Phasianella

{{Short description|Genus of gastropods}} {{Automatic taxobox | fossil_range = {{fossil range|Middle Miocene|Recent|Badenian<ref name="Robertson 2010"/>-Recent}} | image = Phasianellidae - Phasianella solida.jpg | image_caption = A shell of ''Phasianella solida'' on display at the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano | taxon = Phasianella | authority = Lamarck, 1804<ref>Lamarck (1804). ''Ann. Mus. H.N.'', Paris, '''4'''(22): 295.</ref> | type_species= ''Phasianella australis'' Gmelin, J.F., 1791 | synonyms = * ''Bolina'' Rafinesque, 1815 * ''Eutropia'' Gray, 1847 * ''Orthopnoea'' Gistl, 1848 * ''Pasianella'' Gregorio, 1922 * ''Phaisianella'' King & Ping, 1933 * ''Thasianella'' Tolmer, 1928 | synonyms_ref = <ref>{{Cite web |title=IRMNG - Phasianella Lamarck, 1804 |url=https://irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1038836 |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=irmng.org}}</ref> }}

'''''Phasianella''''', common name the '''pheasant shells''', is a genus of small sea snails with a calcareous operculum and a colorfully patterned shell, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Phasianellidae.

==Description== The white shell has a bulimiform or subglobose shape. It is polished, without epidermis or nacre, variegated with bright colors. The heavy operculum is calcareous, internally paucispiral, with a nucleus near the basal margin. It is externally convex. The columella is smooth, arcuate and not dentate.

The animal has long tentacles, and has usually pectinated head lobes. These frontal lobes distinguish this genus from ''Tricolia'', which lacks frontal lobes. The epipodial line contains generally cirrhi. The branchial plume is long. The narrow foot is long, pointed posteriorly, rounded before. Below it is divided longitudinally by a median groove. The rhomboidal jaws are covered with imbricating scales. The radula is rather short. The formula of teeth is typically ∞ 5.1.5 ∞, but sometimes lacks the median and outer lateral teeth.<ref>[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/77914 G.W. Tryon (1888), Manual of Conchology X; Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia]</ref> Contrary to most spiral species, the two gills in Phasiannela are close together, so as to appear almost as one.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/manualofconcholo2tryo G.W. Tryon (1180) Manual of Conchology II, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia]</ref>

==Distribution== The species in this genus occur in the tropical Indo-West Pacific and off Australia.

==Species== Species within the genus ''Phasianella'' include:<ref>WoRMS (2009). ''Phasianella'' Lamarck, 1804. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through the World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=153557 on 4 January 2022</ref> * ''Phasianella australis'' (Gmelin, 1791)<ref>[http://clade.ansp.org/obis/search.php/7073 OBIS: ''Phasianella australis'']</ref> * † ''Phasianella brandenburgi'' O. Boettger, 1907<ref name="Robertson 2010">Robertson R. (2010). "A true ''Phasianella'' from the Middle Miocene (Badenian) Central Paratethys of Romania (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda: Phasianellidae)". ''Archiv für Molluskenkunde'' '''139'''(2): 247-253. {{doi|10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/139/247-253}}.</ref> * ''Phasianella bryani'' Pilsbry, 1917<ref name="jstor.org">[https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/4063728.pdf Henry A. Pilsbry (1917), Marine Mollusks of Hawaii, I-III; Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Vol. 69, No. 2 (Apr. -Sep., 1917), pp. 207-230]</ref> * ''Phasianella molokaiensis'' Pilsbry, 1917<ref name="jstor.org"/> (taxon inquirendum) * ''Phasianella nivosa'' Reeve, 1862 * ''Phasianella solida'' (Born, 1778) * ''Phasianella ventricosa'' Swainson, 1822<ref>[http://clade.ansp.org/obis/search.php/7080 OBIS: ''Phansianella ventricosa'']</ref> * ''Phasianella wisemanni'' Baird, 1873<ref>[http://clade.ansp.org/obis/search.php/90501 OBIS: ''Phasianella wisemanni'']</ref> (taxon inquirendum)

