Philine

{{Short description|Genus of gastropods}} {{Automatic taxobox |taxon = Philine |image = Philine (10.1111-zoj.12478) Figure 11.jpg |image_caption = A overview of ''Philine'' |authority = Peter Ascanius, 1772 |type_species= Philine quadripartita Ascanius, 1772 |synonyms_ref = <ref name="WoRMS" /> |synonyms = * ''Bulla (Bullea)'' [sic] (misspelling for Bullaea Lamarck, 1801) * ''Bullaea'' Lamarck, 1801 * ''Bullea'' [sic] (misspelling for ''Bullaea'' Lamarck, 1801) * ''Choshiphiline'' Habe, 1958 * ''Johania'' Monterosato, 1884 * ''Lobaria'' O.F. Müller, 1776 * ''Philingwynia'' F. Nordsieck, 1972 * ''Woodbridgea'' S. S. Berry, 1953 (doubtful synonym) |display_parents = 3 }}

'''''Philine''''' is a genus of sea slugs or sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Philininae of the family Philinidae, the headshield slugs or paper bubbles.<ref name="WoRMS">Gofas, S. (2011). Philine Ascanius, 1772. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=138339 on 2011-09-21</ref>

==Species== Species within the genus ''Philine'' include: {{div col|colwidth=20em}} * ''Philine abyssicola'' Valdès, 2008 * ''Philine aethiopica'' Thiele, 1925 * ''Philine alboides'' Price, Gosliner & Valdés, 2011 * ''Philine amabilis'' Verrill, 1880 * ''Philine angasi'' Crosse and Fischer, 1865 * ''Philine angulata'' Jeffreys, 1867 - angled paper-bubble, angled paperbubble * ''Philine aperta'' (Linnaeus, 1767) * ''Philine approximans'' Dautzenberg & Fischer H., 1896 * ''Philine araneosa'' van der Linden, 1995 * ''Philine argentina'' Carcelles, 1947 * ''Philine auriformis'' Suter, 1909 * ''Philine azorica'' Bouchet, 1975 * ''Philine babai'' Valdés, 2008 * ''Philine bakeri'' Dall, 1919 * ''Philine baxteri'' Valdés, Cadien & Gosliner, 2016 * ''Philine beachportensis'' Verco, 1909 * ''Philine berghi'' E. A. Smith, 1910 * ''Philine buchensis'' Caballer & Ortea, 2015 * ''Philine burrowsi'' Burn, 1961 * ''Philine caballeri'' Ortea, Espinosa & Moro, 2001 * ''Philine caledonica'' Risbec, 1951 * ''Philine candeana'' (d'Orbigny, 1841) * ''Philine catena'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Philine cerebralis'' Malaquias, Ohnheiser, Oskars & Willassen, 2016 * ''Philine columnaria'' Hedley & May, 1908 * ''Philine complanata'' Watson, 1897 * ''Philine constricta'' Murdoch and Suter, 1906 * ''Philine cumingii'' (Adams 1862) * ''Philine denticulata'' (J. Adams, 1800) * ''Philine dentiphallus'' Gonzales & Gosliner, 2014 * ''Philine elegans'' Bergh, 1905 * ''Philine exigua'' Challis, 1969 * ''Philine fenestra'' Price, Gosliner & Valdés, 2011 * ''Philine gelida'' van der Linden, 1995 * ''Philine guineensis'' Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1966 * ''Philine habei'' Valdés, 2008 * ''Philine harrisae'' Valdés, Cadien & Gosliner, 2016 * ''Philine hemphilli'' Dall, 1919 * ''Philine infortunata'' Pilsbry, 1895 * ''Philine infundibulum'' Dall, 1889 * ''Philine intricata'' Monterosato, 1875 * ''Philine iris'' Tringali, 2001 * ''Philine kinglipini'' Tchang, 1934 * ''Philine kurodai'' Habe, 1946 * ''Philine lucida'' Dall, 1927 * ''Philine malaquiasi'' Valdés, Cadien & Gosliner, 2016 * ''Philine mcleani'' Valdés, Cadien & Gosliner, 2016 * ''Philine mera'' Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1969 * ''Philine monilifera'' Bouchet, 1975 * ''Philine monterosati'' Monterosato, 1874 * ''Philine multipapillata'' Gonzales & Gosliner, 2014 * ''Philine orca'' Gosliner, 1988 * ''Philine orientalis'' A. Adams, 1854 * ''Philine multipapillata'' Gonzales & Gosliner, 2014 * ''Philine paucipapillata'' Price, Gosliner & Valdés, 2011 * ''Philine pittmani'' Gonzales & Gosliner, 2014 * ''Philine planata'' Dall, 1889 * ''Philine polystrigma'' (Dall, 1908) * ''Philine powelli'' Rudman, 1870 * ''Philine puka'' Price, Gosliner & Valdés, 2011 * ''Philine punctata'' (J. Adams, 1800) * ''Philine quadripartita'' Ascanius, 1772 * ''Philine rubra'' Bergh, 1905 * ''Philine rubrata'' Gosliner, 1988 * ''Philine rugosula'' Dautzenberg & Fischer H., 1896 * ''Philine sagra'' (d'Orbigny, 1841) - crenulate paper-bubble, crenulate paperbubble * ''Philine sarcophaga'' Price, Gosliner & Valdés, 2011 * ''Philine scalpta'' Adams, 1862 * ''Philine schrammi'' Malaquias, Ohnheiser, Oskars & Willassen, 2016 * † ''Philine seyithasanensis'' Landau, Harzhauser, İslamoğlu & C. M. Silva, 2013 * ''Philine sinuata'' Stimpson, 1851 * ''Philine striatula'' Monterosato, 1874 * ''Philine striolata'' A. Adams, 1862 * † ''Philine takatensis'' Yokoyama, 1922 * ''Philine talismani'' Sykes, 1905 * † ''Philine tepikia'' Rudman, 1970 * ''Philine teres'' Hedley, 1903 * ''Philine tincta'' A. E. Verrill, 1882 - tinted paper-bubble, tinted paperbubble * ''Philine trapezia'' Hedley, 1902 * ''Philine umbilicata'' Murdoch and Suter, 1906 * ''Philine vaillanti'' Issel, 1869 * ''Philine verdensis'' Gonzales & Gosliner, 2014 * ''Philine vestita'' (Philippi, 1840) * ''Philine wareni'' Valdés, Cadien & Gosliner, 2016 {{div col end}}

;Taxa inquirenda * ''Philine acutangula'' A. Adams, 1862 * ''Philine desmotis'' Watson, 1897 * ''Philine minuta'' Thiele, 1925 * ''Philine sykesii'' Melvill, 1904 * ''Philine truncatissima'' G. B. Sowerby II, 1870 * ''Philine vitrea'' Gould, 1859

; Species brought into synonymy: * ''Philine alata'' Thiele, 1912: synonym of ''Antarctophiline alata'' (Thiele, 1912) (original combination) * ''Philine alba'' Mattox, 1958 - white paper-bubble, white paperbubble: synonym of ''Philinorbis albus'' (Mattox, 1958) (original combination) * ''Philine alternans'' van der Linden, 1995: synonym of ''Laona alternans'' (van der Linden, 1995) (original combination) * ''Philine antarctica'' Smith, 1902: synonym of ''Waegelea antarctica'' (E. A. Smith, 1902) (original combination) * ''Philine apertissima'' Smith, 1902: synonym of ''Antarctophiline apertissima'' (E. A. Smith, 1902) (original combination) * ''Philine apertissima'' de Folin, 1893: synonym of ''Philine quadripartita'' Ascanius, 1772 * ''Philine argentata'' Gould, 1859: synonym of ''Philine orientalis'' A. Adams, 1854 * ''Philine californica'' Willett, 1944 - California paper-bubble, California paperbubble : synonym of ''Laona californica'' (Willett, 1944) (original combination) * ''Philine calva'' van der Linden, 1995: synonym of ''Philine striatula'' Monterosato, 1874 * ''Philine chilla'' Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1969: synonym of ''Laona chilla'' (Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1969) (original combination) * ''Philine cingulata'' G. O. Sars, 1878 - girdled paper-bubble, girdled paperbubble : synonym of ''Philine finmarchica'' M. Sars, 1858 * ''Philine condensa'' van der Linden, 1995: synonym of ''Laona condensa'' (van der Linden, 1995) (original combination) * ''Philine confusa'' Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013: synonym of ''Laona confusa'' (Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013) * ''Philine falklandica'' A. W. B. Powell, 1951: synonym of ''Antarctophiline falklandica'' (Powell, 1951) (original combination) * ''Philine fragilis'' G. O. Sars, 1878 - fragile paper-bubble, fragile paperbubble : synonym of ''Philine finmarchica'' M. Sars, 1858: synonym of ''Praephiline finmarchica'' (M. Sars, 1859) * ''Philine gibba'' (Strebel, 1908): synonym of ''Antarctophiline gibba'' (Strebel, 1908) (original combination) * ''Philine gouldi'' Doello-Jurado, 1918: synonym of ''Antarctophiline gibba'' (Strebel, 1908) * ''Philine grandioculi'' Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013: synonym of ''Laona grandioculi'' (Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013) * ''Philine indistincta'' Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013: synonym of ''Hermania indistincta'' (Ohnheiser & Malaquias, 2013) (original combination) * ''Philine japonica'' Lischke, 1872: synonym of ''Philine orientalis'' A. Adams, 1854 * ''Philine kawamurai'' (Habe, 1958): synonym of ''Globophiline kawamurai'' Habe, 1958 * ''Philine kerguelensis'' Thiele, 