{{short description|Place in Lower Austria, Austria}} {{use dmy dates|date=December 2021}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Petronell-Carnuntum | native_name = | settlement_type = Municipality <!-- Images --> | image_skyline = Heidentor (3413019236).jpg | imagesize = | image_caption = The Heidentor in Petronell Carnuntum | image_flag = AUT_Flagge_Petronell-Carnuntum.svg | image_shield = AUT Petronell-Carnuntum COA.svg | shield_size = 80x110px | shield_link = <!-- Maps --> | pushpin_map = Austria | pushpin_mapsize = 270 | pushpin_map_caption = Location within Austria | image_map = | mapsize = | map_alt = | map_caption = Location within Bruck an der Leitha district <!-- Location -->| coordinates = {{coord|48|7|N|16|51|E|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Austria | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = Lower Austria | subdivision_type2 = District | subdivision_name2 = Bruck an der Leitha | parts_type = | parts_style = para | p1 = <!-- Leaders --> | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Martin Almstädter (SPÖ) | leader_party = | leader_title1 = | leader_name1 = <!-- Statistics --> | area_footnotes = {{Austria population Wikidata|area_footnotes}} | area_total_km2 = {{Austria population Wikidata|area_total_km2}} | area_metro_km2 = | elevation_m = 175 | elevation_max_m = | elevation_min_m = | population_as_of = {{Austria population Wikidata|population_as_of}} | population_footnotes = {{Austria population Wikidata|population_footnotes}} | population_total = {{Austria population Wikidata|population_total}} | population_urban = | population_metro = | population_note = | population_density_km2 = auto | established_title = | established_date = | timezone = CET | timezone_DST = CEST | utc_offset = +1 | utc_offset_DST = +2 | registration_plate = | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 2404 | area_code_type = Area code | area_code = 02163 | website = [https://www.petronell.at www.petronell.at] | footnotes = }} '''Petronell-Carnuntum''' is a community of Bruck an der Leitha in Austria. It is known for its proximity to the former Roman fort of Carnuntum.
==History== The village derives the second half of its name, Carnuntum, from the ancient Roman legionary fortress and headquarters of the Pannonian fleet from 50 AD, and later a large city of 50,000 inhabitants.<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=ilyK1_1f0zYC&pg=PA54 |page= 54&–55 |title=Historical Dictionary of Austria |first=Paula |last=Sutter Fichtner |publisher=Scarecrow Press |date=2009 |isbn=9780810863101}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=BtncoXdlxdkC&pg=PA109 |page=109 |title=The Danube: A Cultural History |first=Andrew |last=Beattie |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=2010 |isbn=9780199768356}}</ref> [[File:Carnuntum Amphiteater Zivilstadt.jpg|thumb|Carnuntum Amphiteater|left]] A 2000-year-old amphitheatre, which was built outside the city walls around the late 2nd century is still partly standing. The arena was originally surrounded by stadium seating for 13,000 spectators. A hexagonal basin, speculated to be a baptismal font, was built in the 4th century AD.<ref>{{cite web | title=Civilian City's Amphitheatre | website=Römerstadt Carnuntum | url=https://www.carnuntum.at/en/visitor-information/venues-and-orientation-in-carnuntum/civilian-citys-amphitheatre/civilian-citys-amphitheatre | access-date=14 December 2021 | archive-date=14 December 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211214073221/https://www.carnuntum.at/en/visitor-information/venues-and-orientation-in-carnuntum/civilian-citys-amphitheatre/civilian-citys-amphitheatre | url-status=dead }}</ref>
The Romans gave up the city in the 5th century, but the settlement remained inhabited. Agnes of Poitou (d. 1077), the widow of Emperor Henry III, gave the lands, which extended to Rohrau Castle, to Count Palatine Rapoto V of Bavaria. He possibly dedicated the local church to the patron Saint Petronilla in her honour. This gave the name to the first half of the town name, ''Petronell''.