;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Phasianella adamsi'' Philippi, 1853: synonym of ''Eulithidium adamsi'' (Philippi, 1853) * ''Phasianella aethiopica'' Philippi, 1853: synonym of ''Phasianella solida'' (Born, 1778) * ''Phasianella affinis'' C. B. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''Eulithidium affine'' (C. B. Adams, 1850) * ''Phasianella africana'' Bartsch, 1915: synonym of ''Tricolia africana'' (Bartsch, 1915) * ''Phasianella angulifera'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of ''Littoraria angulifera'' (Lamarck, 1822) * ''Phasianella bella'' M. Smith, 1937: synonym of ''Eulithidium bellum'' (M. Smith, 1937) * ''Phasianella bifasciata'' Brown, 1827: synonym of ''Lacuna vincta'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Phasianella brevis'' C. B. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''Eulithidium adamsi'' (Philippi, 1853) * ''Phasianella brevis'' Vélain, 1877: synonym of ''Tricolia munieri'' (Vélain, 1877) * ''Phasianella brevis'' auct. non d'Orbigny, 1842: synonym of ''Gabrielona sulcifera'' Robertson, 1973 * ''Phasianella brevis'' Menke, 1843 : synonym of ''Phasianella ventricosa'' Swainson, 1822 (invalid: junior homonym of ''Phasianella brevis'' d'Orbigny, 1842; ''P. turgida'' is a replacement name) * ''Phasianella brevissima'' Pilsbry, 1888: synonym of ''Eulithidium breve'' (d'Orbigny, 1842) [nomen dubium] * ''Phasianella bulimoides'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of ''Phasianella australis'' Gmelin, 1788 * ''Phasianella caloundra'' Iredale, 1927:<ref>[http://clade.ansp.org/obis/search.php/81563 OBIS: ''Phasianella caloundra'']</ref> synonym of ''Phasianella solida'' (Born, 1778) * ''Phasianella canalis'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''Lacuna vincta'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Phasianella capensis'' Dunker, 1846: synonym of ''Tricolia capensis'' (Dunker, 1846) * ''Phasianella concinna'' C. B. Adams, 1850 : synonym of ''Eulithidium affine'' (C. B. Adams, 1850) * ''Phasianella concolor'' C. B. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''Assiminea succinea'' (Pfeiffer, 1840) * ''Phasianella cornea'' Brown, 1827: synonym of ''Lacuna vincta'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Phasianella crassior'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''Lacuna crassior'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Phasianella decorata'' Chenu: synonym of ''Phasianella australis'' Gmelin, 1788 * ''Phasianella delicatula'' Tenison-Woods, J.E., 1877: synonym of ''Phasianella australis'' Gmelin, 1788 * ''Phasianella elachista'' Melvill, 1901: synonym of ''Tricolia fordiana'' (Pilsbry, 1888) * ''Phasianella elongata'' Krauss, 1848: : synonym of ''Tricolia elongata'' (Krauss, 1848) * ''Phasianella fasciata'' Menke, 1830: synonym of ''Bankivia fasciata'' (Menke, 1830) * ''Phasianella ferussaci'' Guerin 1829 : synonym of ''Tricolia speciosa'' (Mühlfeld, 1824) * ''Phasianella flammulata'' (Hutton, 1878): synonym of ''Eatoniella huttoni'' (Pilsbry, 1888) * ''Phasianella formosa'' Turton, 1932: synonym of ''Tricolia formosa'' (Turton, 1932) * ''Phasianella fulgurata'' Reeve, 1862: synonym of ''Phasianella variegata'' Lamarck, 1822 * ''Phasianella fulminata'' Menke, 1830: synonym of ''Bankivia fasciata'' (Menke, 1830) * ''Phasianella grata'' Philippi, 1853: synonym of ''Phasianella solida'' (Born, 1778) * ''Phasianella histrio'' Reeve, 1862: synonym of ''Phasianella solida'' (Born, 1778) * ''Phasianella inflexa'' Blainville, 1825: synonym of ''Melanella dufresnii'' Bowdich, 1822 * ''Phasianella intermedia'' Scacchi, 1836: synonym of ''Tricolia tenuis'' (Michaud, 1829) * ''Phasianella jaspidea'' Reeve, 