{{Short description|King of Paeonia, c. 335 – 315 BC}} {{Infobox royalty | name = Patraus | image = Patraos of Paeonia silver tetradrachm.jpg | caption = Silver tetradrachm struck sometime during Patraus' reign. {{abbr|Obv.|Obverse}}: laureate head of Apollo facing right; {{abbr|rev.|reverse}}: horseman spearing enemy warrior | succession = King of Paeonia | reign = {{circa|335}}–315 BC | full name = | predecessor = Lyppeius | successor = Audoleon | spouse = unknown | issue = Audoleon | dynasty = | father = | mother = | birth_date = ? | birth_place = | death_date = 315 BC | death_place = | religion = Ancient Greek religion }}
'''Patraus''' ({{langx|grc|Πατράος|Patráos}}) was king of the ancient kingdom of Paeonia from around 335 until his death in 315 BC.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wright |first=Nicholas |date=2012 |title=The Horseman and the Warrior: Paionia and Macedonia in the Fourth Century BC |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle |volume=172 |pages=1–26 }}</ref> Patraus' relationship with the previous Paeonian king, Lyppeius, is unknown, as are the circumstances surrounding his ascension.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Merker |first=Irwin |date=1965 |title=The ancient kingdom of Paionia |url=https://ojs.lib.uom.gr/index.php/BalkanStudies/article/view/578 |journal=Balkan Studies |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=35–54}}</ref> Aside from the silver coinage struck in his name, we know nothing for certain about the events of Patraus' reign.<ref name=":1">Wright 2012, pp. 2–3</ref>
Paeonia was made a Macedonian vassal in 356 during the course of Philip II of Macedon's Balkan campaigns.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Hammond |first1=N.G.L. |title=A History of Macedonia Volume II: 550–336 B.C. |last2=Griffith |first2=G.T. |publisher=Clarendon Press |year=1979 |isbn=9780198148142 |location=Oxford |pages=672}}</ref> Although they retained their territory and the right to mint coins, the Paeonians were expected to provide both tribute and manpower for Macedonian military campaigns.<ref name=":2">Merker 1965, pp. 44–45</ref> Consequently, around 150 cavalrymen, commanded by Ariston, crossed with Alexander III's army into Asia Minor in 334.<ref name=":1" /> Initially only one squadron strong, the Paeonians received 500 reinforcements in Egypt and a further 600 at Susa.<ref>Ashley, J.R. (2004) ''The Macedonian Empire: The Era of Warfare Under Philip II and Alexander the Great, 359–323 B.C.'' McFarland. p. 34.</ref> Ariston may have been a member of the Paeonian ruling house, possibly Patraus' brother, but this is only speculation.<ref name=":2" /> Patraus died sometime in 315 and was succeeded by Audoleon.
==References== ===Citations=== {{Reflist}}
{{Paionians}} {{Authority control}}
Category:315 BC deaths Category:4th-century BC monarchs Category:Paeonian kings