At the beginning of the 12th century Henry's descendant Diepold III, Margrave of Vohburg, gave the lands to Hugo von Liechtenstein (d. 1156).<ref>[https://www.burgliechtenstein.eu/de/die-burg/hugo-von-liechtenstein.html Der Erbauer der Burg - Hugo von Liechtenstein], Website der Burg Liechtenstein</ref> Hugo built Liechtenstein Castle about 45 km to the west. He was the progenitor of the House of Liechtenstein, the ruling family of the Principality of Liechtenstein. Petronell and Rohrau, which became his own property in 1142 from feudal property, remained important Liechtenstein seats during the High Middle Ages.
thumb|Schloss Petronell After the Liechtensteiners, the lords of Kranichberg took over the property by marriage in 1306. From 1496 the estate was in the hands of different owners until it came to Ernst III of Traun by marriage in 1650 who was made Count of Abensberg-Traun in 1653. Petronell Castle was rebuilt after previous buildings (medieval castle, Renaissance castle) from 1660 to 1667 by Dominico Carlone (around 1615–1679) in the form of a four-winged castle complex for the Abensperg-Traun family in the early Baroque style. It was owned by the Abensperg-Traun family for 17 generations and was sold to a private investor in 2006.
==Geography== Petronell-Carnuntum lies in the Industrieviertel area of Lower Austria. About 26 percent of the municipality is forested. It lies on the southern bank of the Danube, southwest of Hainburg an der Donau.
==Transport==
===Trains=== Petronell-Carnuntum Bahnhof is served by services to Rex 7 and S7 to Wolfsthal and Vienna.
==Population==
=== Population development === From 1991 to 2001, both the birth balance and the migration balance were negative. After that, immigration was stronger than the negative birth balance.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=2020-10-14 |publisher=Statistik Austria |title=Ein Blick auf die Gemeinde Petronell-Carnuntum, Bevölkerungsentwicklung |url=https://www.statistik.at/blickgem/G0201/g30718.pdf}}<!-- auto-translated from German by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> <timeline> Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.7) id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1) id:age014 value:rgb(0.3,0.3,1) id:age1564 value:rgb(0.5,0.5,1) ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:20 PlotArea = left:40 bottom:40 top:20 right:20 DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:1400 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal AlignBars = late ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:500 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:100 start:0 BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo PlotData= color:skyblue width:14 shift:(-50,-5) fontsize:M anchor:till bar:1869 from:0 till:834 text:834 bar:1880 from:0 till:898 text:898 bar:1890 from:0 till:971 text:971 bar:1900 from:0 till:954 text:954 bar:1910 from:0 till:1072 text:1.072 bar:1923 from:0 till:1180 text:1.180 bar:1934 from:0 till:1163 text:1.163 bar:1939 from:0 till:1137 text:1.137 bar:1951 from:0 till:1256 text:1.256 bar:1961 from:0 till:1214 text:1.214 bar:1971 from:0 till:1236 text:1.236 bar:1981 from:0 till:1241 text:1.241 bar:1991 from:0 till:1202 text:1.202 bar:2001 from:0 till:1158 text:1.158 bar:2011 from:0 till:1192 text:1.192 bar:2021 from:0 till:1269 text:1.269 TextData= fontsize:S pos:(35,20) text:"Population; Source: Statistik Austria" </timeline>
==Culture== The World Theatre Festival Art Carnumtum ({{langx|de|Art Carnuntum Welttheater Festival}}<ref name=hw/>) is held each year in the ancient amphitheatre. Art Carnuntum is a cultural organisation that aims support the cultural and philosophical heritage of Europe and promotes classical drama in both traditional and contemporary styles.<ref name=about/> The festival was founded around 1988<ref name=hw/> by Piero Bordin,<ref name=about>{{cite web | title=About us | website=Home | url=https://www.artcarnuntum.com/en/ABOUT-US/ | access-date=14 December 2021 | archive-date=14 December 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211214065825/https://www.artcarnuntum.com/en/ABOUT-US/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> who died suddenly in March 2021. His daughter Constantina Bordin is artistic director.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.noen.at/niederoesterreich/kultur-festivals/nachgefragt-constantina-bordin-jede-sekunde-war-eine-sternstunde-petronell-carnuntum-art-carnuntum-constantina-bordin-nachgefragt-print-287139666|title=Constantina Bordin: "Jede Sekunde war eine Sternstunde"| work=NÖN.at|date = 26 August 2021}}</ref> Collaborators from Greece include Irini Pappas, Michalis Kakogianis, and Theodoros Terzopoulus, and the popular festival has become known as an international centre for ancient drama as well as European classical and modern music.<ref name=hw/>
The festival was held in August in 2021.<ref name=hw>{{cite web | title=Art Carnuntum Welttheater Festival 2021 | website=Hephaestus Wien | date=26 July 2021|first=Georg| last=Gstrein | url=https://hephaestuswien.com/art-carnuntum-welttheater-festival-2021/ | language=de | access-date=14 December 2021}}</ref>
== Politics == The local council has 19 members.