1862: synonym of ''Phasianella solida'' (Born, 1778) * ''Phasianella kraussi'' E. A. Smith, 1911: synonym of ''Tricolia kraussi'' (E. A. Smith, 1911) * ''Phasianella lehmanni'' Menke, 1830: synonym of ''Phasianella australis'' Gmelin, 1788 * ''Phasianella lentiginosa'' Reeve: synonym of ''Phasianella variegata'' Lamarck, 1822 * ''Phasianella lineata'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of ''Littoraria tessellata'' (Philippi, 1847) * ''Phasianella lineata'' auct. non Lamarck, 1822: synonym of ''Echinolittorina interrupta'' (Philippi, 1847) * ''Phasianella lineolata'' Wood, 1828: synonym of ''Phasianella variegata'' Lamarck, 1822 * ''Phasianella lipeata'' Krebs, 1864: synonym of ''Eulithidium tessellatum'' (Potiez & Michaud, 1838) * ''Phasianella lymnaeoides'' Anton 1839: synonym of ''Tricolia speciosa'' (Mühlfeld, 1824) * ''Phasianella meleagris'' Potiez & Michaud, 1838: synonym of ''Echinolittorina meleagris'' (Potiez & Michaud, 1838) * ''Phasianella minima'' Melvill, 1896: synonym of ''Tricolia fordiana'' (Pilsbry, 1888) * ''Phasianella minuta'' Anton, 1838: synonym of ''Eulithidium tessellatum'' (Potiez & Michaud, 1838) * ''Phasianella modesta'' Gould, 1861: synonym of ''Phasianella solida'' (Born, 1778) * ''Phasianella montebelloensis'' Preston, 1914: synonym of ''Phasianella variegata'' Lamarck, 1822 * ''Phasianella munieri'' Vélain, 1877: synonym of ''Tricolia munieri'' (Vélain, 1877) * ''Phasianella nebulosa'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of ''Littoraria nebulosa'' (Lamarck, 1822) * ''Phasianella nepeanensis'' Gatliff & Gabriel, 1908: synonym of ''Gabrielona nepeanensis'' (Gatliff & Gabriel, 1908) * ''Phasianella neritina'' Dunker, 1846: synonym of ''Tricolia neritina'' (Dunker, 1846) * ''Phasianella nivosa'' Reeve, 1848: synonym of ''Phasianella variegata'' Lamarck, 1822 * ''Phasianella peruviana'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of ''Echinolittorina peruviana'' (Lamarck, 1822) * ''Phasianella petiti'' Craven, 1882: synonym of ''Tricolia petiti'' (Craven, 1882) * ''Phasianella picta'' DeBlain: synonym of ''Phasianella australis'' Gmelin, 1788 * ''Phasianella preissi'' Menke, 1830: synonym of ''Phasianella australis'' Gmelin, 1788 * ''Phasianella pullus'' (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of ''Tricolia pullus'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Phasianella punctata'' Pfeiffer, 1840: synonym of ''Echinolittorina meleagris'' (Potiez & Michaud, 1838) * ''Phasianella reticulata'' Reeve, 1862: synonym of ''Phasianella ventricosa'' Swainson, 1822 * ''Phasianella rubens'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of ''Phasianella variegata'' Lamarck, 1822 * ''Phasianella sanguinea'' Reeve, 1862: synonym of ''Phasianella ventricosa'' Swainson, 1822 * ''Phasianella speciosa'' var. ''albina'' Monterosato 1880: synonym of ''Tricolia speciosa'' (Mühlfeld, 1824) * ''Phasianella speciosa'' var. ''atra'' Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfus 1884: synonym of ''Tricolia speciosa'' (Mühlfeld, 1824) * ''Phasianella speciosa'' var. ''atrata'' Dautzenberg 1883: synonym of ''Tricolia speciosa'' (Mühlfeld, 1824) * ''Phasianella speciosa'' var. ''aurea'' Dautzenberg 1882: synonym of ''Tricolia speciosa'' (Mühlfeld, 1824) * ''Phasianella speciosa'' var. ''lactea'' Monterosato 1880: synonym of ''Tricolia speciosa'' (Mühlfeld, 1824) * ''Phasianella speciosa'' var. ''maculata'' Monterosato 1880: synonym of ''Tricolia speciosa'' (Mühlfeld, 1824) * ''Phasianella speciosa'' var. ''major'' Monterosato 1880: synonym of ''Tricolia speciosa'' (Mühlfeld, 1824) * ''Phasianella speciosa'' var. ''normalis'' Monterosato 1880: synonym of ''Tricolia speciosa'' (Mühlfeld, 