{{Short description|20th-Century Hungarian-American, Anti-Communist academic and writer}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}} {{Infobox person |birth_date={{birth date|1932|10|3}} |birth_place=Budapest, Hungary |death_date={{death date and age|2019|4|9|1932|10|3}} |death_place= }} '''Paul Hollander''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|h|ɒ|l|ən|d|ər}}; 3 October 1932<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7bYRAQAAMAAJ&q=Paul+Hollander+3+Oct.+1932 |title = International Who's who of Authors and Writers|year = 2008| isbn=9781857434286 | last1= | first1= |publisher=Europa Publications}}</ref> – 9 April 2019)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.legacy.com/obituaries/gazettenet/obituary.aspx?n=paul-hollander&pid=192277119&referrer=0&preview=True|title=Paul Hollander Obituary (2019) Daily Hampshire Gazette|website=Legacy.com}}</ref> was a Hungarian-born political sociologist, communist-studies scholar, and non-fiction author. He is known for his criticisms of communism and left-wing politics in general.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nordlinger |first=Jay |date=2004-07-22 |title=Hollander’s Clear Eye |url=https://www.nationalreview.com/2004/07/hollanders-clear-eye-jay-nordlinger/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190823160229/https://www.nationalreview.com/2004/07/hollanders-clear-eye-jay-nordlinger/ |archive-date=August 23, 2019 |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=National Review |language=en-US}}</ref>
== Background == Born in 1932 in Budapest, he lived in Hungary with his Jewish family. When the Nazis persecuted Jews throughout the city, he had to hide from them when he was 12. His family was deported to work, after the communists came to power.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.city-journal.org/paul-hollander|title=The Beauty of Honesty|last1=Dalrymple |first1=Theodore |date=2019-04-16|website=City Journal|language=en|access-date=2019-07-16}}</ref>
He fled to the West during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 was bloodily put down by Soviet forces.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lawliberty.org/2019/04/19/paul-hollander-in-memoriam/|title=Paul Hollander, In Memoriam|date=2019-04-19|website=Law & Liberty|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-16}}</ref> First he escaped Austria and then to England.<ref name=":0" />
==Career== Hollander earned a Ph.D. in Sociology from Princeton University, 1963 and a B.A. from the London School of Economics, 1959. He was Professor of Sociology at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and a Center Associate of the Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies at Harvard University.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Paul Hollander |url=http://daviscenter.fas.harvard.edu/people/bio_hollander.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060901135333/http://daviscenter.fas.harvard.edu/people/bio_hollander.html |archive-date=2006-09-01 |access-date=2026-02-09 |website=Davis Center / Harvard}}</ref>
The anti-communist scholar<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://europeanconservative.com/2019/04/paul-hollander-1932-2019/|title=Paul Hollander (1932-2019)|last=Blog|first=22 April 2019|date=2019-04-22|website=European Conservative|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-16}}</ref> wrote many books and articles. He is best known for his works ''Political Pilgrims: Western Intellectuals In Search of the Good Society'', published in 1981, and ''Anti-Americanism'', published in 1992.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newcriterion.com/issues/2019/5/paul-hollander-19322019|title=Paul Hollander, 1932–2019|website=www.newcriterion.com|language=en|access-date=2019-07-16}}</ref>
He was a member of the national advisory council of the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation. Before his death, he compared Donald Trump with the dictators Benito Mussolini, Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin and Mao Zedong.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hollander |first=Paul |date=2016-04-27 |title=Donald Trump, Human Nature, and the Craving for Respect |url=https://www.the-american-interest.com/2016/04/27/donald-trump-human-nature-and-the-craving-for-respect/ |access-date=2024-05-18 |website=The American Interest |language=en-US}}</ref>
==Works== {{external media| float = right| video1 = [https://www.c-span.org/video/?25679-1/anti-americanism-home-abroad ''Booknotes'' interview with Hollander on ''Anti-Americanism: Critiques at Home and Abroad'' and ''Decline and Discontent'', April 19, 1992], C-SPAN| video2 = [https://www.c-span.org/video/?193244-1/from-gulag-killing-fields Presentation by Hollander on ''From the Gulag to the Killing Fields'', June 28, 2006], C-SPAN| video3 = [https://www.c-span.org/video/?433981-2/from-benito-mussolini-hugo-chavez Presentation by Hollander on ''From Benito Mussolini to Hugo Chavez'', September 13, 2017], C-SPAN}}
;Books Authored *{{cite book |author=Hollander, Paul |title=Soviet and American society : a comparison |year=1973 <!--isbn=-->}} *''Political Pilgrims'' (1981)<ref name=Cotte>{{cite news|last1=Cotte|first1=Simon|title=Pilgrims to the Islamic State|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2015/07/isis-foreign-fighters-political-pilgrims/399209/|access-date=24 July 2015|publisher=The Atlantic|date=24 July 2015}}</ref> *''The Many Faces of Socialism'' (1983) *''The Survival of the Adversary Culture'' (1988) *''Decline and Discontent'' (1992) *''Anti-Americanism: Critiques at Home and Abroad'' (1992) *''Political Will and Personal Belief: The Decline and Fall of Soviet Communism'' (1999) *''Discontents: Postmodern and Postcommunist'' (2002) *''The End of Commitment'' (2006) *''The Only Super Power'' (2009) *''Extravagant Expectations'' (2011) *''From Benito Mussolini to Hugo Chávez: Intellectuals and a Century of Political Hero Worship'' (2016)
;Books Edited *''American and Soviet Society'' (1969) *''Understanding Anti-Americanism'' (2004) *''From the Gulag to the Killing Fields'' (2006) *''Political Violence: Belief, Behavior and Legitimation'' (2008)
;Articles *{{cite journal |author=Hollander, Paul |date=October 1995 |title=Digesting the collapse of communism : responses of Western intellectuals |journal=Quadrant |volume=39 |issue=10 |pages=64–70 |url= <!--accessdate=-->}}
==References== {{reflist}}
==Further reading== *[https://newcriterion.com/issues/2002/2/which-god-has-failed "Which God Has Failed"], ''The New Criterion'' (February 2002)
==External links== {{Wikiquote|Paul Hollander}} *[https://daviscenter.fas.harvard.edu/about-us/people/paul-hollander Hollander at the Davis Center] at Harvard University. *[http://newcriterion.com/archives/author/phollander/ Hollander articles] at New Criterion *{{C-SPAN|16970}} *{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20080215230210/http://fora.tv/2006/06/28/Paul_Hollander Video of lecture at The Heritage Foundation]}} . Washington, D.C. 06.28.06. Mr. Hollander explains that while communism was developed to create a new sense of community, a more accurate description of the political ideology would be "violence with a higher purpose." *{{Internet Archive author |sname = Paul Hollander}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hollander, Paul}} Category:20th-century political scientists Category:21st-century political scientists Category:20th-century American sociologists Category:21st-century American sociologists Category:Political sociologists Category:Jewish American sociologists Category:American political writers Category:American male non-fiction writers Category:Quadrant (magazine) people Category:University of Massachusetts Amherst faculty Category:Princeton University alumni Category:Alumni of the London School of Economics Category:Hungarian emigrants to the United States Category:Hungarian anti-communists Category:American people of Hungarian-Jewish descent Category:21st-century American Jews Category:Harvard University staff