* 1990: 11 SPÖ, 5 ÖVP and 3 Petronell citizens' list. * 1994: 10 SPÖ, 5 ÖVP and 4 Petronell citizens' list. * 1995: 8 SPÖ, 7 ÖVP and 4 Petronell citizens' list.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=2021-11-25 |title=Land Niederösterreich - Gemeinderatswahl 1995 |url=https://www.noe.gv.at/wahlen/G19951/Index.html#/G30718.htm}}<!-- auto-translated from German by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> * 2000: 12 ÖVP, 5 SPÖ and 2 Petronell citizens' list.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=2021-11-25 |title=Land Niederösterreich - Gemeinderatswahl 2000 |url=https://www.noe.gv.at/wahlen/G20001/Index.html#/G30718.htm}}<!-- auto-translated from German by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> * 2005: 10 ÖVP and 9 SPÖ.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=2021-11-25 |title=Land Niederösterreich - Gemeinderatswahl 2005 |url=https://www.noe.gv.at/wahlen/G20051/Index.html#/G30718.htm}}<!-- auto-translated from German by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> * 2010: 11 ÖVP, 7 SPÖ and 1 FPÖ.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=2021-11-25 |title=Land Niederösterreich - Gemeinderatswahl 2010 |url=https://www.noe.gv.at/wahlen/G20101/Index.html#/G30718.htm}}<!-- auto-translated from German by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> * 2015: 9 ÖVP, 9 SPÖ and 1 FPÖ.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=2021-11-25 |title=Land Niederösterreich - Gemeinderatswahl 2015 |url=https://www.noe.gv.at/wahlen/G20151/Index.html#/G30718.htm}}<!-- auto-translated from German by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> * 2020: 11 SPÖ and 8 ÖVP.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=2021-11-25 |title=Land Niederösterreich - Gemeinderatswahl 2020 |url=https://www.noe.gv.at/wahlen/G20201/Index.html#/G30718.htm}}<!-- auto-translated from German by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
=== Mayor === <!--Jahr–Jahr Vorname Nachname (Partei) chronologisch ergänzen--> * 1947–1948: Franz Braun (SPÖ) * 1948–1953: Anton Glaser (SPÖ) * 1953–1983: Viktor Schneider (SPÖ) * 1983–1995: Viktor Schneider jun. (SPÖ) * 1995–2004: Sven Ladek (ÖVP) * 2004–2017: Ingrid Scheumbauer (ÖVP) * since May 2017: Martin Almstädter (SPÖ) * since January 2025: Brassat Leonard,BA (ÖVP)
== See also == * Carnuntum * Heidentor * Amber Road * Art Carnuntum
==References== {{reflist}}
== External links == * {{official website|https://www.petronell.at/}}
{{Cities and town in Bruck an der Leitha (district)}} {{NeighbouringCommunities | CENTRE = Petronell-Carnuntum | NORTHWEST = Eckartsau (Gänserndorf) | NORTH = Engelhartstetten (Gänserndorf) | NORTHEAST = Hainburg | WEST = Scharndorf | EAST = Bad Deutsch-Altenburg | SOUTHWEST = Höflein | SOUTH = Rohrau | SOUTHEAST = }}
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Category:Cities and towns in Bruck an der Leitha District Category:Populated places on the Danube