1824) * ''Phasianella speciosa'' var. ''purpurea'' Dautzenberg 1883: synonym of ''Tricolia speciosa'' (Mühlfeld, 1824) * ''Phasianella speciosa'' var. ''sanguinea'' Bucquoy, Dautzenberg & Dollfus 1884: synonym of ''Tricolia speciosa'' (Mühlfeld, 1824) * ''Phasianella speciosa'' var. ''spirolineata'' Monterosato 1880: synonym of ''Tricolia speciosa'' (Mühlfeld, 1824) * ''Phasianella speciosa'' var. ''viridis'' Monterosato 1880: synonym of ''Tricolia speciosa'' (Mühlfeld, 1824) * ''Phasianella splendida'' Philippi, 1853: synonym of ''Phasianella variegata'' Lamarck, 1822 * ''Phasianella striata'' Brown, 1827: synonym of ''Lacuna vincta'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Phasianella striolata'' Turton, 1932: synonym of ''Tricolia striolata'' (Turton, 1932) * ''Phasianella stylifera'' Turton, 1825: synonym of ''Pelseneeria stylifera'' (Turton, 1825) * ''Phasianella sulcata'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of ''Littoraria irrorata'' (Say, 1822) * ''Phasianella sulcosa'' Mighels, 1843: synonym of ''Odostomia sulcosa'' (Mighels, 1843) * ''Phasianella tessellata'' Potiez & Michaud, 1838: synonym of ''Eulithidium tessellatum'' (Potiez & Michaud, 1838) * ''Phasianella tesselata'' C. B. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''Eulithidium tessellatum'' (Potiez & Michaud, 1838) * ''Phasianella tessellata'' Anton, 1838: synonym of ''Echinolittorina punctata'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Phasianella thaanumi'' Pilsbry, 1917:<ref name="jstor.org"/> synonym of ''Hiloa variabilis'' (Pease, 1861) * ''Phasianella tomlini'' Gatliff & Gabriel, 1921: synonym of ''Tricolia tomlini'' (Gatliff & Gabriel, 1921) * ''Phasianella tritonis'' Chemnitz, 1788: synonym of ''Phasianella australis'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Phasianella turgida'' Philippi, 1853 : synonym of ''Phasianella ventricosa'' Swainson, 1822 * ''Phasianella undatella'' Menke, 1830: synonym of ''Bankivia fasciata'' (Menke, 1830) * ''Phasianella variabilis'' Pease, 1888:<ref name="jstor.org"/> synonym of ''Hiloa variabilis'' (Pease, 1861) (unaccepted combination) * ''Phasianella variegata'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of ''Phasianella solida'' (Born, 1778) (invalid: junior homonym of ''P. variegata'' de Roissy, 1805) * ''Phasianella velaini'' Lamy, 1931: synonym of ''Tricolia munieri'' (Vélain, 1877) * ''Phasianella umbilicatum'' auct. non d'Orbigny, 1842: synonym of ''Eulithidium affine'' (C. B. Adams, 1850) * ''Phasianella varia'' Lamarck, 1822: : synonym of ''Phasianella australis'' Gmelin, 1788 * ''Phasianella venosa'' Reeve, 1862: synonym of ''Phasianella ventricosa''Swainson, 1822 * ''Phasianella venusta'' Reeve, 1848: synonym of ''Phasianella australis'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Phasianella vincta'' Montagu, 1803: synonym of ''Lacuna vincta'' (Montagu, 1803) * ''Phasianella viridis'' Anton: synonym of ''Phasianella variegata'' Lamarck, 1822 * ''Phasianella zebra'' Gray in Reeve, 1862: synonym of ''Phasianella ventricosa''Swainson, 1822 * ''Phasianella zigzag'' Odhner, 1919: : synonym of ''Phasianella solida'' (Born, 1778)

==References== {{Reflist|2}} * Vaught, K.C. (1989). ''A classification of the living Mollusca''. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). {{ISBN|0-915826-22-4}}. XII, 195 pp.

==External links== {{Commons category}} * [https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/335752 Uniprot taxonomy] * [http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=153557 WoRMS]

Category:Phasianellidae Category:Extant Miocene first appearances Category:Gastropod genera Category:Taxa named by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck