{{Short description|French experimental particle physicist}} {{Infobox scientist | name = Pierre Darriulat | image = File:Pierre Darriulat, CERN Physicist.jpg | caption = Pierre Darriulat in 1980 | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1938|02|17|df=y}} | birth_place = Eaubonne, France | field = Physics (Particle physics, astrophysics) | work_institutions = CERN, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology | alma_mater = University of Orsay | prizes = 1973 Joliot-Curie Award <br> 1987 Grand Prix de l’Académie des Sciences: prix du Commissariat à l’énergie atomique <br> 1985 Award from the French Academy of Sciences <br> 2008 André Lagarrigue Award <br> Honorary medal from the Vietnamese Ministry of Sciences and Technology <br> Honorary medal from the Physical Society of Vietnam <br> 2014 Vietnamese Friendship Medal <br> 2016 Phan Chau Trinh Prize for education and culture <br> Honorary degree from the University of Pavia }}
'''Pierre Darriulat''' (born 17 February 1938) is a French experimental particle physicist. As staff member at CERN, he contributed in several prestigious experiments. He was the spokesperson of the UA2 collaboration from 1981 to 1986, during which time the UA2 collaboration, together with the UA1 collaboration, discovered the W and Z bosons in 1983.
==Education== Darriulat studied at École Polytechnique. He served his military service in the French Navy, and between 1962 and 1964 he spent two years at Berkeley, United States, before receiving a PhD from the University of Orsay in 1965 on research done at Berkeley.
==Career and research== Until the mid 1960s, Darriulat did his research on nuclear physics and took part in several experiments on scattering of deuterons and alpha particles.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Arvieux |first1=J. |last2=Darriulat |first2=P.|display-authors=etal|date=20 March 1967 |title=Elastic scattering of polarized deuterons from 4He Between 18 and 22 MeV |journal=Nuclear Physics A |volume=94 |issue=3 |pages=663–672 |doi=10.1016/0375-9474(67)90439-3 |bibcode=1967NuPhA..94..663A }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Darriulat |first1=P. |last2=Igo |first2=G.|display-authors=etal|date=25 January 1965 |title=Elastic Scattering of Alpha Particles by Helium Between 53 and 120 MeV |url=http://inspirehep.net/record/49413 |journal=Phys. Rev. |volume=137 |issue=2B |pages= B315–B325|doi=10.1103/PhysRev.137.B315 |access-date=27 July 2017|bibcode=1965PhRv..137..315D |url-access=subscription }}</ref> Darriulat was employed at Saclay Nuclear Research Centre, France.<ref name=CV>{{cite web |url=http://vietnamscience.vn/index.php/vistech/editorial_board/PierreDarriulat |title=CURRICULUM VITAE |last=Darriulat |first=Pierre |date=May 2016 |website=Vietnam Science & Technology |publisher=The Vietnamese Ministry of Science and Technology |access-date=27 July 2017 }}</ref>
After a few years at CERN as visiting physicist and CERN fellow, Darriulat was offered a tenure position in 1971.<ref name=CV/> For six years he was a member of the research group of Carlo Rubbia, that made essential contributions to the physics of CP violation in the neutral kaon sector.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Holder |first1=M.|display-authors=etal|date=26 April 1972 |title=On the Decay $K_L \to \pi^0 \pi^0$ |url=http://inspirehep.net/record/75733 |journal=Physics Letters B |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=141–146 |doi=10.1016/0370-2693(72)90304-8 |access-date=7 August 2017|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1= Böhm |first1=A.|display-authors=etal|date=15 March 1969 |title=The phase difference between k(l) ---> pi-plus + pi-minus and k(s) ---> pi-plus + pi-minus decay amplitudes |url=http://inspirehep.net/record/56242 |journal=Nuclear Physics B |volume=9 |issue=5 |pages=605–639 |doi=10.1016/0550-3213(69)90063-7 |access-date=7 August 2017|url-access=subscription }}</ref> He then took part in experiments conducted at the Intersecting Storage Rings ('''ISR''') — the world’s first hadron collider.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Clark |first1=A.G. |last2=Darriulat |first2=P.|display-authors=etal|date=10 April 1978 |title=Inclusive π0 production from high-energy p-p collisions at very large transverse momenta |journal=Phys. Lett. B |volume=74 |issue=3 |pages=267–272 |doi=10.1016/0370-2693(78)90570-1 |bibcode=1978PhLB...74..267C |url=https://cds.cern.ch/record/132794 }}</ref> Using his experience from the ISR, Darriulat and collaborators proposed the UA2 experiment in 1978 at the commissioned Proton-Antiproton Collider — a modification of the Super Proton Synchrotron.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Banner |first1=M|display-authors=etal|date=31 January 1978 |title=Proposal to Study Antiproton-Proton Interactions at 540 GeV CM Energy |url=https://cds.cern.ch/record/596804/files/CM-P00045649.pdf |journal=SPS Committee |access-date=24 July 2017}}</ref> Darriulat acted as the spokesperson for the experiment from 1981 to 1986. In 1983 the UA2 collaboration, together with the UA1 collaboration, discovered the W and Z boson, an important milestone in modern particle physics, as it confirmed the electroweak theory. The discovery led to the 1984 Nobel Prize in Physics being awarded to Carlo Rubbia and Simon van der Meer for their decisive contributions to the design and construction of the proton-antiproton collider.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1984/press.html |title=Press Release: The 1984 Nobel Prize in Physics |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=17 October 1984 |website=Nobelprize.org |access-date=24 July 2017 }}</ref> Prior to the discovery the UA2 collaboration made the first observation of emission of quarks and gluons in the form of hadronic jet – an important experimental support of the theory of quantum chromodynamics.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=UA2 Collaboration |date=2 December 1982 |title=Observation of very large transverse momentum jets at the CERN ppbar collider |journal=Phys. Lett. B |volume=118 |issue=1–3 |pages=203–210 |doi=10.1016/0370-2693(82)90629-3 |url=https://cds.cern.ch/record/139969/files/198210291.pdf |bibcode=1982PhLB..118..203B }}</ref>
