Phellinus

{{Short description|Genus of fungi}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Phellinus.pomaceus2.-.lindsey.jpg | image_caption = ''Phellinus pomaceus'' | taxon = Phellinus | authority = Quél. (1886) | type_species = ''Phellinus igniarius'' | type_species_authority = (L.) Quél. (1886) | subdivision = See List of Phellinus species }}

'''''Phellinus''''' is a genus of fungi in the family Hymenochaetaceae. Many species cause white rot. Fruit bodies, which are found growing on wood, are resupinate, sessile, and perennial. The flesh is tough and woody or cork-like, and brown in color. Clamp connections are absent, and the skeletal hyphae are yellowish-brown.<ref name="Martin 1990"/>

The name ''Phellinus'' means ''cork''.<ref name="Halpern 2007"/>

The species ''Phellinus ellipsoideus'' (previously ''Fomitiporia ellipsoidea'') produced the largest ever fungal fruit body.<ref name="Dai 2012"/><ref name="Dai 2011"/> thumb|Phellinin A-B.png ''Phellinus'' species produce a number of natural chemicals which are of interest to science. These include the natural phenol hispidin,<ref name="Lee 2007"/> bio-active styrylpyrones called phelligridins,<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lee|first1=In-Kyoung|last2=Han|first2=Myung-Suk|last3=Lee|first3=Myeong-Seok|last4=Kim|first4=Young-Sook|last5=Yun|first5=Bong-Sik|date=2010-09-15|title=Styrylpyrones from the medicinal fungus Phellinus baumii and their antioxidant properties|journal=Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters|volume=20|issue=18|pages=5459–5461|doi=10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.07.093|issn=1464-3405|pmid=20708931}}</ref> and bio-active isolates called phellinins.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lee|first1=In-Kyoung|last2=Jung|first2=Jin-Young|last3=Kim|first3=Young-Ho|last4=Yun|first4=Bong-Sik|date=May 2010|title=Phellinins B and C, new styrylpyrones from the culture broth of Phellinus sp|journal=The Journal of Antibiotics|volume=63|issue=5|pages=263–266|doi=10.1038/ja.2010.25|issn=1881-1469|pmid=20339398|doi-access=free}}</ref>

==Uses== In Australia, Indigenous Australians have used ''Phellinus'' fruit bodies medicinally. The smoke from burning fruit bodies was inhaled by those with sore throats. Scrapings from slightly charred fruit bodies were drunk with water to treat coughing, sore throats, "bad chests", fevers and diarrhoea. There is some uncertainty about which species of ''Phellinus'' were used.<ref name="Kalotas 1996"/>

==Species== {{Main|List of Phellinus species}} {{As of|2025|October}}, ''Catalogue of Life'' lists 94 species in the genus ''Phellinus''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Phellinus Quél. {{!}} COL |url=https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/6N4C |access-date=2025-10-16 |website=www.catalogueoflife.org}}</ref> Selected species include: * ''Phellinus ellipsoideus'' * ''Phellinus igniarius'' * ''Phellinus lundellii'' * ''Phellinus pomaceus'' * ''Phellinus tremulae'' * ''Phellinus viticola''

The widespread species ''Fulvifomes robiniae'' was formerly considered within ''Phellinus'', but was moved to the genus ''Fulvifomes'' when that genus was resurrected based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic evidence.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Salvador-Montoya |first1=Carlos A. |last2=Popoff |first2=Orlando F. |last3=Reck |first3=Mateus |last4=Drechsler-Santos |first4=Elisandro R. |title=Taxonomic delimitation of ''Fulvifomes robiniae'' (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) and related species in America: ''F. squamosus'' sp. nov. |journal=Plant Systematics and Evolution |date=1 March 2018 |volume=304 |issue=3 |pages=445–459 |doi=10.1007/s00606-017-1487-7 |url=https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/bitstream/handle/11336/89611/CONICET_Digital_Nro.e23c2e09-8bcb-4e13-b4ff-aba14feb61d9_A.pdf |access-date=11 January 2025}}</ref>

==References== {{Commons category|position=left|Phellinus}} {{Reflist|colwidth=30em|refs=

<ref name="Dai 2011">{{cite journal |author=Dai Y-C, Cui B-K. |year=2011 |title=''Fomitiporia ellipsoid'' has the largest fruiting body among the fungi |journal=Fungal Biology |volume=115 |issue=9 |pages=813–4 |pmid=21872178 |doi=10.1016/j.funbio.2011.06.008|bibcode=2011FunB..115..813D }}</ref>

<ref name="Dai 2012">{{cite journal |author=Cui B-K, Decock C. |year=2012 |title=''Phellinus castanopsidis'' sp. nov. (Hymenochaetaceae) from southern China, with preliminary phylogeny based on rDNA sequences |journal=Mycological Progress |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=341–51 |doi=10.1007/s11557-012-0839-5|s2cid=17570036 }}</ref>

<ref name="Halpern 2007">{{cite book |author=Halpern GM |year=2007 |chapter=''Phellinus linteus'' |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FlrpouUh740C&pg=PA95 |page=95 |title=Healing Mushrooms |publisher=Square One Publishers |isbn=978-0-7570-0196-3}}</ref>

<ref name="Kalotas 1996">{{cite book |author=Kalotas A. |year=1996 |title=Introduction—Fungi in the Environment |series=Fungi of Australia |volume=1B |chapter=Aboriginal knowledge and use of fungi |location=Melbourne |publisher=CSIRO |url=http://www.anbg.gov.au/fungi/aboriginal.html |isbn=978-0-643-05936-8 |pages=269–95}}</ref>

<ref name="Lee 2007">{{cite journal |author=Lee I-K, Yun B-S. |year=2007 |title=Highly oxygenated and unsaturated metabolites providing a diversity of hispidin class antioxidants in the medicinal mushrooms ''Inonotus'' and ''Phellinus'' |journal=Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry |volume=15 |issue=10 |pages=3309–14 |pmid=17387019 |doi=10.1016/j.bmc.2007.03.039}}</ref>

<ref name="Martin 1990">{{cite book |author=Ellis MB, Ellis JB. |chapter=''Phellinus'' |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vowdIZ7GqD4C&pg=PA145 |pages=145–50 |title=Fungi Without Gills (Hymenomycetes and Gasteromycetes): An Identification Handbook |publisher=Chapman and Hall |location=London, UK |year=1990 |isbn=978-0-412-36970-4}}</ref>

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Category:Phellinus Category:Agaricomycetes genera