Gasparri]].{{citation needed|date=June 2020}} Ciriaci was named [[Apostolic Nuncio to Portugal]] on 9 January 1934.<ref>{{cite book | title = Acta Apostolicae Sedis | page = 563 | url = http://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-26-1934-ocr.pdf | date= 1934 | volume = XXVI | access-date = 21 June 2020}}</ref>

[[Pope Pius XII]] made him [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal-Priest]] of [[Santa Prassede]] in the [[Papal consistory|consistory]] of 12 January 1953.<ref name=lentz/> Ciriaci was named [[Prefect]] of the Sacred Congregation of the Council on 20 March 1954,<ref>{{cite book | title = Acta Apostolicae Sedis | page = 152 | url = http://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-46-1954-ocr.pdf | date= 1954 | volume = LXVI | access-date = 21 June 2020}}</ref> and President of the [[Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts|Pontifical Commission for the Interpretation of the Code of Canon Law]] on 31 May 1955.<ref>{{cite book |url = http://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-47-1955-ocr.pdf | pages= 427, 863 Sig mem| access-date = 20 June 2020 | date= 1955 | volume = XLVII |title = Acta Apostolicae Sedis }}</ref> He participated in the [[Papal conclave, 1958|1958 papal conclave]] that elected [[Pope John XXIII]] and attended the [[Second Vatican Council]] from 1962 to 1965. He served as a [[Cardinal electors in Papal conclave, 1963|cardinal elector]] in the [[Papal conclave, 1963|conclave of 1963]] that elected [[Pope Paul VI]].<ref name=lentz/> On 26 September 1964, he opted to become a cardinal-priest, with title of [[San Lorenzo in Lucina]].

== Death == Ciriaci died in Rome on 30 December 1966 at age 81.<ref name=lentz>{{cite book | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ongwCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA45 | page=45 | title = Popes and Cardinals of the 20th Century: A Biographical Dictionary | access-date = 21 June 2020 | first = Harris M. | last = Lentz III | date= 2015 | publisher = McFarland | isbn=9781476621555 }}</ref> His [[Requiem|funeral Mass]] was celebrated by Pope Paul on 3 January 1967 in the basilica of San Lorenzo in Lucina. He was buried in a chapel near the same basilica.

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== *[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bciriaci.html Catholic-Hierarchy] *[https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios-c.htm#Ciriaci Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church]

{{s-start}} {{s-dip}} {{succession box | title=[[Nuncio]] to [[Czechoslovakia]] | before=[[Francesco Marmaggi]] | after=[[Saverio Ritter]] | years=1928&ndash;1934 }} {{succession box | title=[[Apostolic Nuncio to Portugal]] | before=[[Giovanni Cardinale]], [[Order of Saint Benedict|OSB]] | after=[[Fernando Cento]] | years=1934&ndash;1954 }} {{s-rel|ca}} {{succession box | title=[[Congregation for the Clergy|Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of the Council]] | before=[[Giuseppe Bruno (cardinal)|Giuseppe Bruno]] | after=[[Jean-Marie Villot]] | years=1954&ndash;1966 }} {{succession box | title=[[Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts|President of the Pontifical Commission for the Interpretation of the Code of Canon Law]] | before=[[Massimo Massimi]] | after=[[Pericle Felici]] | years=1955&ndash;1966 }} {{s-end}}

{{Cardinals created by Pius XII}} {{Second Vatican Council}} {{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ciriaci, Pietro}} [[Category:1885 births]] [[Category:1966 deaths]] [[Category:20th-century Italian cardinals]] [[Category:Pontifical Roman Seminary alumni]] [[Category:Participants in the Second Vatican Council]] [[Category:Cardinals created by Pope Pius XII]] [[Category:Members of the Sacred Congregation of the Council]] [[Category:Dicastery for Legislative Texts]] [[Category:Apostolic nuncios to Portugal]] [[Category:Apostolic nuncios to Czechoslovakia]] [[Category:Clergy from Rome]] [[Category:Officials of the Roman Curia]] [[Category:Bishops appointed by Pope Pius XI]]