1925: synonym of ''Spiraphiline kerguelensis'' (Thiele, 1925) (original combination) * ''Philine laevissima'' M. Sars, 1859: synonym of ''Diaphana hiemalis'' (Couthouy, 1839) * ''Philine lima'' (T. Brown, 1825) - file paper-bubble, file paperbubble: synonym of ''Retusophiline lima'' (T. Brown, 1827) * ''Philine lineolata'' (Couthouy, 1839): synonym of ''Philine lima'' (T. Brown, 1825): synonym of ''Retusophiline lima'' (T. Brown, 1827) * ''Philine loveni'' Malm, 1858: synonym of ''Philine scabra'' (O. F. Müller, 1784) * ''Philine milneedwardsi'' Locard, 1897: synonym of ''Philine quadripartita'' Ascanius, 1772 * ''Philine monterosatoi'' Sykes, 1905: synonym of ''Philine monterosati'' Monterosato, 1874 (unjustified emendation) * ''Philine ossiansarsi'' Friele, 1877: synonym of ''Philine finmarchica'' M. Sars, 1858 * ''Philine polaris'' Aurivillius, 1885 - axial paper-bubble, axial paperbubble: synonym of ''Philine quadrata'' (S. Wood, 1839) * ''Philine pruinosa'' (Clark, 1827): synonym of ''Laona pruinosa'' (W. Clark, 1827) * ''Philine polystrigma'' (Dall, 1908): synonym of ''Woodbridgea polystrigma'' (Dall, 1908) * ''Philine quadrata'' (S. V. Wood, 1839) - quadrate paper-bubble, quadrate paperbubble: synonym of ''Laona quadrata'' (S. Wood, 1839) * ''Philine retifera'' (Forbes, 1844): synonym of ''Philine vestita'' (Philippi, 1840) * ''Philine rugulosa'' (Dautzenberg & Fischer H., 1896): synonym of ''Philine rugosula'' Dautzenberg & Fischer H., 1896 * ''Philine scabra'' Muller, 1784: synonym of ''Hermania scabra'' (O. F. Müller, 1784) * ''Philine sinuata'' Stimpson, 1851 - sinuate paper-bubble, sinuate paperbubble : synonym of ''Philine denticulata'' (Adams J., 1800) * ''Philine striatella'' Tapparone-Canefri, 1874 : synonym of ''Philine orientalis'' A. Adams, 1854 * ''Philine trachyostraca'' Watson, 1897: synonym of ''Philine retifera'' (Forbes, 1844) * ''Philine thurmanni'' Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1969: synonym of ''Laona thurmanni'' (Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1969) * ''Philine ventricosa'' (Jeffreys, 1865): synonym of ''Laona ventricosa'' (Jeffreys, 1865)

==References== {{Reflist}} * Vaught, K.C. (1989). ''A classification of the living Mollusca''. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). {{ISBN|0-915826-22-4}}. XII, 195 pp. * Chaban E.M. & Soldatenko E.V. (2009) ''Description of a new genus Praephiline gen. nov. (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia: Philinidae)''. Zoosystematica Rossica 18(2): 205-211. * Price R.M., Gosliner T.M. & Valdés A. (2011) ''Systematics and phylogeny of Philine (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia), with emphasis on the Philine aperta species complex''. The Veliger 51(2): 1-58.

== External links == {{Commons category}} *{{Wikispecies-inline|Philine|''Philine''}} * {{ITIS |id=76176 |taxon=''Philine''}} * Powell A. W. B., ''New Zealand Mollusca'', William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 {{ISBN|0-00-216906-1}}

Category:Philinidae