From 1987 to 1994 Darriulat held the position as Research Director at CERN, during which time the Large Electron–Positron Collider (LEP) began its operation. Subsequent, Darriulat turned to solid state physics, conducting research in the field of superconductivity on the property of niobium films.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Benvenuti |first1=C. |last2=Calatroni |first2=S.|display-authors=etal|date=July 1997 |title=Studies of RF-superconductivity properties of niobium film-coated cavities at CERN |url=http://inspirehep.net/record/455577 |journal=Adv. Cryog. Eng., A |volume=43 |pages=77–85 |access-date=27 July 2017}}</ref>
In 2000, Darriulat launched a research group in Vietnam, in which he is still active. The group does research in the field of astrophysics. They first did research on extreme energy cosmic rays in collaboration with the Pierre Auger Observatory. Subsequently, the group turned to millimeter/submillimeter radio astronomy, studying stellar physics and galaxies of the early Universe. The group is now the Department of AstroPhysics ('''DAP''') of the [https://vnsc.org.vn/en/ Vietnam National Space Center], all part of the larger Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://vnsc.org.vn/dap/|title=Department of AstroPhysics (DAP)|website=vnsc.org.vn |publisher=Vietnam National Satellite Center |access-date=7 August 2017 }}</ref>
In 2011 Darriulat gave a talk ''The ISR Legacy'' at the international symposium on subnuclear physics held in Vatican City.<ref>{{cite book|editor=Sánchez Sorondo, Marcelo|editor-link=Marcelo Sánchez Sorondo|editor2=Zichichi, Antonino|editor-link2=Antonino Zichichi|chapter=''The ISR Legacy'' by Pierre Darriulat|pages=109–119|title=Subnuclear Physics: Past, Present and Future; Proceedings of the International Symposium, held 30 October - 2 November 2011, held in Vatican City|series=Scripta Varia, volume 119|publisher=Pontifical Academy of Sciences|year=2014|chapter-url=https://www.pas.va/content/dam/casinapioiv/pas/pdf-volumi/scripta-varia/sv119/sv119-darriulat.pdf}}</ref>
==Awards and honors== *1973 Joliot-Curie Award *1986 Member of the French Academy of Sciences *1987 Grand Prix de l’Académie des Sciences: prix du Commissariat à l’énergie atomique *1985 Award from the French Academy of Sciences *1997 Nominated for the French Legion of Honour *2008 André Lagarrigue Award <ref>{{cite web |url=http://prixlagarrigue.lal.in2p3.fr/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/04/AnnoncePrix08-EN.pdf |title=2008 André Lagarrigue Prize |author=<!--Not stated--> |access-date=27 July 2017 }}</ref> *2014 Vietnamese Friendship Medal *2016 Phan Chau Trinh Prize for education and culture *Honorary degree from the University of Pavia
==Most notable publications== *[http://www.philosciences.org/notices/document.php?id_document=557 Darriulat, P. (2007). Réflexions sur la science contemporaine. Les Ulis: EDP Sciences] *[http://inspirehep.net/record/1598675/files/9789814749145_0006.pdf Darriulat, P. and Chohan, V. (2017). The CERN Antiproton Programme: Imagination and Audacity Rewarded. In: Technology Meets Research. Hamburg: World Scientific, pp. 179-215] *[https://cds.cern.ch/record/2103297 Darriulat P. and Di Lella, L. (2015). Revealing Partons in Hadrons> From the ISR til the SPS Collider. In: 60 years of CERN experiments and discoveries. World Scientific, pp. 313-341] *[http://inspirehep.net/record/189048 UA2 Collaboration (1982), 'Observation of single isolated electrons of high transverse momentum in events with missing transverse energy at the CERN ppbar collider', Phys. Lett. B , vol. 122, no 5, pp. 476-485] *[http://inspirehep.net/record/191740 UA2 Collaboration (1983), ‘Evidence for Z0 ---> e+ e- at the CERN anti-p p Collider’, Phys. Lett. B, vol. 129, no. 1-2, pp. 130-140] *[http://inspirehep.net/record/244619 UA2 Collaboration, 1987, ‘Measurement of the Standard Model Parameters from a Study of W and Z Bosons’, Phys. Letter. B, vol. 186, pp. 440-451] *[http://inspirehep.net/record/180797 UA2 Collaboration, 1982, ‘Observation of Very Large Transverse Momentum Jets at the CERN anti-p p Collider’, Phys. Lett. B, vol. 118, pp. 203-210] *Darriulat, P. (2016), Looking at science and education in my second homeland, The Gioi, Viet Nam
==References== {{reflist|30em}}
==External links== *[http://cerncourier.com/cws/article/cern/29053 The W and Z particles: a personal recollection (2004)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111228012249/http://cerncourier.com/cws/article/cern/29053 |date=2011-12-28 }} *[http://inspirehep.net/author/profile/P.Darriulat.1 Scientific publications of Pierre Darriulat on INSPIRE-HEP] *[https://vnsc.org.vn/en/about-vnsc/department-of-astrophysics Current institution] {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Darriulat, Pierre}} Category:1938 births Category:People associated with CERN Category:Living people Category:French experimental physicists Category:French nuclear physicists Category:Particle physicists Category:Members of the French Academy of Sciences